부산지방법원 | 2015-08-12 | 2015고정388
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
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퇴직금 미지급 사건: 근로자성 인정 여부
결과 요약
- 피고인은 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반으로 벌금 5,000,000원에 처함.
- 벌금 미납 시 100,000원을 1일로 환산한 기간 노역장에 유치함.
- 벌금에 상당하는 금액의 가납을 명함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 부산 부산진구 D 소재 E이용원의 대표자로, 상시근로자 8~9명을 고용하여 이용업을 경영하는 사업주임.
- 피고인은 2014. 5.경 이용사 F(2004. 3. 13. ~ 2014. 4. 20. 근무)의 퇴직금 29,610,640원과 이용사 G(2007. 1. 15. ~ 2014. 3. 26. 근무)의 퇴직금 20,712,860원, 합계 50,323,500원을 각 퇴직일로부터 14일 이내에 지급하지 아니함.
- 피고인은 F, G과 사업장사용승인계약서를 작성하고 고정급 없이 매출실적에 따라 이익을 배분하였으며, 사용자로서 지시·감독을 하지 않아 사용자와 근로자의 관계가 아니라고 주장함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로기준법상 근로자성 인정 여부
- 법리: 근로기준법상 근로자 여부는 계약 형식과 관계없이 실질적으로 임금을 목적으로 종속적인 관계에서 사용자에게 근로를 제공했는지 여부로 판단함.
- 고려 요소: 업무 내용의 사용자 지정 여부, 취업규칙·복무규정 적용 여부, 사용자로부터의 구체적·직접적 지휘·감독 여부, 근무시간·장소 지정 및 구속 여부, 비품·원자재·작업도구 소유 관계, 보수의 근로 대상적 성격 및 기본급·고정급 유무, 근로소득세 원천징수 여부, 근로제공 관계의 계속성 및 전속성, 사회보장제도상 근로자 지위 인정 여부, 양 당사자의 경제·사회적 조건 등을 종합적으로 고려함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 수입 정산 방식: 사업장사용승인계약서에 수입 정산 방식이 명시되어 있으나, 실제로는 매월 사업장 총 매출액의 60%를 피고인 몫, 40%를 종업원 몫으로 나누고, 피고인 몫의 10%와 종업원 몫을 이용사 인원수로 나눈 금액을 더하여 외국인 고객 세금 등을 공제한 뒤 남은 금액을 이용사 두 명이 나누어 가짐. 이 금액이 270만 원보다 적으면 270만 원을 지급받음. 이는 최소한 270만 원을 임금으로 지급하기로 약정한 것으로 보임.
- 임금 지급 방식: 피고인 및 변호인은 매월 정기적인 이체 내역이 없음을 주장하나, G, F의 진술에 따르면 피고인이 현금, 계좌이체 등으로 돈을 지급하였고, 그 금액은 위와 같은 방식으로 계산되었음이 인정됨. 270만 원을 초과하는 금액도 미리 정해진 방식에 따라 산정되므로 임금으로서의 성격이 부정되지 않음.
- 고용 및 해고 권한: 이용사 H이 피고인의 일방적인 통보로 해고되었고, G이 피고인과의 면접을 통해 채용된 점을 볼 때, 피고인이 이용사들의 고용과 해고에 관한 권한을 가짐.
- 근무시간 및 지휘·감독: 별도의 취업규칙은 없으나, F, G은 피고인이 정한 방침에 따라 당번자를 정하여 정해진 시간에 출퇴근하였고, 피고인은 F으로부터 매일 면도사들의 출결 상황을 보고받음. 이발에 관한 구체적인 지시가 없었더라도, 출결, 휴무, 가불, 업무 태도 등에 대해 보고를 받고 직접 지시하며, 매월 1~2회 근무 태도 등에 대한 지시를 한 점은 사용자로서의 지시·감독 행위로 인정됨.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
부산지방법원 판결
사건: 2015고정388 근로자퇴직급여보장법위반 피고인: A 검사: 박상진(기소), 장영롱(공판) 변호인: 법무법인 B 담당변호사 C 판결선고: 2015. 8. 12.
피고인을 벌금 5,000,000원에 처한다. 피고인이 위 벌금을 납입하지 아니하는 경우 100,000원을 1일로 환산한 기간 피고인을 노역장에 유치한다. 위 벌금에 상당한 금액의 가납을 명한다.
