서울남부지방법원 | 2018-11-02 | 2018가단208158
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
주식매수선택권 행사를 위한 '본인 책임 아닌 사유로 퇴직' 여부 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자의 주식매수선택권 행사 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 회사는 코스닥 상장회사이며, 근로자는 회사의 전 직원으로 2015. 9. 30. 정년퇴직 처리됨.
- 회사는 2015. 3. 13. 주주총회 결의를 통해 임직원들에게 주식매수선택권을 부여하기로 결정하고, 같은 날 근로자와 주식매수선택권 계약을 체결함.
- 계약 내용은 액면가 500원의 주식 40,000주를 1주당 1,700원에 2017. 3. 13.부터 2023. 3. 13.까지 행사할 수 있도록 함.
- 계약 당시 근로자가 사망하거나 그 밖에 근로자의 책임이 아닌 사유로 퇴임하거나 퇴직한 경우를 제외하고는 주주총회 결의일로부터 2년 이상 재임 또는 재직해야 주식매수선택권을 행사할 수 있으며, 정년에 따른 퇴임이나 퇴직은 근로자의 책임이 아닌 사유에 포함되지 않는 것으로 약정함.
- 근로자는 2018. 1. 19. 회사에게 주식매수선택권 행사를 통지함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
주식매수선택권 행사 요건 중 '본인의 책임이 아닌 사유로 퇴직한 경우'의 해석
- 주식매수선택권 제도는 임직원에게 경영성과 개선 및 기술혁신 동기를 부여하고 공로에 대한 합리적 보상을 위함.
- 상법은 주식매수선택권 부여 및 행사에 정관, 주주총회 특별결의, 2년 이상 재직 등의 요건을 엄격히 규정하며, 상장회사의 경우 상법 제542조의3에 따라 더욱 엄격히 규제함.
- 상법에서 정한 요건은 정관이나 주주총회 특별결의로도 완화할 수 없음(대법원 2011. 3. 24. 선고 2010다85027 판결 참조).
- 상장회사의 주식매수선택권은 주주, 투자자, 채권자 등에게 큰 영향을 미치므로, '근로자의 책임이 아닌 사유로 퇴임하거나 퇴직한 경우'는 제도의 취지에 부합하도록 신중하게 해석해야 함.
- 이는 단순히 근로자가 근로 의지가 있음에도 객관적 조건 미비로 퇴직하는 경우를 넘어, 피고 측의 부당해고와 같은 책임 있는 사유 또는 근로자에게 책임을 지울 수 없는 외부적 요인에 의해 근로를 제공하지 못하게 되는 경우를 의미함.
- 정년퇴직은 계약상 '근로자의 책임이 아닌 사유'에 포함되지 않음.
- 법원 판단: 근로자가 2015. 9. 30. 퇴직하게 된 것이 계약상 주식매수선택권을 예외적으로 인정할 만큼 '근로자의 책임이 아닌 사유로 퇴직한 경우'에 해당한다고 보기 어려움.
- 피고 취업규칙상 근로자의 정년퇴직일은 원칙적으로 2014. 9. 30.이며, 그 이후 근무는 회사와 근로자의 합의 및 인사위원회 결정에 따른 것임. 2015. 9. 30. 정년퇴직 인사명령은 회사가 근로자의 계속 근무를 원치 않는다는 의사표시로, 명백히 잘못되었다고 볼 수 없음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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\uccb4\uacb0\ud568.\n- \uacc4\uc57d \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \uc561\uba74\uac00 500\uc6d0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc2dd 40,000\uc8fc\ub97c 1\uc8fc\ub2f9 1,700\uc6d0\uc5d0 2017. 3. 13.\ubd80\ud130 2023. 3. 13.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud589\uc0ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud568.\n- \uacc4\uc57d \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc0ac\ub9dd\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uadf8 \ubc16\uc5d0 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ud1f4\uc784\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0\ub294 \uc8fc\uc8fc\ucd1d\ud68c \uacb0\uc758\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 2\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc7ac\uc784 \ub610\ub294 \uc7ac\uc9c1\ud574\uc57c \uc8fc\uc2dd\ub9e4\uc218\uc120\ud0dd\uad8c\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, **\uc815\ub144\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud1f4\uc784\uc774\ub098 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc57d\uc815\ud568.**\n- 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\ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0'\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub144\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\uc740 \uc6d0\uce59\uc801\uc73c\ub85c 2014. 9. 30.\uc774\uba70, \uadf8 \uc774\ud6c4 \uadfc\ubb34\ub294 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc640 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud569\uc758 \ubc0f \uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uacb0\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc784. 2015. 9. 30. \uc815\ub144\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc778\uc0ac\uba85\ub839\uc740 \ud68c\uc0ac\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ubb34\ub97c \uc6d0\uce58 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub85c, \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \uc798\ubabb\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc0c1\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c30\uc870 \uc81c5\ud56d \ub2e8\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc815\ub144\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud1f4\uc784\uc774\ub098 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc740 \ubcf8\uc778\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacc4\uc57d\uc740 \uc704 \uaddc\uc815\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ub2f4\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \uc57d\uc815\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 9. 30. \uc815\ub144\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc778\uc0ac\uba85\ub839\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0, 2015. 10. 1. \ud53c\uace0\uc640 6\uac1c\uc6d4\uac04\uc758 \uc790\ubb38\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud55c \ud6c4 2015. 10. 