서울고등법원 | 1969-04-24 | 68구185
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
직위해제처분 통지서 미송달로 인한 면직처분 무효 확인
결과 요약
- 대통령이 근로자에게 한 면직처분은 취소함.
- 소송비용은 회사의 부담으로 함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 1964.10.1.부터 서울특별시 교육위원회 산하 고등학교 서무과장으로 재직함.
- 문교부장관은 1966.6.8. 근로자가 직무수행능력이 부족하고 근무성적이 극히 불량하다는 이유로 직위해제처분을 함.
- 근로자는 직위해제처분 통지를 받지 못했다고 주장하며, 다만 1966.6.20.경 동생으로부터 처분 사실을 전해 들었을 뿐이라고 주장함.
- 회사는 1966.6.14. 직위해제처분 통지서를 근로자의 어머니에게 전달하여 적법하게 송달되었다고 주장함.
- 근로자가 직위해제처분일로부터 3개월이 경과하여도 직위를 부여받지 못하자, 대통령은 1966.10.27. 직권면직심사위원의 의견을 들은 뒤 1966.12.31. 근로자에 대하여 면직처분을 함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
직위해제처분의 효력 발생 요건 및 면직처분의 유효성
- 직위해제처분은 상대방 있는 의사표시에 의한 행정처분으로, 특별한 사유가 없으면 그 의사표시가 상대방에게 도달되어야 효력이 발생함.
- 회사가 직위해제처분 통지서를 1966.6.14. 적법하게 송달하였다는 주장에 부합하는 증거(제출된 증거, 3 및 증인 소외 1, 소외 2의 증언)는 다음과 같은 이유로 신뢰하기 어려움.
- 해당 증거들은 처분일로부터 1년 이상 경과하고 소송 제기 후에 작성됨.
- 통지서를 전달했다는 증인 소외 1은 내용도 모른 채 날인했음을 인정하고, 전달 시점도 불확실하다고 진술함.
- 근로자의 어머니인 증인 소외 4는 소외 1을 알지 못한다고 증언함.
- 회사가 직위해제처분 통지서가 근로자에게 송달되었다는 사실을 입증하지 못함.
- 따라서 회사의 1966.6.8.자 직위해제처분은 효력을 발생하였다고 볼 수 없음.
- 직위해제처분이 효력을 발생하였음을 전제로 3개월 경과 후 직위를 부여받지 못했다는 이유로 이루어진 대통령의 면직처분은 무효임.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 국가공무원법 제73조의2 제1항: 임용권자 또는 임용제청권자는 직무수행능력이 부족하거나 근무성적이 극히 불량한 사람에 대하여는 직위를 부여하지 않을 수 있음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
대통령이 1966.12.31.자로 원고에 대하여 한 면직처분은 이를 취소한다. 소송비용은 피고의 부담으로 한다.
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\uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70, \ub2e4\ub9cc 1966.6.20.\uacbd \ub3d9\uc0dd\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ucc98\ubd84 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc804\ud574 \ub4e4\uc5c8\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 1966.6.14. \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc11c\ub97c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\uc5ec \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \uc1a1\ub2ec\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 3\uac1c\uc6d4\uc774 \uacbd\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec\ub3c4 \uc9c1\uc704\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc790, \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc740 1966.10.27. \uc9c1\uad8c\uba74\uc9c1\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\uc758 \uc758\uacac\uc744 \ub4e4\uc740 \ub4a4 1966.12.31. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uba74\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc694\uac74 \ubc0f \uba74\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\n- **\uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29 \uc788\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c, \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba74 \uadf8 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uac00 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3c4\ub2ec\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud568.**\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc11c\ub97c 1966.6.14. \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \uc1a1\ub2ec\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud569\ud558\ub294 \uc99d\uac70(\uc744 \uc81c5\ud638\uc99d\uc758 2, 3 \ubc0f \uc99d\uc778 \uc18c\uc678 1, \uc18c\uc678 2\uc758 \uc99d\uc5b8)\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc774\uc720\ub85c **\uc2e0\ub8b0\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.**\n- \ud574\ub2f9 \uc99d\uac70\ub4e4\uc740 \ucc98\ubd84\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 1\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uacbd\uacfc\ud558\uace0 \uc18c\uc1a1 \uc81c\uae30 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc791\uc131\ub428.\n- \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc11c\ub97c \uc804\ub2ec\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uc778 \uc18c\uc678 1\uc740 \ub0b4\uc6a9\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub978 \ucc44 \ub0a0\uc778\ud588\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0, \uc804\ub2ec \uc2dc\uc810\ub3c4 \ubd88\ud655\uc2e4\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\uc778 \uc99d\uc778 \uc18c\uc678 4\ub294 \uc18c\uc678 1\uc744 \uc54c\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc99d\uc5b8\ud568.