의정부지방법원 | 2019-12-05 | 2018구합16364
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
군인 보직해임 처분 취소 소송에서 비밀문서 분실 은폐 및 위조 지시 행위의 적법성
결과 요약
- 근로자의 보직해임 처분 취소 청구를 기각함.
- 소송비용은 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 1997. 3. 1. 육군 소위로 임관하여 2015. 6. 2.부터 B여단 C대대 대대장으로 근무하였고, 2015. 11. 1. 중령으로 진급함.
- 2016. 11. 24. C대대 자체 상호교차 보안점검 중 II급 비밀문서 일부 및 야전예규 일부가 비밀문서 바인더에 편철되어 있지 않은 것이 발견됨.
- 근로자는 비밀문서 분실 상황을 보고받았음에도 상관이나 상급 부대에 보고하지 않고, 2016. 11. 29. 있을 B여단 주관 보안감사를 앞두고 있었음.
- 근로자는 2016. 11. 25. 대책회의에서 E 중위 등에게 "복사가 가능하냐?", "복사하고 안 되면 제작이라도 해서 없어진 비밀문서를 똑같이 만들어라"고 지시하였고, L대대 대대장에게 직접 전화하여 해당 비밀문서들을 빌려달라고 요청함.
- E 중위 등은 근로자의 지시에 따라 빌려온 비밀문서를 스캔하여 출력하거나, 워터마크를 지우고 새로운 워터마크를 넣어 출력하는 방식으로 분실된 비밀문서 부분을 제작함.
- 근로자는 비밀문서 제작 과정을 직접 확인하고, 워터마크가 다른 경우 워터마크를 따로 출력하여 다시 인쇄하도록 지시하는 등 적극적으로 개입함.
- 2016. 11. 29. B여단 보안감사가 시행되었으나, 근로자는 비밀문서 분실 및 제작 사실을 감사원들에게 알리지 않음.
- 회사는 보직해임 심의위원회 의결을 거쳐 2017. 5. 10. 근로자를 C대대 대대장 보직에서 해임하는 처분(해당 처분)을 함.
- 근로자는 해당 처분에 불복하여 2017. 6. 1. 국방부 중앙군인사소청심사위원회에 소청하였으나, 2018. 8. 10. 기각됨.
- 근로자는 공문서위조죄나 공문서변조죄에 해당하지 않는 행위이며, 처분 사유가 존재하지 않아 위법하다고 주장함.
- 근로자는 관련 형사재판에서 공문서변조죄(택일적 죄명 공문서위조)로 기소되었으나, 2018. 3. 14. 제1심(제6군단 보통군사법원 2017고39호)에서 무죄 판결을 받았고, 2018. 11. 15. 제2심(고등군사법원 2018노135호)에서도 항소 기각 판결을 받음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
보직해임 처분 사유의 적법성 및 형사재판 무죄 판결의 영향
- 법리: 군인사법 제17조 제1항 제3호는 '해당 직무를 수행할 능력이 없다고 인정되었을 경우' 장교를 보직에서 해임할 수 있다고 규정하며, 여기서 '해당 직무를 수행할 능력'은 업무상 필요한 전문성, 업무지식뿐만 아니라 해당 직무를 수행함에 있어 갖추어야 할 도덕적 자질도 포함함(대법원 2014. 10. 15. 선고 2012두5756 판결 참조). 보직해임은 잠정적이고 가처분적인 성격을 가지며, 형사재판과 그 절차의 목적, 내용 및 사유를 달리함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uad70\uc778 \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784 \ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ubc00\ubb38\uc11c \ubd84\uc2e4 \uc740\ud3d0 \ubc0f \uc704\uc870 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784 \ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n- \uc18c\uc1a1\ube44\uc6a9\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 1997. 3. 1. \uc721\uad70 \uc18c\uc704\ub85c \uc784\uad00\ud558\uc5ec 2015. 6. 2.\ubd80\ud130 B\uc5ec\ub2e8 C\ub300\ub300 \ub300\ub300\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc600\uace0, 2015. 11. 1. \uc911\ub839\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\uae09\ud568.\n- 2016. 11. 24. 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\uc9c1\ubb34\ub97c \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \uae30\ub300\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \ub300\ub300\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \ubaa8\ubc94\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud560 \ub3c4\ub355\uc801 \uc790\uc9c8\ub3c4 \uac16\ucd94\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud615\uc0ac\uc7ac\ud310\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb34\uc8c4 \uc120\uace0\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc740 E \uc911\uc704 \ub4f1\uc758 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uacf5\ubb38\uc11c\ubcc0\uc870\uc640 \uacf5\ubb38\uc11c\uc704\uc870\uc758 \ubc95\ub9ac\uc801 \uac1c\ub150\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubaa8\uc758\ub098 \uc9c0\uc2dc \uc5ec\ubd80\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\uc11c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8.