서울행정법원 | 2020-09-10 | 2019구합79367
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
부당해고 구제신청 사건: 버스 운전기사 면직 통보 및 근로계약 갱신 거절의 적법성 판단
결과 요약
근로자의 청구를 기각함.
참가인 C에 대한 면직 통보는 절차적 위법으로 효력이 없고, 참가인 B에 대한 근로계약 갱신 거절은 합리적 이유가 없어 부당해고와 동일하게 효력이 없다고 판단함.
사실관계
근로자는 광역버스 여객운송업을 영위하는 법인으로, 2017. 3. 22. 별도 법인설립등기를 마침.
참가인 C은 2017. 1. 6., 참가인 B은 2016. 12. 12. E 주식회사에 입사 후 원고 소속 버스운전기사로 근무함.
근로자는 2019. 1. 5. 참가인 C에게 근로계약 만료를 통보했으나 2019. 1. 8. 복직 요청, 이후 2019. 2. 8. 면직 처리 통보(해당 면직 통보).
근로자는 2018. 11. 7. 참가인 B에게 근로계약 만료를 통보하고 재계약을 하지 않음(해당 근로계약 갱신거절).
참가인들은 이 사건 각 통보가 부당해고라고 주장하며 인천지방노동위원회에 구제를 신청했으나, 참가인 C은 구제신청 각하, 참가인 B은 구제신청 기각됨.
참가인들이 중앙노동위원회에 재심을 신청했고, 중앙노동위원회는 이 사건 각 통보를 모두 부당해고로 판단하여 구제신청을 인용함(해당 재심판정).
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
참가인 C에 대한 면직 통보의 적법성
쟁점: 참가인 C에 대한 면직 통보가 해고에 해당하는지, 해고에 해당한다면 절차적 정당성을 갖추었는지 여부.
법리:
해고는 근로자의 의사에 반하여 사용자의 일방적 의사에 의해 이루어지는 모든 근로계약관계의 종료를 의미함. 당연퇴직 사유가 근로관계의 자동소멸사유가 아닌 경우, 당연퇴직 처분은 근로기준법상 제한을 받는 해고로 보아야 함(대법원 1997. 2. 14. 선고 96다43904 판결 참조).
특정 사유가 징계해고 사유와 통상해고 사유 양쪽에 모두 해당하는 경우, 징계해고에 따른 소정의 절차를 거쳐야 하며, 징계절차를 생략할 수 없음(대법원 1994. 10. 25. 선고 94다25889 판결 등 참조).
취업규칙이 징계대상자에게 소명 기회를 부여하는 것은 징계권의 공정한 행사를 위한 중요한 의미를 가지므로, 이에 위반한 해고는 절차적 정의에 반하여 효력이 없음.
법원의 판단:
참가인 C의 복직 요청 조건(미근로기간 임금 및 전무 사과)은 사직 의사로 볼 수 없으므로, 해당 면직 통보는 근로자의 의사에 의한 근로관계 종료, 즉 해고에 해당함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제14부 판결
사건: 2019구합79367 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고: 주식회사 A 소송대리인 변호사 박영식 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: 1. B 소송대리인 법무법인 이평 담당변호사 임한결 2. C 소송대리인 법무법인 오월 담당변호사 곽예람 변론종결: 2020. 6. 25. 판결선고: 2020. 9. 10.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 원고는 E 주식회사의 지점으로 운영되다가 2017. 3. 22. 별도로 법인설립등기를 마치고 상시 근로자 약 110명을 사용하여 광역버스 여객운송업 등을 영위하고 있는 법인이다. 피고보조참가인(이하 '참가인') C은 2017. 1. 6., 참가인 B은 2016. 12. 12. E 주식회사에 입사하여 버스 운전기사로 근무하다가, 원고가 설립되면서 원고 소속 버스운전기사로 근무하였다. 나. 원고는 2019. 1. 5 참가인 C에 대하여 근로계약 만료를 통보하였다가 2019. 1. 8. 복직하여 계속 근무할 것을 요청하였고, 2019. 2. 8. 면직처리 되었음을 통보하였다(이하 '이 사건 면직 통
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E \uc8fc\uc2dd\ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc785\uc0ac \ud6c4 \uc6d0\uace0 \uc18c\uc18d \ubc84\uc2a4\uc6b4\uc804\uae30\uc0ac\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2019. 1. 5. \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub97c \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud588\uc73c\ub098 2019. 1. 8. \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc694\uccad, \uc774\ud6c4 2019. 2. 8. \uba74\uc9c1 \ucc98\ub9ac \ud1b5\ubcf4(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uba74\uc9c1 \ud1b5\ubcf4).\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2018. 11. 7. \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub97c \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud558\uace0 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808).\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \ud1b5\ubcf4\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uc778\ucc9c\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uad6c\uc81c\ub97c \uc2e0\uccad\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc740 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad \uac01\ud558, \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc740 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad \uae30\uac01\ub428.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc744 \uc2e0\uccad\ud588\uace0, \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uc778\uc6a9\ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815).\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uba74\uc9c1 \ud1b5\ubcf4\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uba74\uc9c1 \ud1b5\ubcf4\uac00 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0, \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**:\n- \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc885\ub8cc\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568. \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc790\ub3d9\uc18c\uba78\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uacbd\uc6b0, \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \ud574\uace0\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud568(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1997. 2. 14. \uc120\uace0 96\ub2e443904 \ud310\uacb0 \ucc38\uc870).