서울서부지방법원 | 2016-03-17 | 2014가합9847
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
근로계약 체결 및 복직 의사 표명 시 근로 제공 의사 부존재로 인한 임금 청구 기각
결과 요약
- 근로자의 임금 청구를 기각함.
- 소송비용은 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 회사는 서울 마포구에서 'D'라는 주점을 운영함.
- 근로자는 2014. 8. 25.경 회사와 월 급여 1,500,000원, 주 5일 근무 조건으로 인터넷 블로그 관리 및 사무실 관리 업무를 위한 사무보조원 근로계약을 체결함.
- 근로자는 2014. 8. 27. 및 8. 28. 이틀간 출근하였으나, 회사는 8. 28. 근로자에게 일을 그만두라고 함(해당 해고).
- 근로자는 해당 해고가 절차적·실체적으로 위법하며, 지속적으로 복직 의사를 밝혔음에도 회사가 거부하다가 부당해고 구제신청 후 2014. 12. 11. 복귀발령 통보를 하였다고 주장하며, 해고일로부터 복귀일 전날까지의 임금 상당액 지급을 청구함.
- 회사는 근로자가 근로 제공 의사 없이 경제적 이익 편취 목적으로 근로계약을 체결하였으므로 계약이 무효이거나, 사기를 이유로 취소한다고 주장함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로계약 체결 및 복직 의사 표명 시 근로 제공 의사 유무
- 법리: 근로계약의 유효성 및 해고의 귀책사유 판단에 있어 근로자의 실질적인 근로 제공 의사가 중요한 고려 요소가 됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는 2012. 1. 10.부터 2014. 11. 21.경까지 14회에 걸쳐 부당해고 구제신청을 하였고, 대부분 단기간 근무 후 신청하였으며, 다른 사업장 근무 중에도 구제신청을 반복함.
- 특히, 2014. 8. 6. 다른 사업장에서 복직 및 임금 상당액 지급 판정을 받았음에도 불과 며칠 뒤인 2014. 8. 25. 회사와 해당 근로계약을 체결함.
- 근로자는 해당 사안 주점 출근 이틀 모두 지각하였고, 업무 인수를 제대로 받으려는 노력을 보이지 않았으며, 컴퓨터 아이디와 비밀번호를 반복하여 물어보는 등 불성실한 태도를 보임.
- 근로자는 해당 해고 후에도 다른 사업장을 상대로 부당해고 구제신청을 하였음.
- 근로자는 회사에게 복귀 의사를 표시하였으나, 해고 후 얼마 지나지 않아 근로계약서 미작성을 이유로 회사에 대한 진정을 제기하였고, 회사의 복귀발령 통보에도 불구하고 원직복직에 따른 임금 상당액의 선이행을 요구하며 출근하지 않음.
- 이러한 사정들을 종합할 때, 근로자가 실제로 근로를 제공할 의사로 해당 근로계약을 체결하거나 복직 의사를 표시하였다고 보기 어려움.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ubc0f \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac \ud45c\uba85 \uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5 \uc758\uc0ac \ubd80\uc874\uc7ac\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c \uae30\uac01\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n- \uc18c\uc1a1\ube44\uc6a9\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc11c\uc6b8 \ub9c8\ud3ec\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c 'D'\ub77c\ub294 \uc8fc\uc810\uc744 \uc6b4\uc601\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2014. 8. 25.\uacbd \ud53c\uace0\uc640 **\uc6d4 \uae09\uc5ec 1,500,000\uc6d0, \uc8fc 5\uc77c \uadfc\ubb34** \uc870\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud130\ub137 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 \uad00\ub9ac \ubc0f \uc0ac\ubb34\uc2e4 \uad00\ub9ac \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc0ac\ubb34\ubcf4\uc870\uc6d0 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2014. 8. 27. \ubc0f 8. 28. \uc774\ud2c0\uac04 \ucd9c\uadfc\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 8. 28. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\uc744 \uadf8\ub9cc\ub450\ub77c\uace0 \ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0).\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 **\uc808\ucc28\uc801\u00b7\uc2e4\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ubc95**\ud558\uba70, \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1d\ud614\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\ub2e4\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad \ud6c4 2014. 12. 11. \ubcf5\uadc0\ubc1c\ub839 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub97c \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70, \ud574\uace0\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubcf5\uadc0\uc77c \uc804\ub0a0\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5 \uc758\uc0ac \uc5c6\uc774 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc774\uc775 \ud3b8\ucde8 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c **\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \ubb34\ud6a8**\uc774\uac70\ub098, \uc0ac\uae30\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ucde8\uc18c\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ubc0f \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac \ud45c\uba85 \uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5 \uc758\uc0ac \uc720\ubb34\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 **\uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5 \uc758\uc0ac**\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uace0\ub824 \uc694\uc18c\uac00 \ub428.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2012. 1. 10.\ubd80\ud130 2014. 11. 21.\uacbd\uae4c\uc9c0 **14\ud68c\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad**\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uace0, \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \ub2e8\uae30\uac04 \uadfc\ubb34 \ud6c4 \uc2e0\uccad\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \uadfc\ubb34 \uc911\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, 2014. 8. 6. \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf5\uc9c1 \ubc0f \uc784\uae08 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 \uc9c0\uae09 \ud310\uc815\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uacfc \uba70\uce60 \ub4a4\uc778 2014. 8. 