서울서부지방법원 | 2013-11-14 | 2013가합30851
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
채권추심원의 근로자성 인정 및 퇴직금 지급 의무
결과 요약
- 회사는 근로자에게 퇴직금 49,053,859원 및 이에 대한 지연손해금을 지급함.
- 근로자의 나머지 청구는 기각함.
사실관계
- 회사는 신용정보업 허가를 받아 신용조사업, 채권추심업 등을 영위하는 회사임.
- 근로자는 2005. 6. 1. 피고와 채권추심 업무위임계약을 체결하고 채권추심 업무를 담당하다가 2012. 12. 31. 퇴사함.
- 근로자는 실질적으로 임금을 목적으로 종속적인 관계에서 회사에게 근로를 제공하였으므로, 회사는 근로자에게 근로기준법에 따른 퇴직금을 지급할 의무가 있다고 주장함.
- 회사는 근로자가 채권추심위임계약을 체결하고 업무를 수행한 수임인이며, 종속적인 관계에서 지휘·감독 하에 근로를 제공한 근로자가 아니므로 퇴직금 지급 의무가 없다고 다툼.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로기준법상 근로자성 판단 기준 및 근로자의 근로자성 인정 여부
- 근로기준법상 근로자에 해당하는지 여부는 계약의 형식보다 그 실질에 있어 근로자가 사업 또는 사업장에 임금을 목적으로 종속적인 관계에서 사용자에게 근로를 제공하였는지에 따라 판단함.
- 종속적인 관계가 있는지는 업무 내용을 사용자가 정하고 취업규칙 또는 복무(인사)규정 등의 적용을 받으며 업무 수행 과정에서 사용자가 상당한 지휘·감독을 하는지, 사용자가 근무시간과 근무장소를 지정하고 근로자가 이에 구속받는지, 노무제공자가 스스로 비품·원자재나 작업도구 등을 소유하거나 제3자를 고용하여 업무를 대행케 하는 등 독립하여 자신의 계산으로 사업을 영위할 수 있는지, 노무 제공을 통한 이윤의 창출과 손실의 초래 등 위험을 스스로 안고 있는지, 보수의 성격이 근로 자체의 대상적 성격인지, 기본급이나 고정급이 정하여졌는지 및 근로소득세의 원천징수 여부 등 보수에 관한 사항, 근로 제공 관계의 계속성과 사용자에 대한 전속성 유무와 그 정도, 사회보장제도에 관한 법령에서 근로자로서 지위를 인정받는지 등의 경제적·사회적 여러 조건을 종합하여 판단함.
- 법원은 근로자가 회사에게 종속적인 관계에서 근로를 제공하는 근로자에 해당한다고 판단함.
- 해당 업무위임계약은 위임관계라고 명시하였으나, 취업규칙을 갈음할 만한 사항과 징계해고나 정리해고 사유에 상응하는 해지 사유를 포함함.
- 회사는 근로자에게 사무실, 비품, 전산망 접속 권한, 신용정보업종사원증을 제공함.
- 근로자는 정해진 시간에 사무실로 출근하여 회사의 전산망에 접속하여 추심 업무를 수행하고, 외근 시 상관에게 보고하며, 매일 업무 내용을 입력하고 정해진 시간에 퇴근하거나 야근함.
- 회사는 근로자를 '부문장'으로 임명하여 채권추심원들의 실적 관리 및 보고, 교육, 워크샵 참석 등의 업무를 수행하게 하고, 부문장 업무평가제도에 따라 포상 또는 불이익을 줌.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울서부지방법원 제11민사부 판결
사건: 2013가합30851 퇴직금 청구의 소 원고: A 피고: B 주식회사 변론종결: 2013. 10. 24. 판결선고: 2013. 11. 14.
1. 피고는 원고에게 49,053,859원 및 이에 대하여 2013. 1. 15.부터 다 갚는 날까지 연 20%의 비율로 계산한 돈을 지급하라. 2. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 3. 소송비용은 피고가 부담한다. 4. 제1항은 가집행할 수 있다.
