서울행정법원 | 2020-10-30 | 2020구합51358
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교사의 학생 대상 성희롱 및 아동학대 징계처분 취소청구 사건
결과 요약
- 교사의 학생 대상 성희롱 및 아동학대 행위에 대한 해임 처분이 재량권 일탈·남용으로 위법하다고 판단되어, 해임처분 취소청구를 기각한 소청심사위원회의 결정이 취소됨.
사실관계
- 근로자는 D중학교 교사로 재직 중, 2016년 피해 학생 E에게 "더 떠들면 허벅지 빨갛게 해준다"고 말하며 허벅지를 손바닥으로 1회 치고(제1징계사유), 막대기로 허벅지를 1회 강하게 내리치거나(제2-1징계사유), 엉덩이를 1회 때린(제2-2징계사유) 혐의로 기소됨.
- 해당 학교 교원징계위원회는 위 행위들이 사립학교법상 품위유지의무 등을 위반한 것으로 판단하여 근로자를 해임함.
- 근로자는 해임처분 취소를 구하는 소청심사를 청구하였고, 소청심사 진행 중 제1심 법원은 제2-1징계사유만 유죄(벌금 200만 원)로 판단하고 제1, 2-2징계사유는 무죄를 선고함.
- 피고(교원소청심사위원회)는 2019. 10. 2. 근로자의 청구를 기각하는 결정을 내림.
- 이후 항소심에서 검사의 공소장 변경으로 제1, 2-2징계사유가 폭행으로 인정되어 벌금 500만 원이 선고되었고, 대법원에서 확정됨.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부
- 법리: 징계사유는 반드시 형사사건의 범죄에 해당하는 것을 전제로 하는 것이 아니라, 해당 행위가 사립학교 교원의 품위유지의무, 성실의무 등을 위반하였는지 여부로 판단해야 함.
- 판단: 관련 형사판결에서 근로자의 행위가 인정되었으므로, 해당 징계사유는 존재한다고 판단됨. 회사가 제1징계사유를 성희롱으로, 제2징계사유를 기타 법령위반으로 인한 품위유지의무 위반으로 규범적 평가를 달리한 것에 위법은 없음.
재량권 일탈·남용 여부
- 법리: 징계양정은 비례원칙에 따라 적정해야 하며, 사립학교 교원의 징계기준은 교육공무원 징계양정 등에 관한 규칙을 고려할 수 있음. 성희롱은 객관적으로 상대방에게 성적 굴욕감이나 혐오감을 느끼게 할 수 있는 행위를 의미하며, 행위자에게 반드시 성적 동기나 의도가 있어야 하는 것은 아님(대법원 2018. 4. 12. 선고 2017두74702 판결).
- 판단:
- 제1징계사유 (성희롱): 근로자의 행위는 질서유지 목적이 주된 것으로 보이고 성적 목적이 있었다고 보이지 않으며, 신체 접촉 정도가 경미하고 "허벅지를 빨갛게 만들겠다"는 발언을 성적 언동으로 평가하기 어려움. 비위의 정도가 약하고 중과실인 경우에 해당하여 정직에서 감봉의 징계에 처할 수 있는 비위행위로 판단됨.
- 제2-1징계사유 (아동학대): 아동학대에는 해당하나, 신체적 피해 정도를 명확히 알 수 없고, 폭행 강도가 심각한 상해를 발생시켰다고 단정하기 어려움. 비위의 정도가 약하고 중과실인 경우에 해당하여 감봉의 징계에 처할 수 있는 비위행위로 판단됨.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제11부 판결
사건: 2020구합51358 교원소청심사위원회결정취소 원고: A 소송대리인 법무법인 평안 담당변호사 심우용, 강민석 피고: 교원소청심사위원회 소송대리인 정부법무공단 담당변호사 박지용 피고보조참가인: 학교법인 B 소송대리인 변호사 최명규 변론종결: 2020. 9. 11. 판결선고: 2020. 10. 30.
1. 피고가 2019. 10. 2. 원고와 피고보조참가인 사이의 C 해임처분취소청구 사건에 관하여 한 결정을 취소한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분은 피고보조참가인이, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다.