\n- \ud2b9\uc815 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \ud1b5\uc0c1\ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720 \uc591\ucabd\uc5d0 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc18c\uc815\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uccd0\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc0dd\ub7b5\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1994. 10. 25. \uc120\uace0 94\ub2e425889 \ud310\uacb0 \ub4f1 \ucc38\uc870).\n- \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc774 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub300\uc0c1\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc18c\uba85 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc758 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \ud589\uc0ac\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc815\uc758\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc758 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc694\uccad \uc870\uac74(\ubbf8\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04 \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \uc804\ubb34 \uc0ac\uacfc)\uc740 \uc0ac\uc9c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uba74\uc9c1 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc885\ub8cc, \uc989 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 '3\uc77c \uc774\uc0c1 \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc \ubc0f \uc5f0\ub77d \ub450\uc808'\uc744 \uba74\uc9c1 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \ubc95\ub9ac\uac00 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uc784.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc740 2019. 1. 23. \uc774\ud6c4 \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc \ubc0f \uc5f0\ub77d \ub450\uc808 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uba74\uc9c1 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 \uba74\uc9c1 \uc0ac\uc720(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uaddc\uc815)\uc640 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc9d5\uacc4\uaddc\uc815)\ub294 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9(\uc77c\uc815 \uae30\uac04 \uc774\uc0c1 \ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc)\uc744 \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uba74\uc9c1 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \uc900\ud558\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uccd0\uc57c \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uba74\uc9c1 \ud1b5\ubcf4 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc38\uac00\uc778 C\uc5d0\uac8c \uc18c\uba85 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc704\ubc95\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1997. 2. 14. \uc120\uace0 96\ub2e443904 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 12. 27. \uc120\uace0 2002\ub4509063 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1995. 6. 30. \uc120\uace0 94\ub2e435350 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1994. 10. 25. \uc120\uace0 94\ub2e425889 \ud310\uacb0\n### \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc774 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc720\ub97c \uac16\ucd94\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**:\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \uac31\uc2e0\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\uba74 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc640 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2016. 11. 10. \uc120\uace0 2014\ub45045765 \ud310\uacb0 \ub4f1 \ucc38\uc870).\n- \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\uc720 \uc720\ubb34\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ubaa9\uc801, \uc131\uaca9, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704, \uc9c1\ubb34 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \uacbd\uc704, \uac31\uc2e0 \uc694\uac74 \ubc0f \uc808\ucc28 \uc6b4\uc6a9 \uc2e4\ud0dc, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \uc0ac\uc720 \ub4f1 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc774\uba70 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c\uc9c0\ub97c \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uba70, \uc99d\uba85\ucc45\uc784\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\uc74c(\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 10. 12. \uc120\uace0 2015\ub45044493 \ud310\uacb0 \ucc38\uc870).