\n- \ud615\uc0ac\uc7ac\ud310\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\ubb38\uc11c\ubcc0\uc870\uc8c4\ub098 \uacf5\ubb38\uc11c\uc704\uc870\uc8c4\uac00 \uc131\ub9bd\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud574\uc11c \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc124\ub839 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ube44\ubc00\ubb38\uc11c \uc81c\uc791 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ube44\ubc00\ubb38\uc11c \ubd84\uc2e4 \ud6c4 \ubbf8\uc2e0\uace0 \ubc0f \ubcf4\uc548\uc0ac\uace0 \uc740\ud3d0 \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c0\ud718\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac \ubbf8\ud761 \ubc0f \ucc45\ubb34 \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ub300\ub300\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc9c1\ubb34 \uc218\ud589 \uc790\uc9c8 \ubd80\uc871\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784\uc774 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\uad70\uc778\uc0ac\ubc95 \uc81c17\uc870(\ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784)**\n- \u2460 \uc7a5\uad50\uac00 \ub2e4\uc74c \uac01 \ud638\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \ud558\ub098\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud560 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\n- 3. \ud574\ub2f9 \uc9c1\ubb34\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 10. 15. \uc120\uace0 2012\ub4505756 \ud310\uacb0**: '\ud574\ub2f9 \uc9c1\ubb34\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \ub2a5\ub825'\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc804\ubb38\uc131, \uc5c5\ubb34\uc9c0\uc2dd \ub4f1\ub9cc\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud574\ub2f9 \uc9c1\ubb34\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uac16\ucd94\uc5b4\uc57c \ud560 \ub3c4\ub355\uc801 \uc790\uc9c8\ub3c4 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\ubd80\ub300\uad00\ub9ac\ud6c8\ub839 \uc81c5\uc870(\uc9c0\ud718\uad00\uc758 \ucc45\ubb34)**\n- \u2460 \ubd80\ub300\uc9c0\ud718\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ucc45\uc784\uc740 \uc9c0\ud718\uad00\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\ub2e4.\n- **\ubd80\ub300\uad00\ub9ac\ud6c8\ub839 \uc81c6\uc870(\uc9c0\ud718\uad00\uc758 \uc900\uc218\uc0ac\ud56d)**\n- \uc9c0\ud718\uad00\uc740 \ubd80\ub300\ub97c \uc9c0\ud718\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubc95\ub839\uacfc \uaddc\uc815, \uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\uad70\uc778\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ubc0f \ubcf5\ubb34\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uae30\ubcf8\ubc95 \uc81c22\uc870(\uc815\uc9c1\uc758 \uc758\ubb34)**\n- \uad70\uc778\uc740 \uba85\ub839\uc758 \ud558\ub2ec\uc774\ub098 \uc804\ub2ec, \ubcf4\uace0 \ubc0f \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub97c \ud560 \ub54c\uc5d0 \uc815\uc9c1\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- E \uc911\uc704, D \uc911\uc704, H \uc911\uc704, J \uc0c1\uc0ac, Q \uc77c\ubcd1 \ub4f1 \uad00\ub828\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220\uc774 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uba70, \uc11c\ub85c \ubd80\ud569\ud568.