서울중앙지방법원 | 2020-01-16 | 2019노3049
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
해고예고수당 미지급에 따른 근로기준법 위반 유죄 판결
결과 요약
- 피고인의 항소를 기각하고, 해고예고수당 미지급으로 인한 근로기준법 위반 혐의에 대해 유죄를 인정한 원심 판결을 유지함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 2018. 11. 10.경 자신이 운영하는 (주)D에서 배달 업무를 하던 근로자 E에게 2~3개월 후 반포점 재개점 시 재근무를 제안한 사실이 있음.
- 피고인은 2018. 11. 11.경 E를 해고예고 없이 전화로 해고하고 해고예고수당을 지급하지 않음.
- E는 피고인에게 해고예고수당 미지급에 대해 진술서를 작성하고 원심 법정에서 진술함.
- 피고인은 2018. 11. 12. E에게 F 메시지를 보냄.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
해고예고수당 미지급에 따른 근로기준법 위반 여부
- 피고인은 E를 해고한 사실이 없거나, 구두 해고는 효력이 없어 해고예고수당 지급 의무가 없다고 주장함.
- 법원은 E의 진술서, 원심 법정 진술, 피고인이 E에게 보낸 메시지 등을 종합하여 피고인이 2018. 11. 11. 해고예고 없이 전화로 E를 해고하고 해고예고수당을 지급하지 않은 사실을 인정함.
- 해고예고수당은 해고의 유효성 여부와 관계없이 지급되어야 하며, 해고가 부당해고로 효력이 없더라도 근로자가 해고예고수당을 지급받을 법률상 원인이 없다고 볼 수 없음.
- 따라서 이 사건 공소사실을 유죄로 인정한 원심판결은 정당하다고 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2018. 9. 13. 선고 2017다16778 판결: 해고예고수당은 해고가 유효한지와 관계없이 지급되어야 하는 돈이고, 해고가 부당해고에 해당하여 효력이 없다고 하더라도 근로자가 해고예고수당을 지급받을 법률상 원인이 없다고 볼 수 없다.
- 근로기준법 제26조 (해고의 예고): 사용자는 근로자를 해고하려면 적어도 30일 전에 예고를 하여야 하고, 30일 전에 예고를 하지 아니하였을 때에는 30일분 이상의 통상임금을 지급하여야 한다.
양형 부당 여부
- 피고인은 원심의 형(벌금 30만 원, 집행유예 1년)이 너무 무거워 부당하다고 주장함.
- 법원은 제1심과 비교하여 양형 조건에 변화가 없고, 피고인이 E에게 해고예고수당을 지급하였다고 볼 자료가 없으며, 원심 판결 선고 이후 양형 조건에 별다른 사정 변경이 없음을 고려함.
- 피고인의 나이, 성행, 환경, 범행 동기와 수단, 범행 후 정황 등 모든 양형 요소를 참작할 때, 원심의 양형이 재량의 합리적인 범위를 벗어났다고 보이지 않는다고 판단함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인의 항소를 기각한다.
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E\uc5d0\uac8c F \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\ub0c4.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 E\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc5c6\uac70\ub098, \uad6c\ub450 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 E\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220\uc11c, \uc6d0\uc2ec \ubc95\uc815 \uc9c4\uc220, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 E\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf4\ub0b8 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 2018. 11. 11. \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc804\ud654\ub85c E\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\uace0 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- **\ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \uc9c0\uae09\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ub85c \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc744 \ubc95\ub960\uc0c1 \uc6d0\uc778\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.**\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc720\uc8c4\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc6d0\uc2ec\ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2018. 9. 13. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub2e416778 \ud310\uacb0: \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc720\ud6a8\ud55c\uc9c0\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \uc9c0\uae09\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \ub3c8\uc774\uace0, \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc744 \ubc95\ub960\uc0c1 \uc6d0\uc778\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c26\uc870 (\ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc608\uace0): \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 30\uc77c \uc804\uc5d0 \uc608\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud558\uace0, 30\uc77c \uc804\uc5d0 \uc608\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\uc600\uc744 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 30\uc77c\ubd84 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n### \uc591\ud615 \ubd80\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ud615(\ubc8c\uae08 30\ub9cc \uc6d0, \uc9d1\ud589\uc720\uc608 1\ub144)\uc774 \ub108\ubb34 \ubb34\uac70\uc6cc \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc81c1\uc2ec\uacfc \ube44\uad50\ud558\uc5ec \uc591\ud615 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 E\uc5d0\uac8c \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uc6d0\uc2ec \ud310\uacb0 \uc120\uace0 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc591\ud615 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0 \ubcc4\ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc815 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud568.\n- **\ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ub098\uc774, \uc131\ud589, \ud658\uacbd, \ubc94\ud589 \ub3d9\uae30\uc640 \uc218\ub2e8, \ubc94\ud589 \ud6c4 \uc815\ud669 \ub4f1 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc591\ud615 \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \ucc38\uc791\ud560 \ub54c, \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \uc591\ud615\uc774 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2015. 7. 23. \uc120\uace0 2015\ub3c43260 \uc804\uc6d0\ud569\uc758\uccb4 \ud310\uacb0: \uc81c1\uc2ec\uacfc \ube44\uad50\ud558\uc5ec \uc591\ud615\uc758 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \uc81c1\uc2ec\uc758 \uc591\ud615\uc774 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uc874\uc911\ud568\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 E\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \ub9cc\ud55c \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uc2ec\ud310\uacb0 \uc120\uace0 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc591\ud615\uc758 \uc870\uac74\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc5d0 \ubcc4\ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc815 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uc131\uaca9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud560 \ub54c \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud568\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uad6c\ub450 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825 \uc720\ubb34\uc640 \ubcc4\uac1c\ub85c \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \ud68c\ud53c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc591\ud615\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc81c1\uc2ec\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\uc744 \uc874\uc911\ud558\uba70, \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \ud56d\uc18c\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c \uc591\ud615\uc744 \ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568."}
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2015. 7. 23. 선고 2015도3260 전원합의체 판결: 제1심과 비교하여 양형의 조건에 변화가 없고, 제1심의 양형이 재량의 합리적인 범위를 벗어나지 아니하는 경우에는 이를 존중함이 타당하다.
참고사실
- 피고인은 E에게 해당 해고예고수당을 지급하였다고 볼 만한 자료가 없음.
- 원심판결 선고 이후 양형의 조건이 되는 사항에 별다른 사정 변경을 찾아볼 수 없음.
검토
- 본 판결은 해고예고수당의 법적 성격에 대해 명확히 함으로써, 사용자가 근로자를 해고할 때 해고의 유효성 여부와 관계없이 해고예고수당 지급 의무가 발생함을 재확인한 사례임.
- 특히, 구두 해고의 효력 유무와 별개로 해고예고수당 지급 의무가 발생한다는 점을 명시하여, 사용자가 근로기준법상 의무를 회피할 수 없음을 강조함.
- 양형에 있어서도 제1심의 판단을 존중하며, 특별한 사정 변경이 없는 한 항소심에서 양형을 변경하지 않는다는 원칙을 재확인함.