서울중앙지방법원 | 2018-04-05 | 2017가단5067564
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
언론 보도에 의한 명예훼손 및 손해배상 책임 인정 여부
결과 요약
- 회사들은 공동하여 근로자에게 1,000만 원과 이에 대한 지연손해금을 지급함.
- 근로자의 회사들에 대한 나머지 청구는 기각됨.
- 소송비용 중 80%는 근로자가, 20%는 회사들이 각 부담함.
사실관계
- 피고 B는 피고 C 소속 기자로서 2017. 3. 14. 제1기사("D")와 제2기사("E")를 작성함.
- 제2기사 중 원고 관련 부분은 "내부고발자로 유명한 새노조의 한 관계자는 회사에 휴직계를 내고 정치활동에 매진하면서 정당입성을 노리는 행보가 아니냐는 의혹이 일고 있다"는 내용임.
- 근로자는 F 직원이자 전 F 새노조 위원장으로, 2012. 4. 30. G 투표 관련 F의 부당행위에 대해 공익신고를 함.
- 근로자는 2012. 5. 9. F로부터 출퇴근 왕복 5시간이 소요되는 I지사로 전보발령을 받음.
- 근로자는 2012. 5. 22. 국민권익위원회에 위 전보발령이 공익신고를 이유로 한 불이익조치라며 보호조치를 신청함.
- 국민권익위원회는 2012. 8. 27. 근로자가 불이익 처분을 받은 것으로 판단, F에 근로자의 거주지를 고려한 근거리 근무지 전보 조치를 요구하는 보호조치 결정을 함(이후 F의 소송으로 취소됨).
- F가 전보발령을 유지하자 근로자는 2012. 10. 15. 병가 신청을 하였으나 불승인되어 19일간 무단결근함.
- 근로자는 2012. 12. 5. 및 그 다음날 조퇴 불승인에도 불구하고 시상식 참석을 위해 무단 조퇴함.
- F는 2012. 12. 28. 징계위원회를 거쳐 2012. 12. 31. 근로자를 해임함.
- 근로자는 2013. 1. 10. 다시 국민권익위원회에 위 해임이 공익신고를 이유로 한 불이익조치라며 보호조치를 신청함.
- 국민권익위원회는 2013. 4. 22. 위 해임이 불이익 처분에 해당한다고 판단, F에 원고 해임 취소 및 원상회복을 요구하는 보호조치를 함.
- F는 국민권익위원회를 상대로 행정소송을 제기하였으나, 법원은 F가 공익신고를 한 근로자를 퇴출시키기 위해 원거리 전보 후 병가 불승인, 무단결근 처리, 해임한 것으로 보인다고 판단하여 F 패소 판결을 내림.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
언론보도에 의한 명예훼손 성립 여부 및 손해배상 책임
- 법리: 언론보도에 의한 명예훼손은 피해자의 사회적 평가를 저하시킬 만한 구체적인 사실의 적시가 있어야 하며, 이는 직접적 표현뿐 아니라 간접적, 우회적 표현으로도 가능함. 기사의 명예훼손 여부는 일반 독자가 기사의 전체적인 취지, 객관적 내용, 사용된 어휘, 문구 연결 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 판단해야 함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울중앙지방법원 판결
사건: 2017가단5067564 손해배상(기) 원고: A 피고: 1. B 2. 주식회사 C 변론종결: 2018. 3. 15. 판결선고: 2018. 4. 5.
1. 피고들은 공동하여 원고에게 10,000,000원과 이에 대하여 2017. 3. 14.부터 2018. 4. 5.까지는 연 5%, 그 다음날부터 다 갚는 날까지는 연 15%의 각 비율로 계산한 돈을 지급하라. 2. 원고의 피고들에 대한 나머지 청구를 모두 기각한다. 3. 소송비용 중 80%는 원고가, 20%는 피고들이 각 부담한다. 4. 제1항은 가집행할 수 있다.
