서울행정법원 | 2010-10-14 | 2010구합8546
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
해고의 서면통지 의무 위반 및 징계 재량권 남용으로 인한 해고 무효 확인
결과 요약
- 근로자의 해고 청구는 기각되었음.
- 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 근로자가 부담하도록 함.
사실관계
- 참가인은 2007. 4. 27. C의 경락잔금대출을 실행하는 과정에서 대출금 103,745,000원을 법무사 사무장 G의 개인 계좌로 송금하였고, G이 이 대출금과 C이 별도로 전달한 경락잔금 45,420,640원 등 약 1억 5천만 원을 인출하여 도주하는 금융사고가 발생하였음.
- 근로자는 2007. 5. 2. C에게 경락잔금 약 1억 5천만 원을 가지급금으로 납입하였음.
- 근로자는 2007. 6. 11. 이사회를 통해 직원복지대출을 1억 원 내에서 연이율 2%로 의결하였고, 2007. 8. 20. 참가인과 H이 각자 명의로 직원대출을 받아 가지급금을 변제하도록 하였으며, 대출금 이자 등은 상조회 회비에서 충당하기로 하였음.
- 근로자는 2007. 8.경 참가인에게 주의의무 위반을 이유로 감봉 3월의 징계처분을 하였음.
- 중앙회는 2009. 3. 16.부터 20.까지 근로자에 대한 종합검사를 실시하였고, 2009. 5. 8. 근로자에 대해 제1 내지 6징계사유로 참가인에 대한 징계면직 조치를 요구하는 검사결과를 통보하였음.
- 참가인은 2009. 4. 10. 가지급금 충당을 위해 대출받은 1억 원 중 직원대출 한도액을 초과한 4,000만 원을 일반 대출금으로 처리하고 이자를 변제하였으며, 2009. 5. 26. 나머지 대출금 6,000만 원도 전액 변제하였음.
- 근로자는 2009. 5. 26. 임시이사회를 개최하여 참가인의 소명을 들은 후 징계의결을 보류하였고, 2009. 6. 19. 다시 소명 기회를 부여하였으나 참가인은 기존 진술로 갈음하였음.
- 근로자는 중앙회의 재심을 거쳐 2009. 8. 4. 임시이사회를 개최하여 참가인에 대한 징계면직을 의결한 후 구두로 통보하였고, 참가인은 2009. 8. 27. 징계처분통보서를 직접 수령하였음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
해고 서면통지의무 위반 여부
- 법리: 근로기준법 제27조는 해고를 둘러싼 분쟁 해결 및 사용자의 무분별한 해고 남용 방지를 목적으로 해고사유와 해고시기를 서면으로 통지하도록 규정하고 있으며, 이를 위반한 해고는 효력이 없음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 해당 해고 당시 근로기준법 제27조에 따른 해고 시기와 해고사유가 기재된 서면 통지가 없었음.
- 해고일로부터 20여 일 경과한 2009. 8. 27.에야 참가인이 징계처분통보서를 수령하였으므로, 해당 해고는 서면에 의한 해고 통지가 이루어지지 않아 효력이 없음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제12부 판결
사건: 2010구합8546 부당노동행위구제재심판정취소 원고: A신용협동조합 피고: 중앙노동위원회 위원장 피고보조참가인: B 변론종결: 2010. 9. 16. 판결선고: 2010. 10. 14.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 <table_bc id="2_1" src="20240124/85bfb2364374e151_table_1.jpg" width="1331" height="857" x_position="165" y_position="226" /> 2. 이 사건 재심판정의 적법 여부 가. 원고의 주장 (1) 서면통지의무 위반의 효과 원고가 임시이사회를 개최하여 참가인에 대하여 징계면직을 의결한 다음 참가인에게 위 사실을 따로 서면으로 통지하지 아니하기는 하였으나, 이는 참가인의 요구에 따른 것으로서 참가인에게 구두로 통지하였고 신용협동조합중앙회(이하 '중앙회'라고 한다)의 종합검사와 원고의 임시이사회 등을 통하여 수차례
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\uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428. \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4 \uacc4\uc18d \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801\uacfc \uc131\uaca9, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \uc5ec\uac74, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ubc0f \uc9c1\ubb34 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub3d9\uae30\uc640 \uacbd\uc704, \uae30\uc5c5 \uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce60 \uc601\ud5a5, \uacfc\uac70 \uadfc\ubb34\ud0dc\ub3c4 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1998. 11. 10. \uc120\uace0 97\ub20418189 \ud310\uacb0\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\uc81c1\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 (\ub2f4\ubcf4\ube44\uc728 \uc0c1\ud5a5\uc870\uc815)**: \uc5ec\uc2e0\uc5c5\ubb34\ubc29\ubc95\uc11c \uaddc\uc815\uc0c1 \uac00\ubaa9 \ub610\ub294 \ub098\ubaa9 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uba74 \ub2f4\ubcf4\ube44\uc728\uc744 \uc0c1\ud5a5\uc870\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc5ec\uc2e0\uc2ec\uc758\ud68c \uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ub2f4\ubcf4\ube44\uc728\uc744 \uc0c1\ud5a5\uc870\uc815\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubb3c\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c. \uc5ec\uc2e0\uc2ec\uc758\ud68c \uc704\uc6d0\uc774 \uc911\uc559\ud68c \uc790\uaca9\uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ubbf8\ub2ec\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc774\uc5d0 \uad00\uc5ec\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uc784\ucc28\ubcf4\uc99d\uae08 \uacf5\uc81c \uad00\ub828 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\uc81c2, 3\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 (\uc9c1\uc6d0\ub300\ucd9c \ubc0f \uc0c1\uc870\ud68c\ube44 \ubd80\ub2f9 \uc870\uc131)**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uae08\uc735\uc0ac\uace0\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uac00\uc9c0\uae09\uae08 \ub0a9\uc785\uc740 \uc774\uc0ac\uc7a5 D\uacfc \uc0c1\ubb34 E\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uad00\uc5ec\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc99d\uac70 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 D\uacfc E\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub300\ucd9c\uae08\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc9c0\uae09\uae08\uc744 \ucda9\ub2f9\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0 \uc774\uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc2b9\uc778\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ubcf5\uc9c0\ub300\ucd9c \uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubb3c\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc124\ub839 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc0c1\uc704\uaddc\uc815 \uc704\ubc30\ub97c \uc54c\uc558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc774\ubbf8 \uac10\ubd09 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\uace0 D \ubc0f E\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \uc5b4\uca54 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub790\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubb3c\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ub2e4\ub9cc, \uacf5\uc81c\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc0c1\uc870\ud68c \uacc4\uc88c\uc5d0 \uc785\uae08\ud558\uc5ec \ub300\ucd9c\uc6d0\ub9ac\uae08 \uc0c1\ud658\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uad00\uc5ec\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- **\uc81c5\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 (\ub3d9\uc77c\uc778 \uc2e0\uc6a9\ub300\ucd9c \ud55c\ub3c4 \ucd08\uacfc)**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\uc778 \ub300\ucd9c\uc784\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc8fc\uc758\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uac8c\uc744\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \ud55c\ub3c4\ub97c \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\uc6a9\ub300\ucd9c\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \ubc0f \uc2e0\uc6a9\ud611\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uac80\uc0ac \ubc0f \uc81c\uc7ac\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uc815 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131**:\n- \uc81c1, 3\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uace0, \uc81c2, 4 \ub0b4\uc9c0 6\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub9cc\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc81c2\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 D \ubc0f E\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucc38\uc791\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc788\uace0, \ubb38\uc81c\ub41c \uc0c1\uc870\ud68c \uc790\uae08 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc561\uc774 \uc801\uace0 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ubaa8\ub450 \ubcc0\uc81c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ud6c4 \ubd80\ub2f9 \uc870\uc131 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub358 \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \uc9d5\uacc4\uba74\uc9c1\uc5d0 \uc774\ub97c \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc81c4 \ub0b4\uc9c0 6\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud55c \uc804\ub840\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uace0, \ud574\uace0 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9 \ubd80\ubd84 \uc2dc\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2007. 8. \uac10\ubd09 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc774\ud6c4 2009. 2. \uc911\uc559\ud68c \ud68c\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ud45c\ucc3d\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uae30\ud0c0 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc678\uc758 \uc0ac\ud56d\ub4e4\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac70\ub098 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubb3b\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uc77c\ud0c8\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd04\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \uc774 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc11c\uba74\ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uc5ec, \ud574\uace0 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc2dc\uae30\uc640 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uae30\uc7ac\ub41c \uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uac00 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uadf8 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud558\uc600\uc74c. \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \ud310\uc2dc\uc784.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \uac1c\ubcc4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad00\uc5ec \uc5ec\ubd80, \uc9c0\uc2dc \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc744 \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4, \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \uacbd\uc704, \ub3d9\uae30, \uae30\uc5c5\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce5c \uc601\ud5a5, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uacfc\uac70 \uadfc\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub3c4, \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc804\ub840 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc600\uc74c. \ud2b9\ud788, \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud589\uc704\ub098 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc2dc\uc815\ub41c \ubd80\ubd84, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uae0d\uc815\uc801\uc778 \ud3c9\uac00 \ub4f1\uc744 \ucc38\uc791\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc784\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc694\uac74(\uc11c\uba74\ud1b5\uc9c0)\uacfc \uc2e4\uccb4\uc801 \uc694\uac74(\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80 \ubc0f \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131)\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \uc2ec\uc0ac\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784."}
- 참가인이 해고 이전에 소명 기회를 충분히 부여받았고 방어권 행사에 큰 지장이 없었다고 하더라도, 근로기준법 규정의 취지에 비추어 달리 볼 수 없음.
징계사유의 존부 및 징계양정의 적정성 여부
- 법리: 취업규칙 등에서 규정하는 징계사유에 따른 해고처분은 사회통념상 고용관계를 계속할 수 없을 정도로 근로자에게 책임 있는 사유가 있는 경우에만 정당성이 인정됨. 사회통념상 고용관계 계속 불가능 여부는 사업의 목적과 성격, 사업장 여건, 근로자의 지위 및 직무 내용, 비위행위의 동기와 경위, 기업 질서에 미칠 영향, 과거 근무태도 등 여러 사정을 종합적으로 검토하여 판단해야 함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1998. 11. 10. 선고 97누18189 판결
- 법원의 판단:
- 제1징계사유 (담보비율 상향조정): 여신업무방법서 규정상 가목 또는 나목 중 하나에 해당하면 담보비율을 상향조정할 수 있다고 보이며, 참가인이 여신심의회 심사를 통해 담보비율을 상향조정한 것으로 보이므로 징계책임을 물을 수 없음. 여신심의회 위원이 중앙회 자격기준에 미달하더라도 참가인이 이에 관여한 사실이 없으며, 임차보증금 공제 관련 주장은 증거가 없고 징계사유에 포함되지 않음.
- 제2, 3징계사유 (직원대출 및 상조회비 부당 조성):