서울행정법원 | 2019-11-29 | 2019구합60462
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
수입축산사업부 폐지에 따른 근로관계 종료가 해고에 해당하는지 여부
결과 요약
- 근로자의 수입축산사업부 폐지에 따른 참가인들과의 근로관계 종료는 근로자의 일방적인 의사에 따른 해고에 해당하며, 해고 절차가 위법하여 부당해고로 판단됨.
- 근로자의 재심판정 취소 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 농·수·축산물 유통판매업 등을 영위하는 회사이며, 참가인 C과 B는 2016년 10월경 근로자의 수입축산사업부 부장 및 과장으로 입사함.
- 근로자는 2018. 6. 14. 수입축산사업부를 2018. 6. 30.자로 폐지하기로 결정하고 이를 참가인들에게 통보함.
- 근로자는 2018. 7. 2. 참가인들의 4대 보험 피보험자 자격상실 신고를 '권고사직'으로 처리함.
- 참가인들은 2018. 8. 22. 해당 근로관계 종료가 부당해고에 해당한다고 주장하며 서울지방노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였고, 서울지방노동위원회는 2018. 10. 19. 부당해고를 인정하는 초심판정을 내림.
- 근로자는 중앙노동위원회에 재심신청을 하였으나, 중앙노동위원회는 2019. 2. 12. 근로자의 재심신청을 기각하는 재심판정을 내림.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로관계 종료가 해고에 해당하는지 여부
- 근로자는 수입축산사업부 폐지 시 참가인들에게 국내사업 부서로의 배치전환을 권유하였으나 참가인들이 이를 거절하고 자발적으로 사직하였으므로 해고에 해당하지 않는다고 주장함.
- 법원은 원고와 참가인들 사이의 근로관계는 근로자의 일방적인 의사에 따라 종료되었다고 판단함.
- 판단 근거:
- I 부장의 진술 번복: 원고 재직 시 작성한 사실확인서(배치전환 제안 및 거절 내용 포함)는 근로자의 강요와 지시로 작성되었으며, 퇴직 후에는 배치전환 계획이 없었다고 진술을 번복함.
- J, K의 사실확인서 신뢰성 부족: I으로부터 전해 들은 내용에 기초하고 있으며, 초심판정 직후 작성된 점 등을 고려할 때 신뢰하기 어려움.
- 구체적인 배치전환 제안 증거 없음: 근로자가 참가인들에게 국내축산사업부에서의 업무나 역할을 구체적으로 제시하거나 인사명령을 하였음을 인정할 만한 증거가 없음.
- 참가인들의 이해: 참가인들이 2018. 5. 31.경 E에게 보낸 편지나 E이 2018. 7. 3.경 참가인 C에게 보낸 편지 내용에 비추어 볼 때, 참가인들은 수입축산사업부 폐지가 곧 근로관계 종료를 의미하는 것으로 이해하고 있었음.
- 업무상 이유로 배치전환 거절의 어려움: 참가인들이 기존에도 국내산 축산물 영업 및 거래를 일부 담당해왔으므로, 국내축산사업부로의 배치전환 제안이 있었다면 이를 거절할 만한 업무상의 이유를 찾아보기 어려움.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제3부 판결
사건: 2019구합60462 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고: 주식회사 A 소송대리인 변호사 송지영 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: 1. B 2. C 변론종결: 2019. 10. 25. 판결선고: 2019. 11. 29.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 원고는 농·수· 축산물과 기타 특산물의 유통판매업, 수출입업 등을 영위하는 회사이다. 참가인 C은 2016. 10. 1. 원고에 입사하여 수입축산사업부 부장으로, 참가인 B는 2016. 10. 27. 원고에 입사하여 수입축산사업부 과장으로 근무하던 사람들이다. 나. 원고는 2018. 6. 14. 수입축산사업부를 2018. 6. 30.자로 폐지하기로 결정하고 이를 참가인들에게 통보하였다. 원고는 2018. 7. 2. 상실일을 '2018. 7. 1.'로, 상실사유를'권고사직'으로 하여 참가인들의 4대 보험 피보험자 자격상실 신고를 하였다(이하 원고와 참가인들의 2018. 6. 30.경 근로관계 종
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\ud68c\uc0ac\uc774\uba70, \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uacfc B\ub294 2016\ub144 10\uc6d4\uacbd \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc218\uc785\ucd95\uc0b0\uc0ac\uc5c5\ubd80 \ubd80\uc7a5 \ubc0f \uacfc\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc785\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2018. 6. 14. \uc218\uc785\ucd95\uc0b0\uc0ac\uc5c5\ubd80\ub97c 2018. 6. 30.\uc790\ub85c \ud3d0\uc9c0\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacb0\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2018. 7. 2. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 4\ub300 \ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud53c\ubcf4\ud5d8\uc790 \uc790\uaca9\uc0c1\uc2e4 \uc2e0\uace0\ub97c '\uad8c\uace0\uc0ac\uc9c1'\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 2018. 8. 22. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2018. 10. 19. \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ucd08\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9bc.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2019. 2. 12. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9bc.