서울행정법원 | 2015-05-14 | 2014구합66274
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
부당전보 구제신청 기각에 대한 재심판정 취소 청구 사건
결과 요약
- 근로자의 해당 청구는 이유 없으므로 기각함.
사실관계
- 참가인은 건물 관리업을 영위하는 회사로, 근로자는 1999. 3. 7. 참가인과 근로계약을 체결하고 2012. 8. 14.까지 B에서 관리소장으로 근무함.
- 참가인은 2012. 8. 14. 근로자를 해고하였고, 경북지방노동위원회는 2012. 12. 5. 이를 부당해고로 인정하여 참가인에게 근로자의 복직과 임금 지급을 명함. 중앙노동위원회는 2013. 3. 22. 참가인의 재심신청을 기각함.
- 참가인은 2013. 1. 25. 근로자에게 B으로 복직 및 대기발령을 하였고, 근로자의 요청에 따라 2013. 5. 30. C아파트 관리사무실로, 2013. 6. 7. C아파트 시설관리소장으로 인사명령을 함.
- C아파트 관리 용역 계약이 2013. 11. 21. 종료됨에 따라 참가인은 2013. 11. 18. 근로자를 본사 자산관리팀으로 발령함(해당 전보).
- 근로자는 2014. 2. 19. 해당 전보에 대해 경북지방노동위원회에 부당전보구제 신청을 하였고, 경북지방노동위원회는 2014. 4. 11. 해당 전보를 부당전보로 인정하고 근로자를 원직에 복직시키라는 구제명령을 함.
- 원고와 참가인은 위 초심판정에 대해 각각 재심신청을 하였고, 중앙노동위원회는 2014. 7. 25. 해당 전보가 사용자의 인사재량권을 남용 또는 일탈한 것이라고 보기 어렵다는 이유로 참가인의 재심신청을 받아들여 초심판정 중 부당전보 인정 및 구제명령 부분을 취소하고 근로자의 재심신청을 기각하는 판정(해당 재심판정)을 함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
본안전항변: 소의 이익 유무
- 참가인은 B 관리 용역 계약이 종료되어 근로자를 B으로 발령할 수 없으므로 해당 소는 소의 이익이 없어 부적법하다고 주장함.
- 법원은 근로자의 청구는 해당 전보의 효력을 부인하여 '본사 자산관리팀'으로 전보되지 않을 수 있도록 해달라는 것이지, 'B'으로 전보될 수 있도록 해달라는 것이 아니라고 판단함.
- 법원은 B 관리 용역 계약 종료 여부와 무관하게 근로자는 해당 소를 통해 전보의 부당성을 인정받아 '본사 자산관리팀'으로 전보되지 않을 수 있고, 다른 사업장으로 전보를 요청할 수 있으므로 여전히 소를 유지할 이익이 있다고 판단하여 본안전항변을 기각함.
해당 재심판정의 적법 여부
1. 근무 장소와 근로 내용 특정 여부
- 근로자는 근로계약 체결 시 근무 장소를 'B'으로, 근로 내용을 '전기주임'으로 특정하였으므로 동의 없는 전보는 무효라고 주장함.
- 법원은 근로계약서에 근무 장소나 근로 내용이 기재되어 있더라도, 명시적 또는 묵시적으로 해당 장소/내용에서만 근로를 제공하기로 약정했다고 인정될 정도에 이르러야 한다고 판단함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제13부 판결
사건: 2014구합66274 부당전보구제재심판정취소 원고: A 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: 진양메인티넌스 주식회사 변론종결: 2015. 3. 26. 판결선고: 2015. 5. 14.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 참가인은 서울 서초구 반포대로 59 선흥빌딩 4층에 본사를 두고 상시 400여 명의 근로자들을 사용하여 전국에서 건물 관리업을 영위하고 있는 회사이다. 참가인은 한국 교직원공제회와 B(이하 'B'이라 한다)에 관하여, 대한토지신탁 주식회사 등과 C아파트 (이하 'C아파트'라 한다)에 관하여 각각 관리 용약 계약을 맺고 위 각 건물을 관리하였다. 원고는 1999. 3. 7. 참가인과 근로 계약을 체결하고 그 무렵부터 2012. 8. 14.경까지 B에서 근무하였는데, 2006년경부터는 관리소장으로 근무하였다. 나. 참가인은 2012. 8. 14. 원고를 해고하였다. 원고는 경북지방노동위원회에 20
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\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc804\ubcf4 \uc2dc \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub3d9\uc758\ub97c \ubc1b\uc744 \ud544\uc694\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n#### 2. \uc778\uc0ac\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ub0a8\uc6a9 \ub610\ub294 \uc77c\ud0c8 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775(\uc7a5\uc560\uc778 \uac00\uc871 \ubd80\uc591), \uc5c5\ubb34 \ub2a5\ub960 \uc800\ud558, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \ud68c\ud53c \uc758\ub3c4 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uc778\uc0ac\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ub0a8\uc6a9\uc744 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 **\uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775(\uc7a5\uc560\uc778 \uc544\ub0b4\uc640 \uc544\ub4e4 \ubc0f \ubbf8\uc131\ub144 \ub538 \ubd80\uc591)**\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 C\uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \uad00\ub9ac \uc6a9\uc5ed \uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uace0\uc6a9 \uc870\uc815 \ud544\uc694\uc131, D \uc9c0\uc5ed \ub0b4 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \ubd80\uc7ac, B \uad00\ub9ac\uc18c\uc7a5\uc9c1\uc5d0 \uae30\uc874 \uadfc\ubb34\uc790 \uc874\uc7ac \ubc0f \ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc9c1\uc6d0\uacf5\uc81c\ud68c\uc758 \uc6d0\uace0 \ubcf5\uadc0 \ubc18\ub300, \ubcf8\uc0ac \uc790\uc0b0\uad00\ub9ac\ud300 \uacf5\uc11d \ubc1c\uc0dd \ub4f1 **\ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc120 \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4**\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc704\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uacfc \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\uc131\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc785\uc744 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1\uc758 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud06c\uace0, \uadf8 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc774 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac10\uc218\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uc815\ub3c4\ub97c \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc804\ubcf4 \ud611\uc758\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \ub178\ub825\ud588\uc73c\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uba70, **\uc131\uc2e4\ud55c \ud611\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc815\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ubcf4\uac00 \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \uad8c\ub9ac \ub0a8\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\ud6a8\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.