서울행정법원 | 2018-05-17 | 2017구합69274
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
계약직 약사의 근로계약 기간만료 통보가 부당해고에 해당하는지 여부
결과 요약
- 근로자의 근로계약 기간만료 통보가 부당해고에 해당한다는 주장을 기각하고, 해당 재심판정은 적법하다고 판결함.
사실관계
- 참가인은 2014. 11. 3. 약사 채용 공고를 통해 연봉제 계약직 약사를 채용하기로 정함.
- 근로자는 2014. 12. 8. 참가인과 1년 기간의 계약직 근로계약을 체결하고, 2015. 12. 7. 묵시적으로 1년 기간의 근로계약을 갱신함.
- 근로자의 급여명세서 및 직무기술서에는 '정규직'으로 표기된 시기가 있었음.
- 참가인은 2016. 10. 14. 근로자에게 5.5% 인상된 연봉을 제시했으나, 근로자는 서명을 거부하고 더 높은 연봉을 제시함.
- 참가인은 2016. 11. 7. 근로자에게 근로계약 기간만료 통보를 하고, 2016. 12. 8. 다른 약사를 채용함.
- 근로자는 해당 근로계약 기간만료 통보가 부당해고에 해당한다고 주장하며 노동위원회에 구제 신청했으나 기각됨.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로계약이 '기간의 정함이 없는 근로계약'인지 여부
- 법리: 근로계약서에 기간이 명시된 경우, 특별한 사정이 없는 한 기간의 정함이 있는 근로계약으로 보며, 기간 만료 시 근로관계는 종료됨. 다만, 단기 근로계약이 장기간 반복 갱신되어 기간의 정함이 형식에 불과한 경우 등에는 사실상 기간의 정함이 없는 근로계약으로 볼 수 있음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는 계약직 약사 채용공고에 응모하여 1년 기간의 연봉제 계약을 체결했고, 1회 묵시적으로 갱신함.
- 근로자의 업무 성격, 임금명세서의 '정규직' 기재, 참가인의 인사규정만으로는 근로자가 정규직으로 전환되었거나 사실상 기간의 정함이 없는 근로관계로 전환되었다고 보기에 부족함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1998. 1. 23. 선고 97다42489 판결
- 대법원 2006. 2. 24. 선고 2005두5673 판결
근로자에게 갱신기대권이 인정되는지 여부
- 법리: 기간을 정한 근로계약의 경우 기간 만료로 근로관계가 종료되는 것이 원칙이나, 근로계약, 취업규칙, 단체협약 등에 갱신 규정이 있거나, 그러한 규정이 없더라도 근로관계의 여러 사정을 종합하여 일정한 요건 충족 시 갱신된다는 신뢰관계가 형성되어 근로자에게 정당한 기대권이 인정되는 경우, 사용자의 부당한 갱신 거절은 부당해고와 동일하게 무효임.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제14부 판결
사건: 2017구합69274 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고: A 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: 강원도 속초의료원 변론종결: 2018. 4. 5. 판결선고: 2018. 5. 17.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 피고 보조참가인(이하 '참가인')은 상시 근로자 약 199명을 고용하여 종합의료원 등의 사업을 하는 법인이다. 나. 원고는 2014. 12.8. 강원도 속초의료원에 계약직으로 입사하여 약사로 근무하던중, 2016. 11. 7. 참가인으로부터 원고와 체결한 근로계약이 2016. 12. 7.자로 만료된다는 취지의 통보(이하 '이 사건 근로계약 기간만료 통보')를 받았다. 다. 원고는 2017. 1. 17. 이 사건 근로계약 기간만료 통보가 원고에 대한 부당해고에 해당한다고 주장하면서 강원지방노동위원회에 구제를 신청하였다. 강원지방노동위원회는 2017. 3. 17. 위 구제신청을 기각하는 판정을 하
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html", "member_only": false, "extraction_method": "next_data", "ai_summary": "# \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc57d\uc0ac\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04\ub9cc\ub8cc \ud1b5\ubcf4\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04\ub9cc\ub8cc \ud1b5\ubcf4\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud558\uace0, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc740 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\uacb0\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2014. 11. 3. \uc57d\uc0ac \ucc44\uc6a9 \uacf5\uace0\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5f0\ubd09\uc81c \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc57d\uc0ac\ub97c \ucc44\uc6a9\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uc815\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2014. 12. 8. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uacfc 1\ub144 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uace0, 2015. 12. 7. \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c 1\ub144 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uac31\uc2e0\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uae09\uc5ec\uba85\uc138\uc11c \ubc0f \uc9c1\ubb34\uae30\uc220\uc11c\uc5d0\ub294 '\uc815\uaddc\uc9c1'\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\uae30\ub41c \uc2dc\uae30\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2016. 10. 14. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 5.5% \uc778\uc0c1\ub41c \uc5f0\ubd09\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc11c\uba85\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc5f0\ubd09\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2016. 11. 7. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04\ub9cc\ub8cc \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub97c \ud558\uace0, 2016. 12. 8. \ub2e4\ub978 \uc57d\uc0ac\ub97c \ucc44\uc6a9\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04\ub9cc\ub8cc \ud1b5\ubcf4\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uad6c\uc81c \uc2e0\uccad\ud588\uc73c\ub098 \uae30\uac01\ub428.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 '\uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d'\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc5d0 \uae30\uac04\uc774 \uba85\uc2dc\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uba70, \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc \uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub294 \uc885\ub8cc\ub428. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ub2e8\uae30 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uac31\uc2e0\ub418\uc5b4 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \ud615\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub4f1\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc57d\uc0ac \ucc44\uc6a9\uacf5\uace0\uc5d0 \uc751\ubaa8\ud558\uc5ec 1\ub144 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc5f0\ubd09\uc81c \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud588\uace0, 1\ud68c \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac31\uc2e0\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc131\uaca9, \uc784\uae08\uba85\uc138\uc11c\uc758 '\uc815\uaddc\uc9c1' \uae30\uc7ac, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ub418\uc5c8\uac70\ub098 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1998. 