1. 인정사실 가. 피고 B는 피고 주식회사 C(이하 'C'라고 한다) 소속 기자로서 2017. 3. 14. "D"라는 제하의 별지 기재 기사(이하 '제1기사'라 한다)와 "E"이라는 제하의 기사(이하 '제2기사'라 한다)를 작성하였다. 제2기사 중 원고와 관련된 부분은 "내부고발자로 유명한 새노조의 한 관계자는 회사에 휴직계를 내고 정치활동에 매진하면서 정당입성을 노리는 행보가 아니냐는 의혹이 일고 있다"는 부분이다. 나. 한편, 원고는 F 직원이자 전 F 새노조 위원장으로 2012. 4. 30. G투표와 관련하여 F의 부당행위에 관하여 공익신고를 하였다가 2012. 5. 9. F로부터 종전 근무지인 서울 H지사에서
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\ubcf5\uc9c1\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \uc774\ub294 \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc \uc9d5\uacc4\ub294 \ub9c8\ub545\ud558\ub098 \ud574\uc784\uc774 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud588\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**: \uc704 \uae30\uc0ac \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \ud5c8\uc704\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0 \ud574\uc784\uc758 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \uacf5\uc775\uc2e0\uace0\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c F\uc758 \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \ucc98\ubd84\uc774\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud574\uc784 \ucde8\uc18c\ub294 F\uac00 \uad6d\ubbfc\uad8c\uc775\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \ud55c \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\uc18c\ud588\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc784.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc \uc9d5\uacc4\ub294 \ub9c8\ub545\ud558\ub098 \ud574\uc784\uc774 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \ubcf5\uc9c1 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, F\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud574\uc784\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uacf5\uc775\uc2e0\uace0\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uad6d\ubbfc\uad8c\uc775\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \ubcf4\ud638\uc870\uce58\uac00 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc784.\n- **\ud53c\uace0 B\uc758 \uacfc\uc2e4**: \ud53c\uace0 B\ub294 \uc57d\uac04\uc758 \ud655\uc778 \uc808\ucc28\ub098 \uacfc\uac70 \uae30\uc0ac \uac80\uc0c9\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uae30\uc0ac \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \ud5c8\uc704\uc784\uc744 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uae30\uc6b8\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ub97c \ud6fc\uc190\ud568.\n- **\ucc45\uc784**: \uae30\uc0ac\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud55c \ud53c\uace0 B\uc640 \uadf8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc778 \ud53c\uace0 C\ub294 \uacf5\ub3d9\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc785\uc740 \uc815\uc2e0\uc801 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \ubc30\uc0c1\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\uc81c1\uae30\uc0ac \uc911 \uadf8 \uc678 \ubd80\ubd84**:\n- **\uae30\uc0ac \ub0b4\uc6a9**: F\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uac10\ubd09 1\uac1c\uc6d4 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ub0b4\ub838\uc73c\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uad6d\ubbfc\uad8c\uc775\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc81c\uc18c\ud558\uc5ec F\uac00 \uacbd\uc9d5\uacc4\ub9c8\uc800 \ucca0\ud68c\ud560 \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**: \uc704 \uae30\uc0ac \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc0c1\ub2f9 \ubd80\ubd84 \uc65c\uace1\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \uadf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \uc800\ud558\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ubd80\ubd84\ub3c4 F\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc774\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0 \uc8fc\ubcc0 \uc18c\ubb38\uc744 \uc804\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ub3c4\uc5ec\uc11c \ud5c8\uc704\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \uc800\ud558\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc815\ub3c4\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ucc45\uc784\uc758 \uadfc\uac70\ub85c \uc0bc\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\uc81c2\uae30\uc0ac \uad00\ub828 \ubd80\ubd84**:\n- **\uae30\uc0ac \ub0b4\uc6a9**: \ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790\ub85c \uc720\uba85\ud55c \uc0c8\ub178\uc870\uc758 \ud55c \uad00\uacc4\uc790\uac00 \ud734\uc9c1\ud558\uace0 \uc815\uce58\ud65c\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub9e4\uc9c4\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\ub2f9 \uc785\uc131\uc744 \ub178\ub9ac\ub294 \ud589\ubcf4\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub0d0\ub294 \uc758\ud639\uc774 \uc77c\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**: \uc774 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uae30\uc0ac\ub85c \uc778\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ud3c9\uac00\uac00 \uc800\ud558\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2007. 12. 27. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub2e429379 \ud310\uacb0\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704, \uc5b8\ub860 \uc885\uc0ac\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc5ed\ud560 \ubc0f \ucc45\uc784, \uae30\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c \ud45c\ud604 \ubc29\ubc95 \ubc0f \uc758\ub3c4 \ub4f1 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubcc0\ub860\uc5d0 \ub098\ud0c0\ub09c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\uc2e0\uc801 \uc190\ud574\uc561\uc744 1,000\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud568.\n- \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08\uc740 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\uc77c\uc778 2017. 3. 14.\ubd80\ud130 \ud310\uacb0 \uc120\uace0\uc77c\uc778 2018. 4. 5.\uae4c\uc9c0\ub294 \uc5f0 5%, \uadf8 \ub2e4\uc74c\ub0a0\ubd80\ud130 \ub2e4 \uac1a\ub294 \ub0a0\uae4c\uc9c0\ub294 \uc5f0 15%\uc758 \uac01 \ube44\uc728\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc5b8\ub860\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc640 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uba85\uc608 \ubcf4\ud638\ub77c\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac00\uce58 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc810\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \uc5b8\ub860 \ubcf4\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \ud655\uc778 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \uacf5\uc775\uc2e0\uace0\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ubcf4\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc2e0\uc911\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4 \ud655\uc778\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uae30\uc0ac\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \ud5c8\uc704\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc65c\uace1\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc624\uc778\ud558\uac8c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub3c4\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190\uc774 \uc131\ub9bd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \uacf5\uc775\uc2e0\uace0\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \ucc98\ubd84\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc0ac\uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b8\ub860\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uacfc \ucc45\uc784\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uacbd\uac01\uc2ec\uc744 \uc77c\uae68\uc6b0\ub294 \ud310\uacb0\uc784."}
- 판단:
- 제1기사 중 해임 관련 부분:
- 기사 내용: 근로자가 무단결근, 무단조퇴 등 근무태만으로 해임되었고, 법원 판결로 복직되었으나 이는 무단결근 징계는 마땅하나 해임이 과도했기 때문이라는 내용.
- 법원의 판단: 위 기사 내용은 허위임.
- 원고 해임의 실질적 이유는 공익신고자에 대한 F의 불이익 처분이었음.
- 근로자의 해임 취소는 F가 국민권익위원회를 상대로 한 행정소송에서 패소했기 때문임.
- 법원이 근로자의 무단결근 징계는 마땅하나 해임이 과도했다고 판단하여 복직 처분을 한 것이 아니라, F가 근로자를 해임한 것이 공익신고자에 대한 불이익 처분에 해당하여 국민권익위원회의 보호조치가 정당하다고 보았기 때문임.
- 피고 B의 과실: 피고 B는 약간의 확인 절차나 과거 기사 검색만으로도 기사 내용이 허위임을 충분히 알 수 있었음에도 그러한 노력을 기울이지 않아 근로자의 명예를 훼손함.
- 책임: 기사를 작성한 피고 B와 그 사용자인 피고 C는 공동하여 근로자가 입은 정신적 손해를 배상할 의무가 있음.
- 제1기사 중 그 외 부분:
- 기사 내용: F가 근로자에게 감봉 1개월 처분을 내렸으나 근로자가 국민권익위원회에 제소하여