**\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\ub294 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uacfc \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\uc131\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc778\uc0ac\uad8c \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc778\uc0ac\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc77c\ud0c8\ud55c \uc798\ubabb\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2013. 2. 28. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub2e452041 \ud310\uacb0: \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc804\uc9c1\uc774\ub098 \uc804\ubcf4\ub294 \uc6d0\uce59\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc0ac\uad8c\uc790\uc778 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uad8c\ud55c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ubc94\uc704 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uba70 \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ub418\uac70\ub098 \uad8c\ub9ac \ub0a8\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \ubb34\ud6a8\ub77c\uace0\ub294 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774\ub098 \uadfc\ubb34 \uc7a5\uc18c\ub97c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud788 \ud55c\uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc804\ubcf4\ub098 \uc804\uc9c1\uc744 \ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc6d0\uce59\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ub3d9\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1 \uadfc\ubb34 \uc7a5\uc18c\ub098 \uadfc\ub85c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uae30\uc7ac\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, **\ud574\ub2f9 \uc7a5\uc18c/\ub0b4\uc6a9\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801 \ub610\ub294 \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801 \uc57d\uc815\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c\ub9cc \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc804\ubcf4 \uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ub3d9\uc758\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4**\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc758 \ubb38\uad6c\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c \uc870\uac74\uc774 \ud55c\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc804\ubcf4 \uc870\uce58\uac00 **\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc120 \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\uc131**\uc744 \uac00\uc9c8 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc774 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac10\uc218\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uc815\ub3c4\ub97c \ud604\uc800\ud788 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud55c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc778\uc0ac\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c. \ud2b9\ud788, **\ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \uad6c\uc870(\uc6a9\uc5ed \uacc4\uc57d \uae30\ubc18)\uc640 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131(\uc6a9\uc5ed \uacc4\uc57d \uc885\ub8cc, \uae30\uc874 \uc778\ub825 \ubc30\uce58, \uace0\uac1d\uc0ac\uc758 \ubc18\ub300 \ub4f1)**\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ud53c\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- **\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc804\ubcf4 \ud611\uc758\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \ub178\ub825\ud588\uc73c\ub098 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0**, \ud611\uc758 \uc808\ucc28 \ubbf8\uc900\uc218\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ubcf4\uac00 \ubb34\ud6a8\uac00 \ub418\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec, \ud611\uc758 \ub178\ub825\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uadf8 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ud611\uc758 \ub178\ub825\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ube44\ud611\uc870\ub85c \ud611\uc758\uac00 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc804\ubcf4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ub428."}
- 법원은 참가인이 전국을 영업 범위로 하는 건물 관리업의 특성상 용역 계약 종료 시 근무지 변경이 예상될 수 있었고, 원고 스스로 다른 업무(관리소장)를 수행한 점 등을 고려할 때, 근무 장소나 근로 내용이 특별히 한정되었다고 보기 어렵다고 판단함.
- 따라서 참가인이 근로자에 대한 전보 시 근로자의 동의를 받을 필요는 없다고 판단함.
2. 인사재량권 남용 또는 일탈 여부
- 근로자는 해당 전보로 인한 생활상 불이익(장애인 가족 부양), 업무 능률 저하, 참가인의 부당해고 구제명령 회피 의도 등을 주장하며 인사재량권 남용을 주장함.
- 법원은 근로자의 생활상 불이익(장애인 아내와 아들 및 미성년 딸 부양)이 발생할 수 있음을 인정함.
- 그러나 법원은 C아파트 관리 용역 계약 종료로 인한 고용 조정 필요성, D 지역 내 다른 사업장 부재, B 관리소장직에 기존 근무자 존재 및 한국교직원공제회의 원고 복귀 반대, 본사 자산관리팀 공석 발생 등 참가인에게 해당 전보의 업무상 필요성을 넘어선 불가피성이 있었다고 판단함.
- 법원은 위와 같은 업무상 필요성과 불가피성이 근로자가 입을 생활상의 불이익보다 크고, 그 불이익이 통상적으로 감