서울고등법원 | 2013-05-15 | 2012누17119
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
산학겸임교사의 갱신기대권 인정 및 갱신거절의 부당성 판단
결과 요약
- 피고 경기도가 근로자에게 한 갱신거절이 무효임을 확인하고, 피고 경기도의 항소를 기각함.
- 피고 경기도는 근로자에게 2010. 3. 1.부터 2011. 3. 31.까지의 임금 36,790,000원 및 지연손해금, 2011. 4. 1.부터 복직일까지 월 2,830,000원의 비율로 계산한 임금을 지급할 의무가 있음.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2005. 9. 1. 피고 경기도가 설립·운영하는 한국애니메이션고등학교에 B 과목 산학겸임교사로 채용되어 고용계약을 갱신하며 근무함.
- 피고 경기도는 2010. 2. 28. 원고와의 고용계약 기간 만료를 이유로 갱신을 거절함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
이 사건 고용계약이 기간의 정함이 없는 근로계약인지 여부
- 법리: 고용계약에 계약기간이 정해져 있더라도, 고용 유지 기간, 계약 갱신 경위와 횟수, 담당 업무 내용 등을 고려하여 정해진 계약기간이 형식에 불과하다고 볼 수 있는지 여부.
- 판단: 근로자가 주장하는 사정을 모두 고려하더라도 계약기간이 형식에 불과하다고 단정하기에 부족하며, 달리 이를 뒷받침할 자료가 없어 근로자의 주장을 받아들이지 않음.
갱신기대권 인정 여부
- 법리: 근로계약 갱신에 대한 정당한 기대권이 형성되었는지 여부는 계약 갱신 관련 규정, 계약 체결 경위, 근무 기간, 계약 갱신 실태, 업무 내용 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 판단함.
- 판단:
- 해당 학교의 '산학전공교사 선정 및 운영규정'에 재임용 관련 규정이 존재함.
- 근로자는 공개 채용에서 가장 우수한 성적을 얻어 합격하였고, 계약은 별다른 검증 절차 없이 2차례 갱신됨.
- 다른 산학겸임교사들도 근로자에 대한 갱신거절 전까지는 본인이 희망하는 한 계약 갱신이 거절된 바 없음.
- 근로자는 전일제로 필수 교과인 B 수업을 담당하였고, 일반교사와 유사한 학생 생활지도 및 행정 업무를 수행함.
- 위와 같은 사정을 종합할 때, 근로자에게는 고용계약이 갱신될 것이라는 정당한 기대권이 인정된다고 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 초·중등교육법 제22조: 교육과정 운영을 위해 필요하면 학교에 교원 외에 산학겸임교사 등을 둘 수 있으며, 그 종류·자격기준 및 임용 등에 필요한 사항은 대통령령으로 정함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 당심에서 변경된 청구에 따라 피고 경기도가 2010. 2. 28. 원고에게 한 갱신거절이 무효임을 확인한다. 2. 피고 경기도의 항소를 기각한다. 3. 소송총비용은 피고 경기도가 부담한다.
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\uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 B \uacfc\ubaa9 \ud3d0\uc9c0 \ubc0f \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\uc74c\uc545 \uacfc\ubaa9 \uc2e0\uc124\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc774 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 B \uacfc\ubaa9 \ud3d0\uc9c0 \ubc0f \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\uc74c\uc545 \uacfc\ubaa9 \uc2e0\uc124\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uac70\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc2e0\uc124 \uacfc\ubaa9\uc744 \uac00\ub974\uce60 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \ub2f9\uc2dc \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc774 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ubd88\uc131\uc2e4\ud558\uac8c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uace0, \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc601\uc0c1\uc2dc\uc124\ubb3c\uc744 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \ud6c4\uc784 \uad50\uc0ac \uc5c5\ubb34\uc5d0 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc744 \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ubd88\uc131\uc2e4\ud558\uac8c \uc9c4\ud589\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \ud589\ud0dc\ub294 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0 \uacbd\uae30\ub3c4\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc740 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\uc5ec \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uacb0\ub860 \ub0b4\ub9bc.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \uc774 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uacc4\uc57d\uae30\uac04\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801 \uc720\ubb34\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc131, \uac31\uc2e0 \uad00\ud589, \ub2f4\ub2f9 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc0b0\ud559\uacb8\uc784\uad50\uc0ac\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc9c1\uc885\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc95\ub839\uc0c1 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud574\ub2f9 \uc9c1\uc885\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc744 \ubd80\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud568.\n- \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\uac70\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc785\uc99d\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uc0ac\ud6c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\ub098 \ubd88\ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub85c\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568."}
- 초·중등교육법 시행령 제42조: 산학겸임교사 등의 종류, 자격기준, 임용절차를 규정하며, 영어회화 전문강사에 대해서만 기간을 1년 이내로 하되 4년 범위 내에서 연장할 수 있다고 규정할 뿐, 산학겸임교사의 임용 기간을 제한하는 규정은 없음.
- 판단: 산학겸임교사는 무기계약직으로도 채용될 수 있으므로, 산학겸임교사라는 이유만으로 갱신기대권을 갖지 못한다는 회사의 주장은 받아들일 수 없음.
- 판단: 회사가 2009년경 근로자에게 고용계약이 갱신되지 않을 수 있음을 알렸다는 주장에 대해, 관련 증거는 기간제법 시행에 따른 논의 사실만 인정할 뿐, 근로자의 갱신기대권을 소멸시킬만한 조치가 있었음을 인정할 증거가 없어 회사의 주장을 받아들이지 않음.
갱신거절에 정당한 사유가 인정되는지 여부
- 법리: 갱신거절에 정당한 사유가 있는지 여부는 객관적이고 합리적인 사유가 존재하는지, 사회통념상 상당하다고 인정되는지 여부를 판단함.
- 판단:
- 회사는 B 과목 폐지 및 컴퓨터음악 과목 신설로 인해 근로자의 갱신거절이 정당하다고 주장함. 그러나 회사가 제출한 증거만으로는 B 과목 폐지 및 컴퓨터음악 과목 신설이 확정되었다거나, 근로자가 신설 과목을 가르칠 능력이 없었다고 단정하기 어렵고, 당시 그러한 이유로 갱신거절이 이루어졌다고 인정하기 부족하다고 판단함.
- 회사는 근로자가 수업을 불성실하게 진행하고, 갱신거절 이후 영상시설물을 초기화하여 후임 교사 업무에 어려움을 주었다고 주장함. 그러나 근로자가 수업을 불성실하게 진행했다는 증거가 없고, 갱신거절 이후의 행태는 갱신거절의 정당한 사유가 될 수