1. 23. \uc120\uace0 97\ub2e442489 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2006. 2. 24. \uc120\uace0 2005\ub4505673 \ud310\uacb0\n### \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uae30\uac04\uc744 \uc815\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc885\ub8cc\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc6d0\uce59\uc774\ub098, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59, \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uac31\uc2e0 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc788\uac70\ub098, \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc694\uac74 \ucda9\uc871 \uc2dc \uac31\uc2e0\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc640 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc791\uc131\ud55c '\uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c'\uc5d0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04\uc774 \uba85\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uace0, \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \uae30\uc7ac\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c11\uc870\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \ub610\ub294 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc804\ud658\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc694\uac74\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\uba74 \uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 1\ud68c\ub9cc \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \uc57d\uc0ac\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1\uc73c\ub85c \ucc44\uc6a9\ud588\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc57d\uc0ac\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uad00\ud589\uc774 \uc131\ub9bd\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \ub0ae\uc740 \uc784\uae08 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc57d\uc0ac\ub97c \ucc44\uc6a9\ud588\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5f0\ubd09 \uc778\uc0c1 \uc694\uad6c \ubc0f \uac15\uc6d0\ub3c4\uc9c0\uc0ac\uc758 \uc2b9\uc778 \ubb38\uc81c \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uc0c1\ud669\uc774\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc \ud6c4 \uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\ub418\uc5b4 \uacc4\uc18d \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uac83\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 4. 14. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub4501729 \ud310\uacb0\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc57d\uc0ac \ucc44\uc6a9 \uc2dc \ub0ae\uc740 \uc784\uae08 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \uc57d\uc0ac\ub97c \ucc44\uc6a9\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacb0\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc5f0\ubd09 \uc778\uc0c1 \uc81c\uc548\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uae30\uc874 \uc5f0\ubd09\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub192\uc740 \uc5f0\ubd09 \uc778\uc0c1\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc758 \ubb38\uc5b8, \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \uac31\uc2e0 \ud69f\uc218, \ucc44\uc6a9 \uacbd\uc704 \ubc0f \uad00\ud589, \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4 \ud615\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1 **\ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8**\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uacc4\uc57d\uc9c1 \ucc44\uc6a9\uc758 \ubc30\uacbd\uc5d0 **\uc784\uae08 \ubb38\uc81c \ub4f1 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc81c\uc2dc\ub41c \uc5f0\ubd09\uc5d0 \ubd88\ub9cc\uc744 \ud45c\ud558\uba70 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815**\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \ubd88\uc778\uc815\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud588\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \ubb34\uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, **\uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc548\ubcc4\ub85c \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uae30\ub300\uc640 \uc2e0\ub8b0 \ud615\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uac80\ud1a0**\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 법원의 판단:
- 원고와 참가인이 작성한 '계약직 근로계약서'에는 근로계약 기간이 명시되어 있고, 계약 갱신이 가능하다는 내용은 기재되어 있지 않음.
- 참가인의 인사규정 제11조는 계약직 근로자에 대해 재계약 또는 정규직 전환이 가능하다는 내용에 불과하며, 근로자에게 일정한 요건을 갖추면 계약이 갱신될 수 있다는 신뢰를 부여한 것으로 보기 어려움.
- 근로계약 갱신은 사실상 1회만 이루어졌고, 원고 이전에는 약사를 모두 정규직으로 채용했으므로, 원고와 같은 계약직 약사의 경우 근로계약이 갱신될 것이라는 관행이 성립되었다고 보기 어려움.
- 참가인은 낮은 임금 문제로 계약직 약사를 채용했고, 근로자의 연봉 인상 요구 및 강원도지사의 승인 문제 등으로 근로관계를 계속 유지하기 어려운 상황이었음.
- 따라서 근로자에게 근로계약 기간 만료 후 계약이 갱신되어 계속 업무를 수행할 것에 대한 정당한 기대권이 인정되지 않음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2011. 4. 14. 선고 2007두1729 판결
참고사실
- 참가인은 정규직 약사 채용 시 낮은 임금 문제로 계약직 약사를 채용하기로 결정함.
- 근로자는 참가인의 연봉 인상 제안을 거부하고 기존 연봉보다 훨씬 높은 연봉 인상을 요구함.
검토
- 본 판결은 기간제 근로자의 갱신기대권 인정 여부를 판단함에 있어 근로계약서의 문언, 인사규정의 내용, 갱신 횟수, 채용 경위 및 관행, 당사자 간의 신뢰관계 형성 여부 등 다양한 사정을 종합적으로 고려하여 판단하고 있음을 보여줌.
- 특