1. 기초사실 가. 피고는 1999. 11. 26. 금융위원회로부터 신용정보의 이용 및 보호에 관한 법률(이하 '신용정보법'이라고 한다)에 따른 신용정보업 허가를 받아 신용조사업, 채권추심 업 등을 영위하는 회사이다. 나. 원고는 2005. 6. 1. 피고와 사이에 채권추심에 관한 업무위임계약(이하 '이 사건 업무위임계약'이라고 한다)을 체결하고, 피고가 채권자들로부터 수임한 채권의 추심 업무를 담당하다가 2012. 12. 31.에 퇴사한 사람이다. [인정근거] 다툼 없는 사실, 갑 1 내지 4호증의 각 기재, 변론 전체의
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\ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c '\ubd80\ubb38\uc7a5'\uc73c\ub85c \uc784\uba85\ud558\uc5ec \ucc44\uad8c\ucd94\uc2ec\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc2e4\uc801 \uad00\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubcf4\uace0, \uad50\uc721, \uc6cc\ud06c\uc0f5 \ucc38\uc11d \ub4f1\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uace0, \ubd80\ubb38\uc7a5 \uc5c5\ubb34\ud3c9\uac00\uc81c\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud3ec\uc0c1 \ub610\ub294 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc90c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uadfc\ud0dc\uae30\ub85d\ubd80\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uace0 \ud300\uc7a5 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc9c1\ucc45\uc790\uac00 \ud655\uc778 \ub0a0\uc778\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\uc77c, \uc8fc\uac04, \uc6d4\uac04 \ucc44\uad8c\ud68c\uc218\ubaa9\ud45c\ub97c \uc124\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ub9e4\uc77c \ud68c\uc218\uc561\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0\ubc1b\uc544 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc2e4\uc801\uc744 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uace0, \uc2e4\uc801\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ucc44\uad8c\uc744 \ucc28\ub4f1 \ubc30\ubd84\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc8fc 1\ud68c \uc815\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc44\uad8c\ucd94\uc2ec \uad50\uc721\uc744 \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud558\uace0, \uace0\uc561 \ucc44\uad8c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ucd94\uc2ec \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ud558\uba70, \ubd88\ubc95\ucc44\uad8c\ucd94\uc2ec\ud589\uc704 \ubc29\uc9c0\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ubc95\ub960 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc804\ub2ec\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc218\ud589\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc804\ud654\ube44, \uc6b0\ud3b8\ubb3c \ubc1c\uc1a1\ube44, \uc99d\uba85\uc11c \ubc1c\uae09\ube44 \ub4f1 \uc81c\ubc18 \ucd94\uc2ec \uad00\ub828 \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 7\ub144 7\uac1c\uc6d4\uac04 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\uc18d\ub418\uc5b4 \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uba70, \ucd94\uc2ec \ud65c\ub3d9 \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc218\uc218\ub8cc\uc640 '\ubd80\ubb38\uc7a5'\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uae09 \uba85\ubaa9\uc758 \uc218\uc218\ub8cc\ub97c \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ube44\ub85d \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc18c\ub4dd\uc138\ub97c \ub0a9\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\ud68c\ubcf4\ud5d8\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc73c\uba70, \uc77c\ubd80 \ucc44\uad8c\ucd94\uc2ec\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \uacb8\uc5c5\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc81c3\uc790\ub97c \uace0\uc6a9\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\uace0, \ucc44\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc804\uc0b0\ub9dd\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc811\uc18d\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud3ec\uc0c1\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc744 \ub4a4\uc9d1\uae30\uc5d0 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2006. 12. 7. \uc120\uace0 2004\ub2e429736 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2009. 5. 14. \uc120\uace0 2009\ub2e46998 \ud310\uacb0\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc804 1\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 \ucd1d\uae09\uc5ec 78,671,056\uc6d0\uc744 \uc218\ub839\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc9c1\uae30\uac04\uc740 2005. 6. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2012. 12. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 7\ub144 214\uc77c\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc740 1\uc77c \ud3c9\uade0\uc784\uae08 215,537\uc6d0 \u00d7 30\uc77c \u00d7 (7\ub144 + 214\uc77c / 365\uc77c) = 49,053,859\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b0\uc815\ub428.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc885\uc18d \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc911\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud655\ub9bd\ub41c \ubc95\ub9ac\ub97c \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ucc44\uad8c\ucd94\uc2ec\uc6d0\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc678\ud615\uc0c1 \uc704\uc784\uacc4\uc57d \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \ub760\ub294 \uc9c1\uc885\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \uc815\ub3c4, \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc218\ud589 \ubc29\uc2dd, \ubcf4\uc218 \uc9c0\uae09 \ud615\ud0dc \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, '\ubd80\ubb38\uc7a5' \uc9c1\ucc45 \ubd80\uc5ec, \uc2e4\uc801 \ud3c9\uac00 \ubc0f \ucc44\uad8c \ubc30\ubd84, \uadfc\ud0dc \uad00\ub9ac, \uc5c5\ubb34 \uad00\ub828 \ube44\uc6a9 \uc9c0\uae09 \ub4f1 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \uc778\uc815\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc0ac\ud68c\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ubbf8\uac00\uc785, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc18c\ub4dd\uc138 \ub0a9\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc6b0\uc6d4 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc784\uc758\ub85c \uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uacb0\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc18c\uac00 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568."}
- 회사는 근로자에 대한 근태기록부를 작성하고 팀장 이상 직책자가 확인 날인함.
- 회사는 근로자에게 일일, 주간, 월간 채권회수목표를 설정하고 매일 회수액을 보고받아 업무실적을 구체적으로 평가하고, 실적에 따라 채권을 차등 배분함.
- 회사는 주 1회 정기적으로 채권추심 교육을 실시하고, 고액 채권의 경우 구체적인 추심 방법을 지시하며, 불법채권추심행위 방지를 위한 법률 내용을 전달함.
- 회사는 근로자의 업무수행과 관련된 전화비, 우편물 발송비, 증명서 발급비 등 제반 추심 관련 비용을 지급함.
- 근로자는 7년 7개월간 회사에게 전속되어 계속 근무하며, 추심 활동 결과에 따른 수수료와 '부문장'으로서의 기본급 명목의 수수료를 지급받음.
- 비록 근로자가 사업소득세를 납부하고 사회보험에 가입되어 있지 않았으며, 일부 채권추심원들이 겸업하거나 제3자를 고용하기도 했고, 채권자의 전산망에 직접 접속하거나 포상금을 받은 사실이 있으나, 이는 근로자성 판단을 뒤집기에 부족함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2006. 12. 7. 선고 2004다29736 판결
- 대법원 2009. 5. 14. 선고