서울행정법원 | 2016-08-11 | 2015구합77868
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공무원의 직무 관련 향응 수수 및 징계처분 재량권 일탈·남용 여부 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자의 직무 관련 향응 수수 징계사유가 인정되며, 이에 따른 감봉 2월 및 징계부가금 2배 처분은 재량권 일탈·남용에 해당하지 않아 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 해양수산부 해양수산사무관으로, 2012 여수 세계박람회 조직위원회 및 해양수산부 B과 근무 당시 한국선급 D 등으로부터 골프 접대 4회, 식사 1회 등 총 664,688원 상당의 향응을 수수함.
- 회사는 2015. 4. 10. 중앙징계위원회의 의결을 거쳐 근로자에게 국가공무원법 제61조(청렴의 의무) 위반을 이유로 감봉 2월 및 징계부가금 2배(1,329,370원) 처분을 함.
- 근로자는 해당 처분에 불복하여 인사혁신처 소청심사위원회에 심사청구하였으나, 2015. 8. 9. 기각 결정을 받음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부
- 법리: 국가공무원법 제61조 제1항은 공무원의 직무 관련 사례, 증여, 향응 수수를 금지하며, 이는 공무원의 순결성과 직무행위의 불가매수성을 보호하고 직무집행의 적정성을 보장함에 있음. 직무는 과거, 현재, 미래의 직무를 포함하며, 공무원이 직무 대상자로부터 금품 등을 받은 경우 특별한 사정이 없는 한 직무 관련성이 있는 것으로 봄.
- 법원의 판단:
- 한국선급은 해양수산부장관의 승인을 얻어 선박 검사 업무 등을 대행하며 해양수산부 해사안전국의 지도·감독을 받는 기관임.
- 근로자는 공직생활 중 상당 기간 한국선급에 대한 지휘감독 부서에서 근무하였고, 해당 징계사유 당시 직접 관련 업무에 종사하지 않았더라도 차후 관련 부서로 보직 변경될 가능성이 있었음.
- 근로자는 검찰 조사 당시 골프 비용이 한국선급 법인카드로 결제된 점을 인지하고 업무상 편의를 봐달라는 취지의 접대임을 인정한 바 있음.
- 따라서 해당 징계사유는 근로자의 직무와 관련하여 발생한 것으로 보이며, 의례상의 대가나 개인적인 친분관계에 의한 것이라고 볼 수 없어 징계사유가 존재함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 국가공무원법 제61조 제1항: 공무원은 직무와 관련하여 직접 또는 간접을 불문하고 사례·증여 또는 향응을 수수할 수 없음.
- 대법원 1998. 1. 23. 선고 97누16794 판결: 공무원의 직무와 관련한 금품수수행위를 방지하여 공무원의 순결성과 직무행위의 불가매수성을 보호하고 공무원의 직무집행의 적정성을 보장하려는데 있음.
- 대법원 1992. 2. 28. 선고 91도3364 판결: 국가공무원법 제61조 제1항의 직무는 과거에 담당하였거나 또는 장래에 담당할 직무도 그 범위에 포함됨.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제2부 판결
사건: 2015구합77868 징계처분취소 원고: A 피고: 해양수산부장관 변론종결: 2016. 7. 5. 판결선고: 2016. 8. 11.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
1. 처분의 경위 가. 원고는 해양수산부 해양수산사무관으로 근무하는 공무원으로 1994. 9. 28. 선박 주사보로 임용되어 2011. 2. 24.부터 2013. 2. 28.까지 2012 여수 세계박람회 조직위원 회에서, 2013. 4. 8.부터 2014. 4. 6.까지 해양수산부 해운물류국 B과에서 각 근무하였고, 2014. 9. 2.부터 해양수산부 해사안전국 C과에서 근무하고 있다. 나. 피고는 2015. 4. 10. 중앙징계위원회의 의결을 거쳐 원고에게 '원고는 2012 여수 세계박람회 조직위원회 및 해양수산부 B과에 근무할 당시에 사단법인 한국선급(이하'한국선급'이라 한다) D 등으로부터 다음과 같이 골프접대 4
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\uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \uc9c1\ubb34\uc640\uc758 \uad00\ub828\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n### \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub9e1\uaca8\uc9c4 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ube44\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc131\uc9c8, \ud589\uc815\ubaa9\uc801, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \uae30\uc900 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc0ac\ubb34\uad00 \uc9c1\uae09\uc758 \uc0c1\uae09\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ub192\uc740 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \uccad\ub834\uc131\uc774 \uc694\uad6c\ub418\uba70 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \ubaa8\ubc94\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n- \uc9c1\ubb34 \uad00\ub828\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc5c5\uccb4\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uace8\ud504 \uc811\ub300 \ub4f1\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ud69f\uc218 \ubc0f \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uacbd\ubbf8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc81c3\uc790\uc758 \uc2dc\uac01\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uc9c1\ubb34 \uc9d1\ud589\uc5d0 \uc758\uc2ec\uc744 \ubd88\ub7ec\uc77c\uc73c\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc2e0\ub8b0 \ud68c\ubcf5\uacfc \uc7ac\ubc1c \ubc29\uc9c0\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ud569\ub2f9\ud55c \uc870\uce58\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud568.\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 [\ubcc4\ud45c 1] \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \uac10\ubd09 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uace0, [\ubcc4\ud45c 1\uc758 3] \uc9d5\uacc4\ubd80\uac00\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \ud5a5\uc751 \uc218\uc218\uc561\uc758 1~2\ubc30\ub97c \ubd80\uacfc\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uaddc\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ube44\uc704 \uc815\ub3c4 \ubc0f \ud69f\uc218\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc9d5\uacc4\ubd80\uac00\uae08 2\ubc30 \ubd80\uacfc\uac00 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c83\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \ud5a5\uc751 \uc218\uc218\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0 \uc694\uad6c \uc2dc\ud6a8\ub97c 5\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0, \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \uc2dc\ud6a8\uac00 5\ub144\uc778 \ube44\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \uac10\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub3c4\ub85d \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- \uacf5\uc9c1\uae30\uac15 \ud655\ub9bd \ubc0f \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uacf5\uc775\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc785\uc744 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \uac00\ud639\ud558\uc5ec \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \ucc98\ubd84\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 6. 