5. \ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c '\uc815\ub144\ud1f4\uc9c1'\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\uc7ac\ud55c \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc11c\ub97c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uc790\ubb38\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0\uc744 \uc870\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ub144\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc778\uc0ac\ubc1c\ub839\uc744 \uc218\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uac15\uc694\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc784\uc6d0\uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc758 \uc815\ub144 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc784\uc6d0\uc758 \uc784\uae30\ub294 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc640\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc815\ud574\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \ud68c\uc0ac\uac00 \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \uacc4\uc18d \uace0\uc6a9\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \ubd80\ub2f4\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub294 2016. 2. 29. \uc885\ub8cc\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc5ec \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 3. 24. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub2e485027 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uc0c1\ubc95 \uc81c340\uc870\uc7582 \ub0b4\uc9c0 4, \uc81c542\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c4\ud56d\n- \uc0c1\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c30\uc870 \uc81c5\ud56d \ub2e8\uc11c\n### \uc870\uac74 \uc131\ucde8 \ubc29\ud574 \uc758\uc81c \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 2\ub144 \uadfc\ubb34 \uc870\uac74\uc758 \uc131\ucde8\ub97c \ubc29\ud574\ud588\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c150\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc870\uac74\uc774 \uc131\ucde8\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc758\uc81c\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc608\ube44\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub2e8:** 60\uc138 \uc774\ud6c4\ub85c\uc11c \uc774\ubbf8 \uc815\ub144\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud55c \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc640 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc790\uc2e0\uc5d0\uac8c \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \uc815\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ub85c\ud560 \uad8c\ub9ac\uac00 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ub418\ub294 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \ub610\ud55c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ud6c4 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacc4\uc57d\ud55c \uac83\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc2e0\uc758\uc131\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc870\uac74 \uc131\ucde8\ub97c \ubc29\ud574\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c150\uc870\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc8fc\uc2dd\ub9e4\uc218\uc120\ud0dd\uad8c \uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uacfc \uc0c1\uc7a5\ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uaddc\uc81c \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba70, '\ubcf8\uc778\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0'\ub77c\ub294 \uc608\uc678 \uc870\ud56d\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc815\ub144\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc740 \uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc608\uc678 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c\uc678\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774\ub294 \uc0c1\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc\ub3c4 \uc77c\uce58\ud568\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc774 \uc790\ubc1c\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc11c \uc81c\ucd9c \ubc0f \uc790\ubb38\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ub4f1 \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \uacfc\uc815 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\uc74c\uc744 \uc9c0\uc801\ud558\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \uc784\uc6d0\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc758 \uc815\ub144 \uaddc\uc815 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc \uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc885\ub8cc\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec, 2\ub144 \uadfc\ubb34 \uc694\uac74 \ubbf8\ucda9\uc871\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \uacb0\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\uc2dd\ub9e4\uc218\uc120\ud0dd\uad8c \ubd80\uc5ec\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0, \uad00\ub828 \ubc95\ub839 \ubc0f \uacc4\uc57d \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud55c \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ud310\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784."}
- 상법 시행령 제30조 제5항 단서에 따라 정년에 따른 퇴임이나 퇴직은 본인의 책임이 아닌 사유에 포함되지 않으며, 해당 사안 계약은 위 규정과 동일한 내용을 담고 있어 근로자에게 지나치게 불리한 약정이라고 할 수 없음.
- 근로자는 2015. 9. 30. 정년퇴직 인사명령을 받고, 2015. 10. 1. 회사와 6개월간의 자문계약을 체결한 후 2015. 10. 5. 퇴직 사유를 '정년퇴직'으로 기재한 사직서를 제출함. 이는 자문계약 체결을 조건으로 정년퇴직 인사발령을 수용한 것으로, 강요에 의한 의사표시로 인정하기 어려움.
- 근로자가 임원이어서 취업규칙의 정년 규정이 적용되지 않는다는 주장을 받아들일 경우, 임원의 임기는 회사와의 계약에 따라 정해지는 것이며, 회사가 해고 사유 없이 계속 고용할 의무를 부담한다고 볼 수 없음. 근로자의 근로관계는 2016. 2. 29. 종료되는 것이므로, 회사가 새로이 근로계약을 체결하지 않았다고 하여 부당한 행위를 한 것으로 볼 수 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2011. 3. 24. 선고 2010다85027 판결
- 상법 제340조의2 내지 4, 제542조의3 제4항
- 상법 시행령 제30조 제5항 단서
조건 성취 방해 의제 여부