서울행정법원 | 2019-07-11 | 2018구합87859
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교원의 성희롱 해임처분 취소 소송: 징계 재량권 일탈·남용 여부
결과 요약
- 회사가 근로자에 대한 해임처분 취소 청구 사건에서 내린 기각 결정을 취소함.
- 소송비용 중 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고보조참가인이, 나머지는 회사가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2007. 2. 5. D대학 E캠퍼스 생명의약분석과 조교수로 임용됨.
- 참가인은 D대학을 설립·운영하는 학교법인임.
- 참가인 이사장은 근로자가 2017. 5. 19. 수업 중 성희롱적 발언 및 행위로 품위유지의무 및 성희롱금지의무를 위반하였다는 이유로 교원징계위원회에 징계의결을 요구함.
- 2018. 6. 26. 징계위원회가 근로자에 대한 해임을 의결하였고, 2018. 6. 29. 근로자에게 해임처분(해당 처분)이 내려짐.
- 근로자는 회사에게 해당 처분의 취소를 구하는 소청심사를 청구하였으나, 회사는 2018. 10. 10. 근로자의 청구를 기각하는 결정(해당 사안 결정)을 함.
- 근로자는 2017. 5. 19. G과 1학년 '공학기초' 수업시간에 학생들에게 남성과 여성의 신체 특징을 설명하며 "옷을 타이트하게 입은 여학생이 있느냐?"고 물어 피해학생을 지목하여 교단 앞으로 나오게 함.
- 근로자는 학생들이 피해학생의 옆모습을 볼 수 있도록 피해학생을 옆으로 돌려 세운 다음 학생들에게 근로자와 피해학생을 비교하게 함.
- 이후 한 남학생이 "배가 나왔습니다."라고 말하자, 근로자는 "여자가 아랫배가 나오면 임신을 못한다."고 말함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부 (성희롱 해당 여부)
- 법리: 성희롱은 지위를 이용하거나 업무 등과 관련하여 성적 언동 또는 성적 요구 등으로 상대방에게 성적 굴욕감이나 혐오감을 느끼게 하는 행위를 의미함. 성적 언동은 객관적으로 상대방과 같은 처지에 있는 일반적이고도 평균적인 사람으로 하여금 성적 굴욕감이나 혐오감을 느끼게 할 수 있는 행위를 의미하며, 행위자에게 반드시 성적 동기나 의도가 있어야 하는 것은 아님.
- 법원의 판단: 근로자의 행위는 객관적으로 피해학생과 같은 처지에 있는 일반적이고도 평균적인 사람이라면 성적 굴욕감이나 혐오감을 느낄 수 있는 행위이므로 성희롱에 해당함. 피해학생이 당시 교단 앞에서 부끄러워하고 수업 후 수치스럽고 창피하다며 울었으며, 증인으로 출석하여 성적 수치심을 느꼈다고 진술한 점 등을 고려함. 따라서 해당 징계사유는 인정됨.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 양성평등기본법 제3조 제2호
- 국가인권위원회법 제2조 제3호 (라)목
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 피고가 2018. 10. 10. 원고와 피고보조참가인 사이의 C 해임처분 취소 청구 사건에 서 한 결정을 취소한다. 2. 소송비용 중 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고보조참가인이 부담하고, 나머지는 피고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uc18c\uc1a1: \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uccad\uad6c \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \ub0b4\ub9b0 \uae30\uac01 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ucde8\uc18c\ud568.\n- \uc18c\uc1a1\ube44\uc6a9 \uc911 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774, \ub098\uba38\uc9c0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2007. 2. 5. D\ub300\ud559 E\ucea0\ud37c\uc2a4 \uc0dd\uba85\uc758\uc57d\ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \uc870\uad50\uc218\ub85c \uc784\uc6a9\ub428.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 D\ub300\ud559\uc744 \uc124\ub9bd\u00b7\uc6b4\uc601\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uad50\ubc95\uc778\uc784.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uc774\uc0ac\uc7a5\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2017. 5. 19. \uc218\uc5c5 \uc911 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc801 \ubc1c\uc5b8 \ubc0f \ud589\uc704\ub85c \ud488\uc704\uc720\uc9c0\uc758\ubb34 \ubc0f \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uae08\uc9c0\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uad50\uc6d0\uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud568.\n- 2018. 6. 26. \uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uc784\uc744 \uc758\uacb0\ud558\uc600\uace0, 2018. 6. 29. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84)\uc774 \ub0b4\ub824\uc9d0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ucde8\uc18c\ub97c \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \uccad\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2018. 10. 10. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uc815(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacb0\uc815)\uc744 \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2017. 5. 19. 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\uc784\uc2e0\uc744 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4.\"\uace0 \ub9d0\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80 (\uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80)\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac:** \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc740 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc5c5\ubb34 \ub4f1\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \uc131\uc801 \uc5b8\ub3d9 \ub610\ub294 \uc131\uc801 \uc694\uad6c \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc5d0\uac8c \uc131\uc801 \uad74\uc695\uac10\uc774\ub098 \ud610\uc624\uac10\uc744 \ub290\ub07c\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568. \uc131\uc801 \uc5b8\ub3d9\uc740 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ucc98\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc774\uace0\ub3c4 \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \uc131\uc801 \uad74\uc695\uac10\uc774\ub098 \ud610\uc624\uac10\uc744 \ub290\ub07c\uac8c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 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\uc9c4\uc220\ud55c \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud568. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uc591\uc131\ud3c9\ub4f1\uae30\ubcf8\ubc95 \uc81c3\uc870 \uc81c2\ud638\n- \uad6d\uac00\uc778\uad8c\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ubc95 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c3\ud638 (\ub77c)\ubaa9\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2007. 6. 14. \uc120\uace0 2005\ub4506461 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2018. 4. 12. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub45074702 \ud310\uacb0\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80 (\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80)\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac:** \uad50\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub9e1\uaca8\uc9c4 \uac83\uc774\ub098, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc704\ubc95\ud568. 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\ube44\ub09c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc801\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815:**\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5b8\ub3d9\uc740 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559\uc801 \uc131\uacfc \uc9c0\ubc29\uc870\uc9c1 \ubd84\ud3ec\uc591\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uac15\uc758 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uc131\uc801 \ub3d9\uae30\ub098 \uc758\ub3c4\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\ud574\ud559\uc0dd\uc740 \ubcc4\ub2e4\ub978 \uc2e0\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \ud559\uad50 \uc870\uc0ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc815 \uc9c4\uc220\uc5d0\uc11c \"\ub2f9\uc2dc \ubcf8\uc778\uc774 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc744 \ub2f9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0dd\uac01\uc740 \uc548 \ud588\uace0, \ub0a8\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9ce\uc740 \ub370\uc11c \ubab8\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ub2f9\ud558\ub2c8\uae4c \ucc3d\ud53c\ud55c \ub290\ub08c\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc77c\ubd80\ub7ec \ubcf8\uc778\uc744 \ub9dd\uc2e0\uc8fc\uac70\ub098 \uc131\uc801 \uc218\uce58\uc2ec\uc744 \uc8fc\ub824\uace0 \ubd88\ub7ec\ub0b8 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c\uae30\uc5d0 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc98\ubc8c\uc744 \uc6d0\uce58 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.\"\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud568.\n- \uc77c\ubd80 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc73c\ub85c \ub290\ub07c\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc2ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uc911\uacfc\uc2e4\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 \ubc0f \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uc784\uc740 '\ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc2ec\ud558\uace0 \uc911\uacfc\uc2e4\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub610\ub294 \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc57d\ud558\uace0 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0'\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \uc815\ub3c4, \ubc1c\uc0dd \uacbd\uc704, \ud53c\ud574 \uc815\ub3c4 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ud574\uc784\uc740 \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \ubb34\uac70\uc6b4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc784.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2003. 1. 24. \uc120\uace0 2002\ub4509179 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c88\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d [\ubcc4\ud45c 6] '\uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uae30\uc900'\n- \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uce59 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d [\ubcc4\ud45c] '\uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900'\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815 \uc2dc, \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uc131, \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4, \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \ud0dc\ub3c4 \ub4f1 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud589\uc704 \uc790\uccb4\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub9e5\ub77d, \uac00\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uc758\ub3c4(\uace0\uc758\uc131), \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uc8fc\uad00\uc801 \uac10\uc815 \ubc0f \ucc98\ubc8c \ubd88\uc6d0 \uc758\uc0ac \ub4f1\uc774 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc218\uc704 \uacb0\uc815\uc5d0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \ud488\uc704\uc720\uc9c0\uc758\ubb34\uc640 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \uc608\ubc29\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4, \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \uac00\ud639\ud558\uc5ec \ube44\ub840\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \uc2e0\uc911\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 대법원 2007. 6. 14. 선고 2005두6461 판결
- 대법원 2018. 4. 12. 선고 2017두74702 판결
징계양정의 적정 여부 (재량권 일탈·남용 여부)
- 법리: 교원에 대한 징계처분은 징계권자의 재량에 맡겨진 것이나, 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 재량권을 남용한 경우 위법함. 징계 내용이 객관적으로 명백히 부당하거나, 비례의 원칙 또는 평등의 원칙에 위반한 경우 재량권의 한계를 벗어난 것으로 봄.
- 법원의 판단: 해당 처분은 재량권의 범위를 일탈하였거나 재량권을 남용한 것으로 위법함.
- 근로자에게 불리한 사정: 근로자는 사립학교 교원이자 대학교수로서 높은 수준의 품위유지의무를 준수해야 하며, 2014. 12. 7.에도 성희롱 등으로 견책 징계처분을 받은 전력이 있어 비난 가능성이 적지 않음.
- 근로자에게 유리한 사정:
- 근로자의 언동은 생물학적 성과 지방조직 분포양상에 관한 강의 과정에서 발생한 것으로, 성적 동기나 의도가 있었던 것으로 보이지 않음.
- 피해학생은 별다른 신고를 하지 않았고, 학교 조사 및 법정 진술에서 "당시 본인이 성희롱을 당하고 있다는 생각은 안 했고, 남자들이 많은 데서 몸을 비교당하니까 창피한 느낌이 들었다. 근로자가 당시 일부러 본인을 망신주거나 성적 수치심을 주려고 불러낸 것이 아니라는 것을 알기에 근로자에 대한 처벌을 원치 않는다."고 진술함.
- 일부 학생들도