\n- E \uc911\uc704\ub294 \uae30\ubb34\ub300 \uc870\uc0ac \uc774\ub798 \ud5cc\ubcd1\ub300, \uac80\ucc30 \uc870\uc0ac \ubc0f \ud615\uc0ac\uc7ac\ud310 \uc99d\uc5b8\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uac8c \uc9c4\uc220\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\uac00\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud5c8\uc704 \uc9c4\uc220\uc744 \ud560 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uc784.\n- E \uc911\uc704\ub294 \ud574\ub2f9 \ub300\ub300\uc758 \uc815\ubcf4\uacfc\uc7a5\uc774\ub098 \uc791\uc804 \uc7a5\uad50\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc \uc5c6\uc774\ub294 \uc704\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud560 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud615\uc0ac\uc7ac\ud310\uc758 \ubb34\uc8c4 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uacf5\ubb38\uc11c\ubcc0\uc870\uc8c4 \ub610\ub294 \uacf5\ubb38\uc11c\uc704\uc870\uc8c4\uc758 \ubc95\ub9ac\uc801 \uac1c\ub150\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\uc600\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubaa8\uc758\ub098 \uc9c0\uc2dc \uc5ec\ubd80\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\uc11c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uad70 \uc9c0\ud718\uad00\uc758 \ub3c4\ub355\uc801 \uc790\uc9c8\uacfc \uc9c1\ubb34 \uc218\ud589 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud3ec\uad04\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc9c1\ud574\uc784\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud615\uc0ac\uc7ac\ud310\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubb34\uc8c4 \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ubc30\uc81c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ud589\uc815\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc7ac\ub7c9\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uacfc \ud615\uc0ac\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc720\ubb34\uc8c4 \ud310\ub2e8\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc9c0\ud718\uad00\uc758 \ubcf4\uace0 \uc758\ubb34 \ubc0f \ubcf4\uc548\uc0ac\uace0 \uc740\ud3d0 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc9c1\ubb34 \uc218\ud589 \ub2a5\ub825 \ubd80\uc871 \ubc0f \ub3c4\ub355\uc801 \uc790\uc9c8 \uacb0\uc5ec\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uba70, \uad70 \uc870\uc9c1\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uad70 \uc9c0\ud718\uad00\uc5d0\uac8c \uc694\uad6c\ub418\ub294 \ub192\uc740 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \ub3c4\ub355\uc131\uacfc \ucc45\uc784\uac10\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \ud310\uacb0\uc784."}
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는 비밀문서 분실 상황을 보고하지 않고, 분실된 비밀문서를 제대로 회수하지 못했으며, 분실된 비밀문서와 똑같은 비밀문서를 생산하도록 지시하여 보안사고를 은폐함.
- 이러한 행위는 C대대 지휘관으로서 법령과 규정, 제도를 준수하여 대대원들을 적정하게 지휘·통솔하고 정직하게 명령을 하달하고 보고 및 통보를 해야 할 책무를 다하지 못한 것임.
- 근로자에게 대대장으로서의 직무를 제대로 수행할 것을 기대하기 어렵고, 대대원들의 모범이 되어야 할 도덕적 자질도 갖추지 못했다고 판단하여 해당 처분 사유를 인정함.
- 근로자가 형사재판에서 무죄 선고를 받은 것은 E 중위 등의 행위가 공문서변조와 공문서위조의 법리적 개념에 해당하지 않았기 때문이며, 근로자의 모의나 지시 여부가 인정되지 않아서 무죄를 선고받은 것이 아님.
- 형사재판에서 공문서변조죄나 공문서위조죄가 성립되지 않는다고 판단했다고 해서 보직해임 사유가 인정되지 않는다고 볼 수 없음.
- 설령 근로자가 비밀문서 제작 지시를 하지 않았다 하더라도, 비밀문서 분실 후 미신고 및 보안사고