서울중앙지방법원 | 2019-06-13 | 2019노176
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
업무상배임죄 성립 여부 및 양형 부당 판단
결과 요약
- 피고인의 업무상배임죄 유죄를 인정하고, 원심의 벌금 50만 원 형량이 적정하다고 판단하여 피고인과 검사의 항소를 모두 기각함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 한국마사회 직원으로, 상사의 승인 하에 법인카드를 이용해 '카드깡' 방식으로 현금을 마련, G와 L에게 지급함.
- 피고인은 이 행위가 피해자(한국마사회)의 이익을 위한 것이며 업무상배임의 고의나 불법이득의사가 없었다고 주장함.
- 검사는 피고인이 현수막 제작 대금을 부풀려 청구하게 하고, 법인카드로 '카드깡'하여 현금을 마련, 제3자에게 지급한 점을 들어 사실오인 및 법리오해를 주장함.
- 원심은 피고인의 일부 행위(현수막 대금 부풀리기, 일부 카드깡)에 대해 증거 부족으로 무죄를 선고함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
업무상배임죄의 고의 및 불법이득의사 유무
- 법리: 업무상배임죄는 타인의 사무를 처리하는 자가 임무에 위배하는 행위로 재산상 이익을 취득하거나 제3자로 하여금 취득하게 하여 본인에게 손해를 가함으로써 성립함. 임무 위배 행위는 법률, 계약, 신의칙상 기대되는 행위를 하지 않거나 하지 않아야 할 행위를 함으로써 본인과의 신임관계를 저버리는 일체의 행위를 포함하며, 행위자가 본인을 위한다는 의사를 가졌더라도 그 목적과 취지가 법령이나 사회상규에 위반된 위법한 행위라면 배임죄 성립에 영향이 없음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고인의 '카드깡' 행위는 여신전문금융업법에 의해 금지되는 행위임.
- 피고인의 행위 목적은 E경마장 이전에 반대하는 사람들에 대항하는 세력을 규합하여 이전을 실현하려는 '여론 조작'으로 보이며, 이는 한국마사회의 설립 목적(경마의 공정한 시행, 말산업 육성, 국민 복지 증진)에 비추어 사회상규상 허용될 수 없음.
- 피고인의 행위는 피해자의 '법인카드 관리 및 사용지침'에도 위반됨.
- 피고인 스스로도 '카드깡' 행위의 위법성을 인식하고 있었음.
- 따라서 피고인에게 업무상배임의 고의 또는 불법이득의사가 인정되며, 피고인의 주장은 이유 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2002. 7. 22. 선고 2002도1696 판결
- 여신전문금융업법
- 한국마사회법
검사의 사실오인 내지 법리오해 주장 (무죄 부분)
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인 및 검사의 항소를 모두 기각한다.
