서울중앙지방법원 | 2016-09-29 | 2015고정3957
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E운영회 회장의 업무상 배임 및 횡령 사건: 퇴직금 중간 정산 및 이직확인서 허위 작성의 쟁점
결과 요약
- 피고인에게 업무상 배임죄(퇴직금 부당 지급)를 인정하여 벌금 500,000원을 선고함.
- 업무상 배임죄(이직확인서 허위 작성) 및 횡령죄(C에 대한 횡령)는 무죄를 선고함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 2011. 4. 1.경부터 'E운영회'의 회장으로 전반적인 사무를 처리함.
- F은 2011. 4. 말경부터 2012. 2. 초순경까지 위 운영회의 경리직원으로 자금 입·출금 관리 업무에 종사함.
- 운영회와 F의 근로계약서에는 퇴직금 적용이 근속일수 1년 이상부터 적용된다고 규정되어 있었음.
- 피고인은 2011. 12. 30.경 근무기간이 9개월이 채 되지 않은 F에게 퇴직금 명목으로 911,460원을 지급함.
- F이 운영회 자금을 횡령하여 2012. 2. 초순경 퇴직하였음에도, 피고인은 경리직원 G에게 "횡령액을 반환하였으니 이미 지급한 퇴직금은 돌려받지 말아라."라고 지시함.
- 피고인은 2012. 2. 29.경 F의 '피보험자 이직확인서' 이직사유를 '권고사직'으로 기재하게 함.
- 이로 인해 F은 2,967,810원의 실업급여를 수령하였고, 운영회는 2014. 11.경 서울지방고용노동청으로부터 과태료 부과 및 부정수급액 연대 반환 명령을 받음.
- 피고인은 2012. 8. 하순경 피해자 C으로부터 천정공사 대금 명목으로 50만원을 지급받아 보관하던 중 생활비 등으로 소비하였다는 횡령 혐의를 받음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
업무상 배임 (퇴직금 부당 지급)
- 쟁점: 피고인이 1년 미만 근무한 F에게 퇴직금을 지급하고 반환받지 않도록 지시한 행위가 업무상 임무 위배 및 재산상 손해 발생에 해당하는지 여부.
- 법리: 업무상 배임죄는 업무상 타인의 사무를 처리하는 자가 임무에 위배하는 행위를 하고, 그로 인해 재산상 이익을 취득하거나 제3자로 하여금 취득하게 하여 본인에게 재산상 손해를 가한 때 성립함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고인은 근속일수 1년 미만인 F에게 퇴직금을 지급하지 않거나, 1년 미만 퇴직 시 반환받아야 할 업무상 임무가 있었음.
- 피고인이 F에게 퇴직금 911,460원을 지급하고 반환받지 않도록 지시한 행위는 업무상 임무에 위배됨.
- 이로 인해 F에게 재산상 이익을 취득하게 하고 운영회에 같은 액수 상당의 재산상 손해를 가하였음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울중앙지방법원 판결
사건: 2015고정3957 업무상배임, 횡령 피고인: A 검사: 윤중현(기소), 김수현(공판) 변호인: 변호사 B(국선) 판결선고: 2016. 9. 29.
피고인을 벌금 500,000원에 처한다. 피고인이 위 벌금을 납입하지 아니하는 경우 100,000원을 1일로 환산한 기간 피고인을 노역장에 유치한다. 위 벌금에 상당한 금액의 가납을 명한다. 이 사건 공소사실 중 업무상 배임 및 C에 대한 횡령의 점은 각 무죄.