\n- **\ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc11c\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc1a1\ub2ec\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568.**\n- **\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc758 1966.6.8.\uc790 \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.**\n- **\uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c 3\uac1c\uc6d4 \uacbd\uacfc \ud6c4 \uc9c1\uc704\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc758 \uba74\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c73\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c1\ud56d: \uc784\uc6a9\uad8c\uc790 \ub610\ub294 \uc784\uc6a9\uc81c\uccad\uad8c\uc790\ub294 \uc9c1\ubb34\uc218\ud589\ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uadfc\ubb34\uc131\uc801\uc774 \uadf9\ud788 \ubd88\ub7c9\ud55c \uc0ac\ub78c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec\ub294 \uc9c1\uc704\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c73\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c3\ud56d: \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ub41c \uc790\uac00 3\uc6d4\uc774 \uacbd\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec\ub3c4 \uc9c1\uc704\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud560 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc784\uc6a9\uad8c\uc790 \ub610\ub294 \uc784\uc6a9\uc81c\uccad\uad8c\uc790\ub294 \uc9c1\uad8c\uba74\uc9c1\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uc758\uacac\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uba74\uc9c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c14\uc870\n- \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c89\uc870\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 **\ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc694\uac74\uc778 '\ub3c4\ub2ec\uc8fc\uc758' \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778**\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784. \ud2b9\ud788, **\ud589\uc815\uccad\uc774 \ucc98\ubd84 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uc1a1\ub2ec \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uac15\uc870**\ud558\uba70, \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \uc99d\uac70\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 **\uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc99d\uac70\uc758 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc744 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud310\ub2e8**\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc99d\uac70\uc758 \uc791\uc131 \uc2dc\uc810, \uc99d\uc5b8\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\uc131 \ubc0f \uc2e0\ube59\uc131 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc99d\uac70\ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \ud5a5\ud6c4 \uc720\uc0ac \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c **\ud589\uc815\uccad\uc758 \ucc98\ubd84 \uc808\ucc28\uc0c1 \ud558\uc790\ub97c \ub2e4\ud234 \ub54c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc120\ub840**\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc9c1\uc704\ud574\uc81c\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774\ub97c \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud55c \uba74\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784\uc744 \uc120\uc5b8\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, **\uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc774 \uc2e4\uccb4\uc801 \ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc601\ud5a5**\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c."}
- 국가공무원법 제73조의2 제3항: 제1항에 의하여 직위해제된 자가 3월이 경과하여도 직위를 부여받지 못할 때에는 임용권자 또는 임용제청권자는 직권면직심사위원회의 의견을 들어 면직시킬 수 있음.
- 행정소송법 제14조
- 민사소송법 제89조
검토
- 본 판결은 행정처분의 효력 발생 요건인 '도달주의' 원칙을 명확히 재확인한 사례임. 특히, 행정청이 처분 통지의 적법한 송달 사실을 입증해야 할 책임이 있음을 강조하며, 형식적인 증거보다는 실질적인 증거의 신빙성을 엄격하게 판단하였음.
- 증거의 작성 시점, 증언의 일관성 및 신빙성 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 증거능력을 판단한 점은 향후 유사 사건에서 행정청의 처분 절차상 하자를 다툴 때 중요한 선례가 될 수 있음.
- 직위해제처분이 유효하지 않으므로, 이를 전제로 한 면직처분 역시 무효임을 선언함으로써, 절차적 적법성이 실체적 처분의 유효성에 미치는 중대한 영향을 보여줌.