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\ud53c\ud574\uc790(\ud55c\uad6d\ub9c8\uc0ac\ud68c)\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uba70 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ubc30\uc784\uc758 \uace0\uc758\ub098 \ubd88\ubc95\uc774\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \uac80\uc0ac\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \ud604\uc218\ub9c9 \uc81c\uc791 \ub300\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\ud480\ub824 \uccad\uad6c\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uace0, \ubc95\uc778\uce74\ub4dc\ub85c '\uce74\ub4dc\uae61'\ud558\uc5ec \ud604\uae08\uc744 \ub9c8\ub828, \uc81c3\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\uae09\ud55c \uc810\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub9ac\uc624\ud574\ub97c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80 \ud589\uc704(\ud604\uc218\ub9c9 \ub300\uae08 \ubd80\ud480\ub9ac\uae30, \uc77c\ubd80 \uce74\ub4dc\uae61)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc99d\uac70 \ubd80\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uc758 \uace0\uc758 \ubc0f \ubd88\ubc95\uc774\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac \uc720\ubb34\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\ub294 \ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc0ac\ubb34\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uac00 \uc784\ubb34\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc81c3\uc790\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uc5ec \ubcf8\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uac00\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc131\ub9bd\ud568. \uc784\ubb34 \uc704\ubc30 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ubc95\ub960, \uacc4\uc57d, \uc2e0\uc758\uce59\uc0c1 \uae30\ub300\ub418\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac70\ub098 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\uc57c \ud560 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ubcf8\uc778\uacfc\uc758 \uc2e0\uc784\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc800\ubc84\ub9ac\ub294 \uc77c\uccb4\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uba70, \ud589\uc704\uc790\uac00 \ubcf8\uc778\uc744 \uc704\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uac00\uc84c\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \ubaa9\uc801\uacfc \ucde8\uc9c0\uac00 \ubc95\ub839\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc0c1\uaddc\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ub41c \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub77c\uba74 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4 \uc131\ub9bd\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 '\uce74\ub4dc\uae61' \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uc5ec\uc2e0\uc804\ubb38\uae08\uc735\uc5c5\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uae08\uc9c0\ub418\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ud589\uc704 \ubaa9\uc801\uc740 E\uacbd\ub9c8\uc7a5 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \ubc18\ub300\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud56d\ud558\ub294 \uc138\ub825\uc744 \uaddc\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\uc804\uc744 \uc2e4\ud604\ud558\ub824\ub294 '\uc5ec\ub860 \uc870\uc791'\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\ub9c8\uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc124\ub9bd \ubaa9\uc801(\uacbd\ub9c8\uc758 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uc2dc\ud589, \ub9d0\uc0b0\uc5c5 \uc721\uc131, \uad6d\ubbfc \ubcf5\uc9c0 \uc99d\uc9c4)\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc0c1\uaddc\uc0c1 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 '\ubc95\uc778\uce74\ub4dc \uad00\ub9ac \ubc0f \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc9c0\uce68'\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc704\ubc18\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c\ub3c4 '\uce74\ub4dc\uae61' \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ubc30\uc784\uc758 \uace0\uc758 \ub610\ub294 \ubd88\ubc95\uc774\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 7. 