범죄사실 피고인 A은 2011. 4. 1. 경부터 서울 중구 D 건물 1층에서 E 관련 상가를 운영하는 점주들이 회원으로 되어 조직된 피해자 'E운영회'의 회장으로 위 운영회의 전반적인 사무를 처리하는 업무에 종사하고 있고, F은 2011. 4. 말경부터 2012. 2. 초순경까지 위 운영회의 경리직원으로 위 운영회의 자금 입 ·출금 관리 등의 업무에 종사하였다. 피고인은 2011. 12. 30.경 위 건물에 있는 위 운영회의 사무실에서, 위 운영회와 위 F 사이에 작성된 근로계약서에는 퇴직금 적용은 근속일수 1년 이상부터 적용한다고 규정되어 있으므로, 근무한 기간이 1년이 넘은 경우에만 퇴직금을 지급하고, 만일 1년
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\ub9d0\uacbd\ubd80\ud130 2012. 2. \ucd08\uc21c\uacbd\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc704 \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uc758 \uacbd\ub9ac\uc9c1\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\uae08 \uc785\u00b7\ucd9c\uae08 \uad00\ub9ac \uc5c5\ubb34\uc5d0 \uc885\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uc640 F\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc5d0\ub294 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc801\uc6a9\uc774 \uadfc\uc18d\uc77c\uc218 1\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1\ubd80\ud130 \uc801\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 2011. 12. 30.\uacbd \uadfc\ubb34\uae30\uac04\uc774 9\uac1c\uc6d4\uc774 \ucc44 \ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 F\uc5d0\uac8c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uba85\ubaa9\uc73c\ub85c 911,460\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- F\uc774 \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c \uc790\uae08\uc744 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uc5ec 2012. 2. \ucd08\uc21c\uacbd \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uacbd\ub9ac\uc9c1\uc6d0 G\uc5d0\uac8c \"\ud6a1\ub839\uc561\uc744 \ubc18\ud658\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub2c8 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc9c0\uae09\ud55c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc740 \ub3cc\ub824\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ub9d0\uc544\ub77c.\"\ub77c\uace0 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 2012. 2. 29.\uacbd F\uc758 '\ud53c\ubcf4\ud5d8\uc790 \uc774\uc9c1\ud655\uc778\uc11c' \uc774\uc9c1\uc0ac\uc720\ub97c '\uad8c\uace0\uc0ac\uc9c1'\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\uc7ac\ud558\uac8c \ud568.\n- \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 F\uc740 2,967,810\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e4\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec\ub97c \uc218\ub839\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\ub294 2014. 11.\uacbd \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\uccad\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uacfc\ud0dc\ub8cc \ubd80\uacfc \ubc0f \ubd80\uc815\uc218\uae09\uc561 \uc5f0\ub300 \ubc18\ud658 \uba85\ub839\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 2012. 8. \ud558\uc21c\uacbd \ud53c\ud574\uc790 C\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ucc9c\uc815\uacf5\uc0ac \ub300\uae08 \uba85\ubaa9\uc73c\ub85c 50\ub9cc\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc544 \ubcf4\uad00\ud558\ub358 \uc911 \uc0dd\ud65c\ube44 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c 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\ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc778 \uc190\ud574\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc2e4\ud574 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub3c4 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\ub098, \uc774\ub294 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf8\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc190\ud574\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uac83\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568. \ub610\ud55c, \ubc30\uc784\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc774\uc9c1\ud655\uc778\uc11c\uc5d0 '\uad8c\uace0\uc0ac\uc9c1'\uc73c\ub85c \ud5c8\uc704 \uae30\uc7ac\ud558\uc5ec F\uc774 \uc2e4\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec\ub97c \ubd80\uc815\uc218\uae09\ud558\uac8c \ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc2e4\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec\ub97c \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\uccb4\ub294 \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\uccad\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, F\uc758 \ubd80\uc815\uc218\uae09\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uc785\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uc8fc\uccb4\ub294 \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\uccad\uc784.\n- \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uc5d0 \uacfc\ud0dc\ub8cc\uac00 \ubd80\uacfc\ub418\uace0 \ubd80\uc815\uc218\uae09\uc561 \uc5f0\ub300 \ubc30\uc0c1 \uba85\ub839\uc774 \ub0b4\ub824\uc9c4 \uac83\uc740 \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uc758 \uc120\uc784\uac10\ub3c5\uc0c1 \uacfc\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubc95\ub960\uc801 \ucc45\uc784\uc774\uc9c0, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uc5d0 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 F\uc774 \ud6a1\ub839\uc561\uc744 \ubc18\ud658\ud558\uc5ec \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uc758 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uc804\ubcf4\ud558\ub824 \ub178\ub825\ud55c \uc810\uc744 \uac10\uc548\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e4\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec\ub97c \ubc1b\uac8c \ud574\uc904 \uc0dd\uac01\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc9c1\uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uae30\uc7ac\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc77c \ubfd0, \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uac00\ud560 \uc758\uc0ac(\ubc30\uc784\uc758 \uace0\uc758)\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \ubb34\uc8c4\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c356\uc870 (\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud6a1\ub839\uacfc \ubc30\uc784)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c355\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d (\ubc30\uc784)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c355\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\ud6a1\ub839)\n### \ud6a1\ub839 (C\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud6a1\ub839)\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 C\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ucc9c\uc815\uacf5\uc0ac \ub300\uae08 \uba85\ubaa9\uc73c\ub85c 50\ub9cc\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc544 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ubc94\uc8c4\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uc2ec\uc774 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uc99d\uba85\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- C\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc11c\uac00 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, C\uc774 \ubc95\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \"\ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3c8\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud55c \uac83\uc778\uc9c0 \uae30\uc5b5\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd94\uce21\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9c4\uc220\"\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubc1d\ud798.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c C\uc758 \ud655\uc778\uc11c \uae30\uc7ac\ub97c \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \ubbff\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc720\uc8c4\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \ubb34\uc8c4\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c356\uc870 (\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud6a1\ub839\uacfc \ubc30\uc784)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c355\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\ud6a1\ub839)\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784(\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubd80\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09) \ud610\uc758\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubc8c\uae08\ud615\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ubc8c\uae08 \ubbf8\ub0a9 \uc2dc \ub178\uc5ed\uc7a5 \uc720\uce58 \ubc0f \uac00\ub0a9 \uba85\ub839\uc774 \ud568\uaed8 \uc120\uace0\ub428.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uc758 \uc131\ub9bd \uc694\uac74\uc778 '\uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574'\uc640 '\ubc30\uc784\uc758 \uace0\uc758'\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud574\uc11d\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c. \ud2b9\ud788, \uc774\uc9c1\ud655\uc778\uc11c \ud5c8\uc704 \uc791\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc2e4\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec \ubd80\uc815\uc218\uae09 \uc0ac\uc548\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc190\ud574 \uc8fc\uccb4\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc81c3\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac04\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc190\ud574 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uc758 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ud589\uc704 \ub3d9\uae30\uac00 \uc6b4\uc601\ud68c\uc758 \uc190\ud574 \uc804\ubcf4 \ub178\ub825\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc30\ub824\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubc30\uc784\uc758 \uace0\uc758\ub97c \ubd80\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc815\ud669\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud55c \uc810\uc740, \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uc758 \uc8fc\uad00\uc801 \uc694\uac74 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud589\uc704\uc790\uc758 \ub0b4\uc2ec\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uc0b4\ud53c\ub294 \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ud6a1\ub839\uc8c4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc720\uc77c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\uc778 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220\uc774 \ubc95\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc88\ubcf5\ub418\uac70\ub098 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc774 \uc758\uc2ec\ub420 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud558\ub294 \ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc6d0\uce59\uc778 '\uc99d\uac70\uc7ac\ud310\uc8fc\uc758'\ub97c \ucda9\uc2e4\ud788 \ub530\ub978 \uc0ac\ub840\uc784."}
- 따라서 이 부분 공소사실은 유죄로 인정됨.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 형법 제356조 (업무상 횡령과 배임)
- 형법 제355조 제2항 (배임)
- 형법 제355조 제1항 (횡령)
업무상 배임 (이직확인서 허위 작성)
- 쟁점: 피고인이 F의 이직확인서에 '권고사직'으로 허위 기재하여 F이 실업급여를 부정수급하게 하고 운영회에 손해를 가한 행위가 업무상 배임에 해당하는지 여부.
- 법리: 업무상 배임죄에서 재산상 손해는 현실적인 손해뿐만 아니라 재산상 실해 발생의 위험을 초래한 경우도 포함되나, 이는 경제적 관점에서 본인에게 손해가 발생한 것과 같은 정도로 구체적인 위험이 있는 경우를 의미함. 또한, 배임의 고의가 인정되어야 함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고인이 이직확인서에 '권고사직'으로 허위 기재하여 F이 실업급여를 부정수급하게 한 사실은 인정됨.
- 그러나 실업급여를 지급하는 주체는 서울지방고용노동청이므로, F의 부정수급으로 인해 재산상 손해를 입게 되는 주체는 운영회가 아닌 서울지방고용노동청임.
- 운영회에 과태료가 부과되고 부정수급액 연대 배상 명령이 내려진 것은 운영회의 선임감독상 과실에 따른 법률적 책임이지, 피고인의 행위로 인해 운영회에 경제적 관점에서 구체적인 재산상 손해가 발생한 것으로 볼 수 없음.
- 피고인이 F이 횡령액을 반환하여 운영회의 손해를 전보하려 노력한 점을 감안하여 실업급여를 받게 해줄 생각으로 이직사유를 기재한 것으로 보일 뿐, 운영회에 손해를 가할 의사(배임의 고의)가 있었다