25. \ud53c\uace0\uc640 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\uc810 \ucd9c\uadfc \uc774\ud2c0 \ubaa8\ub450 **\uc9c0\uac01**\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc778\uc218\ub97c \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \ubc1b\uc73c\ub824\ub294 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc73c\uba70, \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \uc544\uc774\ub514\uc640 \ube44\ubc00\ubc88\ud638\ub97c \ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \ubb3c\uc5b4\ubcf4\ub294 \ub4f1 **\ubd88\uc131\uc2e4\ud55c \ud0dc\ub3c4**\ub97c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0 \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc744 \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf5\uadc0 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ud574\uace0 \ud6c4 \uc5bc\ub9c8 \uc9c0\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c \ubbf8\uc791\uc131\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c **\uc9c4\uc815\uc744 \uc81c\uae30**\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ubcf5\uadc0\ubc1c\ub839 \ud1b5\ubcf4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 **\uc6d0\uc9c1\ubcf5\uc9c1\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc784\uae08 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561\uc758 \uc120\uc774\ud589\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uba70 \ucd9c\uadfc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.**\n- \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\ub4e4\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud560 \ub54c, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 **\uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \uc758\uc0ac**\ub85c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uac8c \uc131\ub9bd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \uc124\ub839 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uace0 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \ud558\uc790\uac00 \uc788\uc73c\uba70 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ucde8\uc18c\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc5ec\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5 \uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc6d0\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0 \ub2f9\uc77c \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \uc5b5\uc6b8\ud568\uc744 \ud638\uc18c\ud558\uba70 \ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \ubb3c\uc5c8\uace0, 2014. 9. 5.\uacbd \ubc0f 2014. 11. 19.\uacbd \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc77c\ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc1d\ud798.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 **\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5 \uc758\uc0ac**\uac00 \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc18c\uc784\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad \uc774\ub825, \ubd88\uc131\uc2e4\ud55c \uadfc\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub3c4, \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac \ud45c\uba85 \ud6c4\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec **\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\ub3c4\ub97c \ucd94\ub2e8**\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, **\uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \uc545\uc6a9\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud310\ub2e8**\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc0ac\ub840\uc784.\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc785\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 **\uadfc\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub3c4 \ubc0f \uc774\uc804 \uc774\ub825 \ub4f1\uc744 \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uc0b4\ud53c\uace0, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubd84\uc7c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ube44**\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc785\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 **\uc9c4\uc815\uc131 \uc788\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c \uc758\uc0ac**\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc131\uc2e4\ud558\uac8c \uadfc\ubb34\uc5d0 \uc784\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c \uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc9c0\ud574\uc57c \ud568."}
- 따라서 해당 근로계약이 유효하게 성립하였다고 보기 어렵고, 설령 유효하고 해고에 절차적 하자가 있으며 해고가 취소된 것으로 볼 여지가 있더라도, 근로자에게 근로 제공 의사가 없었으므로 회사의 귀책사유로 근로를 제공하지 못한 것이라고 할 수 없음.
- 회사에게 원고 주장 기간의 임금 상당액을 지급할 의무가 없음.
참고사실
- 근로자는 해당 해고 당일 회사에게 전화하여 억울함을 호소하며 해고사유를 물었고, 2014. 9. 5.경 및 2014. 11. 19.경 회사에게 전화하여 해당 사안 주점에서 다시 일하고 싶다는 의사를 밝힘.
검토
- 본 판결은 근로계약의 유효성 및 해고의 정당성 판단에 있어 근로자의 진정한 근로 제공 의사가 핵심적인 요소임을 명확히 함.
- 특히, 반복적인 부당해고 구제신청 이력, 불성실한 근무 태도, 복직 의사 표명 후의 행동 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 근로자의 의도를 추단한 점이 주목할 만함.
- 이는 근로기준법상 근로자 보호의 취지에도 불구하고, 제도를 악용하려는 시도에 대해서는 엄격하게 판단할 수 있음을 보여주는 사례임.
- 사용자 입장에서는 근로자의 근무 태도 및 이전 이력 등을 면밀히 살피고, 근로계약 체결 및 해고 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 분쟁에 대비할 필요가 있음.
- 근로자 입장에서는 진정성 있는 근로 의사를 가지고 성실하게 근무에 임해야 하며, 부당해고