22. \uc120\uace0 2002\ub3c41696 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uc5ec\uc2e0\uc804\ubb38\uae08\uc735\uc5c5\ubc95\n- \ud55c\uad6d\ub9c8\uc0ac\ud68c\ubc95\n### \uac80\uc0ac\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778 \ub0b4\uc9c0 \ubc95\ub9ac\uc624\ud574 \uc8fc\uc7a5 (\ubb34\uc8c4 \ubd80\ubd84)\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**: \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc774 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\uac8c \ucc44\ud0dd\ud558\uc5ec \uc870\uc0ac\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub4e4 \ubc0f \uae30\ub85d\uc744 \ub300\uc870\ud574 \ubcfc \ub54c, \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc778\uc815\uacfc \uc774\uc5d0 \uae30\ucd08\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8(\ud604\uc218\ub9c9 \ub300\uae08 \ubd80\ud480\ub9ac\uae30 \ubc0f \uc77c\ubd80 \uce74\ub4dc\uae61\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubb34\uc8c4 \uc120\uace0)\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uac80\uc0ac\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- **\ud53c\uace0\uc778 \uce21 \uc591\ud615 \uc8fc\uc7a5**:\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc561\uc774 91\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc815\ucc45\uc801 \ubaa9\ud45c(E\uacbd\ub9c8\uc7a5 \uc774\uc804) \uc2e4\ud604\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub3d9\uae30 \ucc38\uc791.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \uc911\uc559\uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 '\uacac\ucc45' \ucc98\ubd84 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ub3d9\uc885 \ub610\ub294 \ubc8c\uae08\ud615 \ucd08\uacfc \uc804\uacfc \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc120\ucc98 \ud638\uc18c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \uc591\ud615 \uace0\ub824**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \ubc94\ud589\uc744 \ubd80\uc778\ud558\uba70 \uc798\ubabb\uc744 \ub258\uc6b0\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ubc94\ud589 \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \ubaa9\uc801\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc8c4\ucc45\uc774 \uac00\ubccd\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- 3\ud68c \ubc8c\uae08\ud615 \uc804\ub825 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc2b9\uc778 \ud558\uc5d0 \ubc94\ud589\uc744 \uc800\uc9c8\ub800\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ubc8c\uae08\ud615 \uc120\uace0 \uc2dc \uc911\uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815\uc0c1 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \uc591\ud615 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0 \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \uc5c6\uace0, \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc7ac\ub7c9 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \ub108\ubb34 \ubb34\uac70\uc6cc\uc11c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uc5d0\uc11c '\ubcf8\uc778\uc744 \uc704\ud558\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac'\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \ubc95\ub839\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc0c1\uaddc\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ub420 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uac00 \uc131\ub9bd\ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \ud2b9\ud788 '\uc5ec\ub860 \uc870\uc791'\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ubd88\ubc95\uc801\uc778 \uc218\ub2e8\uc740 \uae30\uad00\uc758 \uc124\ub9bd \ubaa9\uc801\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud569\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc0c1\uaddc\uc0c1 \uc6a9\uc778\ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc778\uce74\ub4dc \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub0b4\ubd80 \uaddc\uc815 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub3c4 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4 \uc131\ub9bd\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc2b9\uc778\uc744 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uadf8 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc774 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub41c \uc810\uc740 \uc870\uc9c1 \ub0b4 \ubd88\ubc95 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784 \uc18c\uc7ac\ub97c \uac00\ub9b4 \ub54c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \uc591\ud615 \ud310\ub2e8 \uc2dc \ubc94\ud589 \ubd80\uc778 \ud0dc\ub3c4, \uc804\uacfc \uc720\ubb34, \ubc94\ud589\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801 \ubc29\ubc95 \ubc0f \ubaa9\uc801 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud568\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud568."}
- 법원의 판단: 원심이 적법하게 채택하여 조사한 증거들 및 기록을 대조해 볼 때, 원심의 사실 인정과 이에 기초한 판단(현수막 대금 부풀리기 및 일부 카드깡에 대한 무죄 선고)은 정당하므로, 검사의 주장은 이유 없음.
참고사실
- 피고인 측 양형 주장:
- 피해액이 91만 원으로 적음.
- 피해자의 이익을 위한 정책적 목표(E경마장 이전) 실현을 위한 동기 참작.
- 피해자 중앙인사위원회로부터 '견책' 처분 받음.
- 동종 또는 벌금형 초과 전과 없음.
- 피해자 직원들이 선처 호소.
- 법원의 양형 고려:
- 피고인이 범행을 부인하며 잘못을 뉘우치지 않는 태도를 보임.
- 범행 방법과 목적에 비추어 죄책이 가볍지 않음.
- 3회 벌금형 전력 있음.
- 상사의 승인 하에 범행을 저질렀다는 주장은 신빙성이 없음.
- 벌금형 선고 시 중징계를 받을 수밖에 없다는 주장은 피해자 인사규정상 인정할 자료가 없음.
- 결론: 원심의 양형 조건에 변경이 없고, 합리적인 재량 범위를 벗어나 너무 무거워서 부당하다고 판단되지 않음.
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- 본 판결은 업무상배임죄에서 '본인을 위하는 의사'가 있었더라도 그 행위가 법령이나 사회상규에 위반될 경우 배임죄가 성립함을 명확히 함. 특히 '여론 조작'과 같은 불법적인 수단은 기관의 설립 목적에 부합하지 않으며, 사회상규상 용인될 수 없음을 강조함.
- 법인카드 사용에 대한 내부 규정 위반 여부도 배임죄 성립의 중요한 판단 근거가 될 수 있음을 시사함.
- 피고인이 상사의 승인을 주장했으나, 그 주장이 신빙성이 없다고 판단된 점은 조직 내 불법 행위에