범죄사실 피고인은 부산 부산진구 D에 있는 E이용원의 대표자로 상시근로자 8~9명의 근로자를 사용하여 이용업을 경영하는 사업주로서 사용자이다. 사용자는 근로자가 사망 또는 퇴직한 경우에는 그 사유가 발생한 때부터 14일 이내에 임금, 보상금, 그밖에 일체의 금품을 지급하여야 한다. 다만 특별한 사정이 있을 경우 당사자 사이의 합의에 의하여 기일을 연장할 수 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 피고인은 2014. 5.경 위 사업장에서 2004. 3. 13.부터 2014. 4. 20.까지 이용사로 근로한 F의 퇴직금 29,610,640원과 2007. 1. 15.부터 2014. 3. 26.까지 이용사로 근로한 G의 퇴직금 20,712,
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\uc774\uc6a9\uc0ac F(2004. 3. 13. ~ 2014. 4. 20. \uadfc\ubb34)\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 29,610,640\uc6d0\uacfc \uc774\uc6a9\uc0ac G(2007. 1. 15. ~ 2014. 3. 26. \uadfc\ubb34)\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 20,712,860\uc6d0, \ud569\uacc4 50,323,500\uc6d0\uc744 \uac01 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 F, G\uacfc \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc2b9\uc778\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uace0\uc815\uae09 \uc5c6\uc774 \ub9e4\ucd9c\uc2e4\uc801\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ubc30\ubd84\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uc9c0\uc2dc\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc640 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 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\uac19\uc740 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428. 270\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\ub294 \uae08\uc561\ub3c4 \ubbf8\ub9ac \uc815\ud574\uc9c4 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc0b0\uc815\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c \uc784\uae08\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc131\uaca9\uc774 \ubd80\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\uace0\uc6a9 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0 \uad8c\ud55c**: \uc774\uc6a9\uc0ac H\uc774 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc778 \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub85c \ud574\uace0\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, G\uc774 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uacfc\uc758 \uba74\uc811\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ucc44\uc6a9\ub41c \uc810\uc744 \ubcfc \ub54c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc774\uc6a9\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9\uacfc \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uad8c\ud55c\uc744 \uac00\uc9d0.\n- **\uadfc\ubb34\uc2dc\uac04 \ubc0f \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5**: \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc740 \uc5c6\uc73c\ub098, F, G\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc815\ud55c \ubc29\uce68\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2f9\ubc88\uc790\ub97c \uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\ud574\uc9c4 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ucd9c\ud1f4\uadfc\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 F\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ub9e4\uc77c \uba74\ub3c4\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc758 \ucd9c\uacb0 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0\ubc1b\uc74c. \uc774\ubc1c\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ucd9c\uacb0, \ud734\ubb34, \uac00\ubd88, \uc5c5\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub3c4 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubcf4\uace0\ub97c \ubc1b\uace0 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc9c0\uc2dc\ud558\uba70, \ub9e4\uc6d4 1~2\ud68c \uadfc\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub3c4 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \ud55c \uc810\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc9c0\uc2dc\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- **\uac00\ubd88 \ubc0f \ud734\uac00 \uc2b9\uc778**: \uc774\uc6a9\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uae09\uc5ec\uc77c \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \uac00\ubd88\uc744 \ubc1b\uc73c\ub824\uba74 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc2b9\ub099\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud588\uace0, \ud734\uac00 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\uace0 \uc2b9\ub099\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- **4\ub300\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud0c8\ud1f4\uc11c**: G, F\uc774 4\ub300\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud0c8\ud1f4\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \ubcf4\ud5d8\ub8cc \uc808\ubc18\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc2dc\ud0a4\uaca0\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc5ec \uae09\uc5ec\uac00 \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e4 \uac83\uc744 \uc6b0\ub824\ud588\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc9c4\uc220\uc774 \uc77c\uce58\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \ud0c8\ud1f4\uc11c\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc774 \ubd80\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \uc704 \uc0ac\uc815\ub4e4\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud560 \ub54c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 G, F\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778 \ubc0f \ubcc0\ud638\uc778\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ubc95\ub839**: \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c44\uc870 \uc81c1\ud638, \uc81c9\uc870\n- **\ud310\ub840**: \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2006. 12. 7. \uc120\uace0 2006\ub3c4300 \ud310\uacb0\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80 \ubc95\uc815\uc9c4\uc220, \uc99d\uc778 G, F, H\uc758 \uac01 \ubc95\uc815\uc9c4\uc220, \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc0b0\uc815\ub0b4\uc5ed, \uc218\uc785\uae08 \ubd84\ubc30\ub0b4\uc5ed, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \uc2b9\uc778\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c, 4\ub300\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud0c8\ud1f4\uc11c, \uc0ac\uc9c1\uc11c, \uc77c\uc77c\uc7a5\ubd80 \ub0b4\uc5ed, \uac01 \uadfc\ub85c\ub0b4\uc5ed \ud655\uc778\uc11c, G \uc784\uae08\uc9c0\uae09\ud1b5\uc7a5\ub0b4\uc5ed \ub4f1\uc774 \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \uc81c\ucd9c\ub428.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc885\uc18d \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc911\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc2b9\uc778\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801 \ubb38\uc11c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \uc2e4\uc81c \uc784\uae08 \uc815\uc0b0 \ubc29\uc2dd, \uace0\uc6a9 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0 \uad8c\ud55c, \uadfc\ubb34 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubc0f \uac10\ub3c5, \uac00\ubd88 \ubc0f \ud734\uac00 \uc2b9\uc778 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc815\ud669\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud568.\n- 4\ub300\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud0c8\ud1f4\uc11c\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ubb38\uc11c\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \ubd80\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \uc11c\ub958\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131\uc744 \ud68c\ud53c\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud568.\n- \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc8fc \uc785\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c \uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc6b4\uc601 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uacb0\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce5c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uace0, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \ubc0f \uad00\ub828 \ubc95\ub839\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 가불 및 휴가 승인: 이용사들이 급여일 이전에 가불을 받으려면 피고인의 승낙이 필요했고, 휴가 사용 시에도 피고인에게 보고하고 승낙을 받음.
- 4대보험 탈퇴서: G, F이 4대보험 탈퇴서를 작성한 것은 피고인이 보험료 절반을 부담시키겠다고 하여 급여가 줄어들 것을 우려했기 때문이라는 진술이 일치하므로, 이 탈퇴서만으로 근로자성이 부정되지 않음.
- 결론: 위 사정들을 종합할 때, 피고인은 G, F에 대하여 사용자의 지위에 있었다고 인정되므로, 피고인 및 변호인의 주장은 받아들여지지 않음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 법령: 근로자퇴직급여보장법 제44조 제1호, 제9조
- 판례