26. \uc120\uace0 2014\ub45035799 \ud310\uacb0: \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \ube44\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc131\uc9c8, \ud589\uc815\ubaa9\uc801, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uae30\uc900 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c78\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d: \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc774 \ubc95\ub839\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc600\uc744 \ub54c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\ud568.\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c78\uc870\uc7582: \uc9d5\uacc4\ubd80\uac00\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uc815.\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c83\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c1\ud56d: \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0 \uc694\uad6c \uc2dc\ud6a8\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uc815.\n- \uad6c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59(2014. 9. 2. \uc548\uc804\ud589\uc815\ubd80\ub839 \uc81c91\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d [\ubcc4\ud45c 1] \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900, [\ubcc4\ud45c 1\uc758 3] \uc9d5\uacc4\ubd80\uac00\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uae30\uc900, \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc57d 20\ub144\uac04 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc131\uc2e4\ud558\uac8c \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uad6d\ud1a0\ud574\uc591\ubd80\uc7a5\uad00 \ud45c\ucc3d \ubc0f \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\ud45c\ucc3d\uc744 \uc218\uc5ec\ubc1b\uc740 \uacbd\ub825\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uace8\ud504 \ubaa8\uc784 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ubc0f \uadf8 \uc774\ud6c4 \ud55c\uad6d\uc120\uae09 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubd80\uc815\ud55c \uccad\ud0c1\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ubaa8\uc784 \ucc38\uc11d\uc790\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uace8\ud504 \ube44\uc6a9\uc5d0 \uc0c1\uc751\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uadf8\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub9ce\uc740 \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568 (\uc608: \uc81c1, 2 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uad00\ub828 210,000\uc6d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9 \uc120\ubb3c \uad50\ubd80, \uc81c3 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uad00\ub828 \uc2dd\uc0ac\ube44 66,000\uc6d0, \uc81c4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uad00\ub828 \uc2dd\uc0ac\ube44 140,000\uc6d0, \uc81c5 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uad00\ub828 \uc624\ucc2c\ube44 50,000\uc6d0 \uc9c0\ubd88).\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c1\ubb34 \uad00\ub828 \ud5a5\uc751 \uc218\uc218 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, \uc9c1\ubb34 \uad00\ub828\uc131\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0 \uacfc\uac70 \ubc0f \uc7a5\ub798\uc758 \uc9c1\ubb34\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uace0, \uc758\ub840\uc801 \uce5c\ubd84 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc120 \uae08\ud488 \uc218\uc218\ub294 \uc9c1\ubb34 \uad00\ub828\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ud558\ub294 \ubc95\ub9ac\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uccad\ub834 \uc758\ubb34\uc640 \uacf5\uc9c1\uae30\uac15 \ud655\ub9bd\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uacf5\uc775\uc801 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba70, \ube44\uc704 \uc815\ub3c4\uc640 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ube44\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uacbd\uac01\uc2ec\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uace0 \uacf5\uc9c1 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub97c \uc81c\uace0\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc758\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ub2e4\ub9cc, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ubc14\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \uc9c0\ucd9c\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \uc9c1\ubb34 \uad00\ub828\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ud5a5\uc751\uc744 \uc218\uc218\ud55c \ud589\uc704 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \uccad\ub834 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub41c \uc810\uc740 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc9c1\ubb34 \uad00\ub828\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \uc0ac\uc801\uc778 \uad50\ub958\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc2e0\uc911\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 대법원 1997. 4. 17. 선고 96도3378 판결: 공무원이 그 직무의 대상이 되는 사람으로부터 금품 기타 이익을 받은 때에는 특별한 사정이 없는 한 직무와의 관련성이 없는 것으로 볼 수 없음.
재량권 일탈·남용 여부
- 법리: 징계권자의 재량에 맡겨진 징계처분이 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 재량권을 남용한 경우에 한하여 위법하다고 할 수 있으며, 이는 비위사실의 내용과 성질, 행정목적, 징계양정 기준 등 여러 요소를 종합하여 객관적으로 명백히 부당한 경우에 인정됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는 사무관 직급의 상급공무원으로서 높은 수준의 청렴성이 요구되며 직원들의 모범이 되어야 함.
- 직무 관련성이 있는 업체의 직원들로부터 골프 접대 등을 받은 비위행위의 횟수 및 정도가 경미하지 않음.
- 제3자의 시각에서 근로자의 공정한 직무 집행에 의심을 불러일으킬 수 있어 신뢰 회복과 재발 방지를 위한 합당한 조치가 필요함.
- 공무원 징계령 시행규칙 [별표 1] 징계기준에 따르면 감봉 이상의 징계 사유에 해당하고, [별표 1의 3] 징계부가금 부과기준에 따르면 향응 수수액의 1~2배를 부과하도록 규정되어 있으며, 이 사건 비위 정도 및 횟수에 비추어 징계부가금 2배 부과가 과도하다고 보기 어려움.
- 국가공무원법 제83