\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uc2ec\uc0ac \uc804 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub97c \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ud6c4 \uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \uac31\uc2e0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud55c \uc774\uc0c1, \uc0ac\uc804 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \ud558\uc790\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc5d0 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud3c9\uac00\ud45c\ub294 2018\ub144 \ucc98\uc74c \ub3c4\uc785\ub418\uc5b4 2019\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub3c4\uc785 \uc804\ud6c4 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d\ub960\uc5d0 \ud070 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4 \uac1d\uad00\uc131\uc774\ub098 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc774 \ub2f4\ubcf4\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ud3c9\uac00\ud45c \uc801\uc6a9 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uac10\uc810 \ud56d\ubaa9\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568:\n- 2017. 4. 17.\uc790 \uad50\ud1b5\uc0ac\uace0\ub294 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc758 \uacfc\uc2e4 \uc5ec\ubd80\uac00 \ubd88\ubd84\uba85\ud568\uc5d0\ub3c4 1\uc810\uc744 \uac00\uc911\ud558\uc5ec \uac10\uc810\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ubd88\ud569\ub9ac\ud568.\n- '\uac74\uac15' \ud56d\ubaa9\uc5d0\uc11c \uacb0\uadfc\uc77c\uc218 \uc0b0\uc815 \uc2dc \uadfc\ubb34\uc77c\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ube44\ubc88\uc77c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec \uac10\uc810\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uae30\uc900 \uc801\uc6a9\uc774 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc758 \uc5d4\uc9c4 \ud30c\uc190 \uc0ac\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ubb38\uc81c \uc0bc\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc6b4\uc804 \ubbf8\uc219\uc744 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc758 \uc758\uacac\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud3c9\uac00\ud45c \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc740 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc640 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2016. 11. 10. \uc120\uace0 2014\ub45045765 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 10. 12. \uc120\uace0 2015\ub45044493 \ud310\uacb0\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc\uc758 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801 \uc758\ubbf8\uc640 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud55c\ubc88 \uac15\uc870\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, \ud1b5\uc0c1\ud574\uace0\uc640 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc911\ucca9\ub420 \ub54c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ubc95\ub9ac\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac \ubcf4\ud638\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud568.\n- \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0\uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ud3c9\uac00 \uae30\uc900\uc774 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8 \uae30\uc900 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778\uc9c0\ub97c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \uc2ec\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc790\uc758\uc801\uc778 \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \uc81c\uace0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac00\uc9d0.\n- \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc \ub610\ub294 \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808 \uc2dc \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \uc808\ucc28 \uc900\uc218\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uacfc \uc808\ucc28\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
근로자의 취업규칙상 '3일 이상 무단결근 및 연락 두절'을 면직 사유로 규정하고 있으나, 이는 근로기준법상 해고의 법리가 적용되는 사유임.
참가인 C은 2019. 1. 23. 이후 무단결근 및 연락 두절 상태였으므로 면직 사유에 해당함.
그러나 근로자의 취업규칙상 면직 사유(해당 규정)와 징계해고 사유(해당 징계규정)는 실질적으로 동일한 내용(일정 기간 이상 무단결근)을 규정하고 있으므로, 해당 면직 통보는 징계해고에 준하는 절차를 거쳐야 함.
근로자는 해당 면직 통보 과정에서 참가인 C에게 소명 기회를 부여하는 등 아무런 징계 절차를 거치지 않았으므로, 절차적 위법이 있어 효력이 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
대법원 1997. 2. 14. 선고 96다43904 판결
대법원 2002. 12. 27. 선고 2002두9063 판결
대법원 1995. 6. 30. 선고 94다35350 판결
대법원 1994. 10. 25. 선고 94다25889 판결
참가인 B에 대한 근로계약 갱신 거절의 적법성
쟁점: 참가인 B에 대한 근로계약 갱신 거절이 합리적인 이유를 갖추었는지 여부.
법리:
근로자에게 기간의 정함이 없는 근로자로 전환될 수 있으리라는 정당한 기대권이 인정되는 경우, 사용자가 합리적 이유 없이 갱신을 거절하면 부당해고와 마찬가지로 효력이 없음(대법원 2016. 11. 10. 선고 2