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc\uac00 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc218\uc785\ucd95\uc0b0\uc0ac\uc5c5\ubd80 \ud3d0\uc9c0 \uc2dc \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uad6d\ub0b4\uc0ac\uc5c5 \ubd80\uc11c\ub85c\uc758 \ubc30\uce58\uc804\ud658\uc744 \uad8c\uc720\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774\ub97c \uac70\uc808\ud558\uace0 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\uc81c\ucd9c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc11c\ub97c \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ucc44 4\ub300 \ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud53c\ubcf4\ud5d8\uc790 \uc790\uaca9\uc0c1\uc2e4 \uc2e0\uace0\ub97c \ub9c8\uce68.\n- **\uc7ac\uace0\uc815\ub9ac \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8:** \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc774 2018. 7. 20.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc7ac\uace0\uc815\ub9ac \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \ub3c4\uc6b4 \uac83\uc740 \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \uce5c\ubd84 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uae30\ucd08\ud55c \uc794\uc5ec \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ubd04\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\uacb0\ub860:** \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \ud574\uace0\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub418\uba70, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \ud574\uace0\uc2dc\uae30\uc758 \uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc808\ucc28\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870 (\ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0)\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc\uc758 \uc131\uaca9\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac, \uc81c\ubc18 \uc815\ud669, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uad00\ub828\uc790 \uc9c4\uc220\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \ud310\ub2e8\uc744 \ub0b4\ub838\uc74c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 '\uc790\ubc1c\uc801 \uc0ac\uc9c1' \ub610\ub294 '\ubc30\uce58\uc804\ud658 \uac70\uc808'\uc758 \uc9c4\uc704 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574, \uad00\ub828\uc790\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220 \ubc88\ubcf5 \uc5ec\ubd80, \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc81c\uc548\uc758 \uc720\ubb34, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34 \ud2b9\uc131 \ubc0f \uc774\ud6c4 \ud589\uc801 \ub4f1\uc744 \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc30\ucc99\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ub428.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\uac00\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uc99d\uba85\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uba70 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud55c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\ub41c \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568."}
- 사직서 미제출: 근로자가 사직서 제출을 요구하였음에도 참가인들이 사직서를 제출하지 않았고, 근로자는 사직서를 받지 않은 채 4대 보험 피보험자 자격상실 신고를 마침.
- 재고정리 업무 지원의 의미: 참가인 C이 2018. 7. 20.까지 재고정리 업무를 도운 것은 사직 의사표시로 보기 어렵고, 친분 관계에 기초한 잔여 업무 지원으로 봄이 상당함.
- 결론: 근로자가 참가인들을 해고한 것으로 판단되며, 근로기준법 제27조에 따른 해고사유와 해고시기의 서면 통지의무를 이행하지 않아 절차적으로 위법한 부당해고에 해당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 근로기준법 제27조 (해고의 서면 통지)
검토
- 본 판결은 근로관계 종료의 성격을 판단함에 있어 사용자의 주장뿐만 아니라 근로자의 의사, 제반 정황, 그리고 관련자 진술의 신뢰성 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 실질적인 판단을 내렸음.
- 특히, 사용자가 주장하는 '자발적 사직' 또는 '배치전환 거절'의 진위 여부를 판단하기 위해, 관련자의 진술 번복 여부, 구체적인 제안의 유무, 근로자의 업무 특성 및 이후 행적 등을 면밀히 검토하여 사용자의 주장을 배척한 점이 주목됨.
- 이는 사용자가 근로관계 종료의 책임을 근로자에게 전가하려는 시도에 대해 법원이 엄격한 증명을 요구하며 근로