서울중앙지방법원 | 2018-10-11 | 2017가합583990
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
전보처분의 정당성 판단 기준: 업무상 필요성과 근로자 불이익 비교교량
결과 요약
- 근로자의 전보처분 무효 확인 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 회사는 항공운수업을 영위하는 회사이며, 근로자는 2011. 10. 25.부터 회사의 C 지점 마케팅팀에서 근무함.
- 회사는 2017. 2. 22. 노동조합의 요청을 수용하여 3년 이상 근무한 과장 이하 직원을 대상으로 정기인사제도를 재시행할 것을 공고함.
- 근로자는 2017. 2. 28. 경력개발보고서에 다른 부서 근무에 관심이 없다고 응답하면서도, 인사이동이 필수적이라면 '1순위 디지털세일즈팀, 2순위 여객운송부, 3순위 화물부'를 선호한다고 기재함.
- 회사는 2017. 9. 26. 근로자를 포함한 직원 11명의 정기인사를 공고하였고, 근로자는 2017. 11. 1.자로 예약발권팀에 배치됨(해당 사안 전보처분).
- 근로자는 해당 사안 전보처분이 자신의 사전 동의 없이 이루어졌고, 마케팅 전공과 경력을 활용하지 못하게 되는 등 중대한 생활상 불이익을 입었으므로 부당하여 무효라고 주장함.
- 회사는 근로자의 담당 업무가 마케팅 업무로 특정되지 않았고, 해당 사안 전보처분은 정기인사제도 재시행에 따른 것이며, 근로자의 고충과 업무능률 증진 등을 고려한 정당한 인사권 행사라고 주장함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
전보처분의 정당성
- 법리: 근로자에 대한 전보나 전직은 원칙적으로 인사권자인 사용자의 권한에 속하므로 업무상 필요한 범위 내에서는 사용자는 상당한 재량을 가짐.
- 법리: 전보처분 등이 권리남용에 해당하는지의 여부는 전보처분 등의 업무상의 필요성과 전보 등에 따른 근로자의 생활상의 불이익을 비교·교량하여 결정되어야 함.
- 법리: 업무상의 필요에 의한 전보 등에 따른 생활상의 불이익이 근로자가 통상 감수하여야 할 정도를 현저하게 벗어난 것이 아니라면, 이는 정당한 인사권의 범위 내에 속하는 것으로서 권리남용에 해당하지 않음.
- 법리: 전보처분 등을 할 때 근로자 본인과 성실한 협의절차를 거쳤는지가 정당한 인사권의 행사인지 여부를 판단하는 하나의 요소라고는 할 수 있으나, 그러한 절차를 거치지 아니하였다는 사정만으로 전보처분 등이 권리남용에 해당하여 당연히 무효가 된다고는 할 수 없음.
- 법리: 사용자가 전직처분 등을 함에 있어서 요구되는 업무상의 필요란 인원 배치를 변경할 필요성이 있고 그 변경에 어떠한 근로자를 포함시키는 것이 적절할 것인가 하는 인원선택의 합리성을 의미하는데, 여기에는 업무능률의 증진, 직장질서의 유지나 회복, 근로자 간의 인화 등의 사정도 포함됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자의 담당 업무 특정 여부: 근로자의 근로계약서에 직무와 근무장소가 회사의 업무 요구에 따라 변경될 수 있다고 명시되어 있고, 원고 스스로 과거 다른 부서로의 이동을 지원한 적이 있으므로, 근로자의 담당 업무가 마케팅팀 업무로 특정되었다고 보기 어려움.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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\ubd80\uc11c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc758 \ud2b9\uc9d5**: \uae30\uc220\ubd80\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud2b9\uc815 \ubd80\uc11c\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0\ub294 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc804\ubb38 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc774\ub098 \uace0\ub3c4\uc758 \ub09c\uc774\ub3c4\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ud2b9\uc815 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ud2b9\uc815 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uace0\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \ud06c\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud55c \ub9c8\ucf00\ud305\ud300 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub3c4 \uace0\ub3c4\uc758 \uc804\ubb38\uc131\uc744 \uc694\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc778\uc0ac\ubd80\uc7a5\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9c8\ucf00\ud305\ud300\uc7a5\uacfc\uc758 \uac08\ub4f1 \ubc0f \uc721\uc544 \ubcd1\ud589\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \ud1a0\ub85c\ud558\uba70 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubd80\uc11c\ub85c\uc758 \uc774\ub3d9\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428. \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uace0\ucda9, \uac01 \ubd80\uc11c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc758 \ud2b9\uc9d5, \uc5c5\ubb34\ub2a5\ub960 \uc99d\uc9c4, \ub9c8\ucf00\ud305 \ud300\uc7a5\uacfc\uc758 \uac08\ub4f1 \ub4f1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc778\ud654, \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc9c8\uc11c \uc720\uc9c0 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc608\uc57d\ubc1c\uad8c\ud300 \ubc30\uce58\uac00 \uc801\uc808\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \ubd88\ud569\ub9ac\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \uc5ec\ubd80**: \uc608\uc57d\ubc1c\uad8c\ud300 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ucf5c\uc13c\ud130 \uc5c5\ubb34\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \uace0\uac1d \uc608\uc57d \ubc0f \ubc1c\uad8c \uc5c5\ubb34, VIP \uace0\uac1d \uc751\ub300, \ud56d\uacf5\uad8c \ud310\ub9e4 \ucd09\uc9c4 \ub4f1 \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud568. \uc608\uc57d\ubc1c\uad8c\ud300\uc740 \ub9c8\ucf00\ud305\ud300\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ub300\uc6b0\ubc1b\uc73c\uba70, \uad00\ub9ac\uc790 \uc911 \uc808\ubc18 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774 \uc608\uc57d\ubc1c\uad8c\ud300 \uadfc\ubb34 \uacbd\ub825\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ub4f1 \ud575\uc2ec \ubd80\uc11c\uc784. \uc608\uc57d\ubc1c\uad8c\ud300\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub294 \ud56d\uacf5\uc5c5 \uc804\ubc18\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\ud574\ub3c4\ub97c \ub192\uc774\uace0 \ub9c8\ucf00\ud305 \uc5ed\ub7c9 \uc99d\uc9c4\uacfc \ubb34\uad00\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131**: \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\uc804 \ub3d9\uc758\ub97c \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc0ac\uc804 \ud611\uc758\ub97c \uac70\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub098, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc5d0 \uc5c5\ubb34 \ubcc0\uacbd \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uba85\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\uc11c \uc774\ub3d9 \uc694\uccad\uc774 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\ucce4\uc73c\uba70, \uc815\uae30\uc778\uc0ac\uc81c\ub3c4 \uacf5\uace0 \uc2dc \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ucd5c\uc885 \uacb0\uc815\ub428\uc744 \uc54c\ub838\uace0, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc120\ud638 \ubd80\uc11c\uc5d0 \ubc30\uce58\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c. \ub610\ud55c, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc804\ubcf4 \uacf5\uace0 8\uc77c \uc804 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubc30\uce58 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc54c\ub9ac\uace0 \uacbd\uc704\uc640 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc0ac\uc815\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uad8c\ub9ac\ub0a8\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud1f4\ucd9c\uc2dc\ud0ac \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b0 \uac83\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80**: \uc815\uae30\uc778\uc0ac\uc81c\ub3c4 \uc7ac\uc2dc\ud589\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\uc11c \uc774\ub3d9 \uc694\uccad \ubc0f \uace0\ucda9 \ub0b4\uc6a9 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud1f4\ucd9c\uc2dc\ud0ac \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ubcf4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ub0b4\ub838\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2013. 6. 27. \uc120\uace0 2013\ub2e49475 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2013. 2. 28. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub45020447 \ud310\uacb0\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc804\ubcf4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uacfc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \ube44\uad50\u00b7\uad50\ub7c9\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc874 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \ubc95\ub9ac\ub97c \ucda9\uc2e4\ud788 \ub530\ub974\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8 \uc2dc \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc778\ub825 \ubc30\uce58 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc5c5\ubb34\ub2a5\ub960 \uc99d\uc9c4, \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc9c8\uc11c \uc720\uc9c0, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uac04 \uc778\ud654 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \ud3ed\ub113\uac8c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc0ac\uc804 \ub3d9\uc758\ub098 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \ud611\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \ub0b4\uc6a9, \uc804\ubcf4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ubc30\uacbd(\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc694\uccad\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc815\uae30\uc778\uc0ac\uc81c\ub3c4 \uc7ac\uc2dc\ud589), \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uace0\ucda9 \ud1a0\ub85c \ubc0f \ubd80\uc11c \uc774\ub3d9 \uc694\uccad, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc124\uba85 \ub178\ub825 \ub4f1 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uad8c\ub9ac\ub0a8\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uad8c \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc744 \ud3ed\ub113\uac8c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4, \uadf8 \ud589\uc0ac\uac00 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud558\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ud1b5\uc0c1 \uac10\uc218\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ud604\uc800\ud788 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc8fc\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uba74 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784."}
- 정기인사제도 재시행의 취지 및 목적: 해당 사안 전보처분은 노동조합의 요청에 따라 근로자들의 다양한 경력 개발 기회 제공 및 폐쇄적인 부서 문화 개선을 위해 재시행된 정기인사제도의 일환으로 이루어진 것임.
- 해당 사안 지점의 각 부서 업무의 특징: 기술부와 같은 특정 부서를 제외하고는 특별한 전문 지식이나 고도의 난이도를 요구하지 않아 특정 근로자에게 특정 업무를 고정적으로 부여할 필요성이 크지 않음. 근로자가 담당한 마케팅팀 업무도 고도의 전문성을 요한다고 보기 어려움.
- 해당 사안 전보처분의 업무상 필요성: 근로자가 인사부장에게 마케팅팀장과의 갈등 및 육아 병행의 어려움을 토로하며 다른 부서로의 이동을 요청한 사실이 인정됨. 회사는 근로자의 고충, 각 부서 업무의 특징, 업무능률 증진, 마케팅 팀장과의 갈등 등 근로자 사이의 인화, 직장질서 유지 등을 고려하여 예약발권팀 배치가 적절하다고 판단하였으며, 이러한 판단이 불합리하다고 볼 수 없음.
- 근로자의 생활상 불이익 여부: 예약발권팀 업무는 단순한 콜