1. 처분의 경위 등 가. 원고는 1996. 9. 1.부터 아래에서 보는 이 사건 징계로 인하여 해임되기 전까지 참가인이 운영하는 D중학교(이하 '이 사건 학교'라 한다)의 교사로 재직하였던 사람이다. 나. 검사는 2018. 1.30. 원고를 다음과 같은 요지의 공소사실로 기소하였다. 아동· 청소년의성보호에관한법률위반(위계등추행) 2016. 8. 31.경 수련회를 위해 이동하는 버스 안에서 피해자 E(여, 14세, 가명)가 시끄럽게 떠든다는 이유로 "더 떠들면 허벅지 빨갛게 해준다."고 하며 짧은 반바지를 입고 있어 허벅지
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\uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc57d\ud558\uace0 \uc911\uacfc\uc2e4\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uac10\ubd09\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n- **\uc81c2-2\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 (\ud3ed\ud589)**: \ud559\uc0dd \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801 \ud558\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \ud3ed\ud589 \uac15\ub3c4\uac00 \ube44\uad50\uc801 \uc57d\ud558\uace0 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220 \ubc0f \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \ud53c\ud574 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc544\uc8fc \uc2ec\uac01\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc57d\ud558\uace0 \uacbd\uacfc\uc2e4\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uacac\ucc45\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n- **\uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \uaddc\uce59 \uc801\uc6a9**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \uc81c1\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc591\uc815\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 1\ub2e8\uacc4 \uac00\uc911\ub41c '\uac15\ub4f1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uc9c1'\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95\uc0c1 \uac15\ub4f1 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\uace0 \uce68\uc775\uc801 \ud589\uc815\ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc900\uce59\uc740 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud788 \ud574\uc11d\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ubbc0\ub85c '\uc815\uc9c1'\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \uaddc\uce59\uc774 \uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc120 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc5c5\uacfc \uc0dd\uacc4\ub97c \ubc15\ud0c8\ud558\ub294 \ud574\uc784 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \ube44\ub840\uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2018. 4. 12. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub45074702 \ud310\uacb0**: \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc758 \uc131\ub9bd \uc694\uac74\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc95\ub9ac.\n- **\uad6d\uac00\uc778\uad8c\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ubc95 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c3\ud638 \ub77c\ubaa9**: \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc758 \uc815\uc758.\n- **\uad6c \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uce59 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d [\ubcc4\ud45c]**: \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900.\n- **\uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc81c55\uc870**: \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc900\uc6a9 \uaddc\uc815.\n- **\uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c56\uc870**: \uc131\uc2e4\uc758\ubb34.\n- **\uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c63\uc870**: \ud488\uc704\uc720\uc9c0\uc758\ubb34.\n- **\uc544\ub3d9\ubcf5\uc9c0\ubc95 \uc81c3\uc870 \uc81c3\ud638, \uc81c5\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d**: \uc544\ub3d9 \ubcf4\ud638 \ubc0f \ud559\ub300 \uae08\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34.\n- **\uad50\uc721\uae30\ubcf8\ubc95 \uc81c14\uc870**: \uad50\uc721\uc790 \uc724\ub9ac\uc758\uc2dd \ud655\ub9bd \uc758\ubb34.\n- **\uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc81c61\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uc885\ub958.\n- **\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c5\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \uac00\uc911 \uaddc\uc815.\n- **\uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \uc81c54\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c6\ud56d**: \ud574\uc784\ub41c \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uc81c\ud55c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 22\ub144\uc5ec\uac04 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7ac\uc9c1\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \ubc1b\uc740 \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacb0\uc815\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \uc815\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud55c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubc1c\uc5b8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc11c\uc6b8\ud2b9\ubcc4\uc2dc\uad50\uc721\uccad\uc758 '\ubc95\ub960\uc704\ubc18\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ucc98\ub9ac \uae30\uc900'\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758\uacb0 \uc694\uad6c\uc5d0 \uc900\uc6a9\ub420 \uc9c0\uce68\uc774\uc9c0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84 \uc790\uccb4\uc758 \uc591\uc815 \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc900\uc6a9\ub420 \uc131\uc9c8\uc758 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \ube44\ub840\uc6d0\uce59 \uc900\uc218 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud788 \uc2ec\uc0ac\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784. \ud2b9\ud788, \ud615\uc0ac\uc0ac\uac74\uc758 \uc720\ubb34\uc8c4 \ud310\ub2e8\uacfc \ubcc4\uac1c\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\ub418, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud615\uc0ac\ud310\uacb0\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0 \ubc0f \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \uacbd\uc911\uc744 \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568. \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc5c5 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uacfc \ud574\uc784 \ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uac00\uc838\uc624\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uac10\uc548\ud560 \ub54c, \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc2e0\uc911\uc744 \uae30\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 제2-2징계사유 (폭행): 학생 지도의 목적 하의 행위로 보이며, 폭행 강도가 비교적 약하고 피해자의 진술 및 당시 상황을 고려할 때 피해 정도가 아주 심각하지 않음. 비위의 정도가 약하고 경과실인 경우에 해당하여 견책의 징계에 처할 수 있는 비위행위로 판단됨.
- 징계양정 규칙 적용: 징계양정 규칙에 따르면 제1징계사유가 정하는 양정으로부터 1단계 가중된 '강등에서 정직'에 처할 수 있으나, 사립학교법상 강등 규정이 없고 침익적 행정행위의 재량준칙은 엄격히 해석해야 하므로 '정직'에 처하는 것이 타당함.
- 결론: 해당 징계는 징계양정 규칙이 정하는 범위를 넘어선 것이며, 근로자의 직업과 생계를 박탈하는 해임 처분은 비례원칙에 반하여 재량권을 일탈·남용한 것으로 위법하다고 판단됨.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2018. 4. 12. 선고 2017두74702 판결: 성희롱의 성립 요건에 대한 법리.
- 국가인권위원회법 제2조 제3호 라목: 성희롱의 정의.
- 구 교육공무원 징계양정 등에 관한 규칙 제2조 제1항 [별표]: 교육공무