창원지방법원 진주지원 | 2019-11-20 | 2018가단34861
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
명예퇴직 신청 불허가 재량권 일탈·남용에 해당하는지 여부
결과 요약
- 근로자의 명예퇴직 신청 불허가 재량권 일탈·남용에 해당한다는 주장을 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2000. 11. 20. 회사가 경영하는 C대학교에 입사하여 18년간 근속함.
- 근로자는 2018. 4. 5. 개인사정으로 명예퇴직 신청서를 제출함.
- 회사는 2018. 4. 24. 직원인사위원회를 개최하여 근로자의 명예퇴직 신청 자격에 결격사유는 없으나, 명예퇴직금 예산 및 재정상황을 고려하여 추후 논의가 필요하다는 의결을 함.
- 회사는 2018. 5. 9. 다시 직원인사위원회를 개최하여 명예퇴직수당 예산 미반영 및 C대 교직원 임금 체불 등 열악한 재정상황을 이유로 근로자의 명예퇴직 신청을 불허함.
- 근로자는 2018. 5. 30. 회사에게 2018. 7. 2.자로 사직한다는 내용의 사직서를 제출함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
명예퇴직 신청 불허가 재량권 일탈·남용에 해당하는지 여부
- 명예퇴직 제도는 정년 이전 조기퇴직에 대한 사례금 또는 장려금적 성격이 강하며, 근로자의 명예퇴직은 사용자의 승인 없이는 성립할 수 없음.
- 다만, 사용자의 명예퇴직 심의·결정 권한은 합리적인 범위 안에서 제한적으로 행사되어야 하며, 객관적 자격을 갖춘 근로자의 신청에 대해 부당한 사유로 수리를 거부하는 등 남용해서는 안 됨.
- 법원은 회사의 명예퇴직 신청 불허가 재량권 일탈·남용에 해당한다고 인정하기 부족하다고 판단함.
- 명예퇴직 제도의 도입 및 운영은 사용자에게 넓은 재량이 허용됨.
- 회사의 명예퇴직 규정 제4조 제2항은 총장이 교직원 수급계획 및 예산상 부득이한 경우 명예퇴직 자격을 제한할 수 있다고 규정하며, 당시 C대는 심각한 재정난에 시달리고 있었음.
- 원고와 비슷한 시기 명예퇴직을 신청한 다른 직원(D)의 신청도 불허된 점을 볼 때, 회사가 원고만을 합리적 이유 없이 차별했다고 보기 어려움.
- 교원의 명예퇴직 승인은 신입생 수 감소로 인한 폐과 등 교원 수 감축 필요성 때문이었으며, 예산 상황, 인력수급계획, 신청자의 개별 상황이 동일하지 않으므로 원고와의 형평에 어긋난다고 단정할 수 없음.
- 회사가 근로자를 포함한 직원들에게 일정한 근속요건을 갖추면 명예퇴직이 당연히 허용되리라는 정당한 신뢰나 합리적 기대를 부여했다고 볼 수 없음.
- 명예퇴직수당이 예산에 반영되어 있지 않고 교직원 임금이 체불되는 등 재정상황이 열악하다는 불허 사유는 합리적인 범위를 벗어나 부당하다고 인정되지 않음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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\uc790\uaca9\uc5d0 \uacb0\uaca9\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc5c6\uc73c\ub098, \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc608\uc0b0 \ubc0f \uc7ac\uc815\uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ucd94\ud6c4 \ub17c\uc758\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\uacb0\uc744 \ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2018. 5. 9. \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc5ec \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc218\ub2f9 \uc608\uc0b0 \ubbf8\ubc18\uc601 \ubc0f C\ub300 \uad50\uc9c1\uc6d0 \uc784\uae08 \uccb4\ubd88 \ub4f1 \uc5f4\uc545\ud55c \uc7ac\uc815\uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ubd88\ud5c8\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2018. 5. 30. \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 2018. 7. 2.\uc790\ub85c \uc0ac\uc9c1\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc758 \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc11c\ub97c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc2e0\uccad \ubd88\ud5c8\uac00 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\ubd88\ud5c8\ub41c \uc810\uc744 \ubcfc \ub54c, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub9cc\uc744 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \ucc28\ubcc4\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc2b9\uc778\uc740 \uc2e0\uc785\uc0dd \uc218 \uac10\uc18c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ud3d0\uacfc \ub4f1 \uad50\uc6d0 \uc218 \uac10\ucd95 \ud544\uc694\uc131 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc608\uc0b0 \uc0c1\ud669, \uc778\ub825\uc218\uae09\uacc4\ud68d, \uc2e0\uccad\uc790\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4 \uc0c1\ud669\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc640\uc758 \ud615\ud3c9\uc5d0 \uc5b4\uae0b\ub09c\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uadfc\uc18d\uc694\uac74\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\uba74 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc774 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ub418\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub098 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uae30\ub300\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc218\ub2f9\uc774 \uc608\uc0b0\uc5d0 \ubc18\uc601\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uad50\uc9c1\uc6d0 \uc784\uae08\uc774 \uccb4\ubd88\ub418\ub294 \ub4f1 \uc7ac\uc815\uc0c1\ud669\uc774 \uc5f4\uc545\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \ubd88\ud5c8 \uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc218\ub2f9\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubcc4\ub3c4\ub85c \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc744 \uc720\ub3c4\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud560 \uc5ec\uc9c0\uac00 \ucda9\ubd84\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ub300\uc0c1\uc790\ub85c \uc120\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucd1d\uc7a5\uc774 \ubc95\uc778 \uc774\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ub300\uc0c1\uc790\ub85c \ubcf4\uace0\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ub2e8\uc9c0 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc744 \uc2e0\uccad\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\uba70, \uc704 \ubcf4\uace0\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc2e0\uccad\uc774 \uc2b9\uc778\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2007. 11. 15. \uc120\uace0 2005\ub2e424646 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2007. 11. 29. \uc120\uace0 2005\ub2e428358 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2003. 6. 27. \uc120\uace0 2003\ub2e41632 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1999. 12. 21. \uc120\uace0 99\ub2e442933 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ud5cc\ubc95\uc7ac\ud310\uc18c 2007. 4. 26.\uc790 2003\ud5cc\ub9c8533 \uacb0\uc815\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uacfc \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc740 \uc0ac\uc801 \uc790\uce58\uc758 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\uba70, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc2b9\uc778\uc774 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uacc4\uc57d\uc801 \uc131\uaca9\uc744 \uac00\uc9d0\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\uc815 \uc0c1\ud669 \ubc0f \uc778\ub825 \uc218\uae09 \uacc4\ud68d \ub4f1 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc2b9\uc778 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uace0\ub824 \uc694\uc18c\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uadfc\uc18d \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud574\uc11c \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc774 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uae30\ub300\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uae30\ub300\uad8c \ubcf4\ud638 \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ubd88\ud5c8 \uc0ac\ub840\ub098 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc2b9\uc778 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud558\uba70 \ud615\ud3c9\uc131 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc30\ucc99\ud55c \uc810\uc740, \uac1c\ubcc4 \uc0ac\uc548\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uacfc \uacbd\uc601 \ud658\uacbd\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud55c \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ud310\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}
- 근로자에게 명예퇴직 수당까지 별도로 지급하면서 사직을 유도할 필요가 없다고 판단할 여지가 충분함.
- 근로자가 직원인사위원회로부터 명예퇴직 대상자로 선정되었다는 증거가 없으므로, 총장이 법인 이사회에 근로자를 명예퇴직 대상자로 보고한 것은 단지 근로자가 명예퇴직을 신청한 사실을 보고한 것으로 볼 수 있을 뿐이며, 위 보고만으로 회사가 근로자에게 명예퇴직 신청이 승인될 것이라는 신뢰를 부여했다고 볼 수 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2007. 11. 15. 선고 2005다24646 판결
- 대법원 2007. 11. 29. 선고 2005다28358 판결
- 대법원 2003. 6. 27. 선고 2003다1632 판결
- 대법원 1999. 12. 21. 선고 99다42933 판결
- 헌법재판소 2007. 4. 26.자 2003헌마533 결정
검토
- 본 판결은 명예퇴직 제도의 본질과 사용자의 재량권 범위를 명확히 함. 명예퇴직은 사적 자치의 영역에 속하며, 사용자의 승인이 필수적인 계약적 성격을 가짐을 재확인함.
- 특히, 사용자의 재정 상황 및 인력 수급 계획 등 경영상 판단이 명예퇴직 승인 여부에 중요한 고려 요소가 될 수 있음을 보여줌.
- 단순히 근속 요건을 충족했다고 해서 명예퇴직이 당연히 허용될 것이라는 기대는 정당한 신뢰로 인정되기 어렵다는 점을 명시하여, 근로자의 기대권 보호 범위에 대한 기준을 제시함.
- 다른 직원의 명예퇴직 불허 사례나 교원의