서울행정법원 | 2016-11-03 | 2016구합834
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
무파업 타결금 지급의 부당노동행위 해당 여부
결과 요약
- 근로자의 무파업 타결금 등 지급 행위가 불이익 취급 및 지배·개입의 부당노동행위에 해당한다고 판단, 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 반도체 부품 제조업을 영위하는 회사로 약 1,000명의 근로자를 고용하고 있음.
- 피고 보조참가인 B노동조합(이하 '참가인 노동조합')은 전국 단위 산업별 노동조합이며, 참가인 근로자들은 참가인 노동조합 산하 C 지회에 가입되어 있음.
- D 노동조합은 원고 근로자 약 290명을 조합원으로 하는 기업 단위 노동조합임.
- 2015. 6. 5. 근로자는 D 노동조합과 '노사화합을 통한 신교섭문화 구축 협정서'를 체결하고, 2015. 6. 15. D 노동조합 조합원들에게 '무파업 타결금' 및 '무파업 이행 타결금'(총 1인당 212만 원)을 지급함.
- 참가인들은 근로자의 위 지급 행위가 부당노동행위(불이익취급, 지배·개입)에 해당한다며 경북지방노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였으나 기각됨.
- 참가인들은 중앙노동위원회에 재심을 신청하였고, 중앙노동위원회는 2015. 12. 16. 근로자의 행위가 부당노동행위에 해당한다고 보아 재심신청을 인용함(이하 '해당 재심판정').
- 근로자는 무파업 타결금 등이 근로조건과 구분되는 일시적 금전이며, 교섭창구 단일화 절차에 참여하지 않은 참가인 노동조합에는 적용할 수 없으므로 부당노동행위에 해당하지 않는다고 주장하며 해당 재심판정의 취소를 구하는 소를 제기함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
무파업 타결금 지급이 불이익 취급 및 지배·개입의 부당노동행위에 해당하는지 여부
- 법리:
- 불이익 취급의 부당노동행위: 근로자가 노동조합에 가입하는 등 정당한 행위를 한 것을 이유로 사용자에게 불이익을 주는 행위가 성립 요건임(대법원 1998. 2. 10. 선고 96누10188 판결 등 참조).
- 지배·개입의 부당노동행위: 사용자가 노동조합의 조직 또는 운영을 지배하거나 이에 개입하는 행위는 금지되며, 이는 노동조합의 자주성·독립성 확보를 위함임. '지배'는 노동조합을 사용자에게 종속시키거나 조종하는 것을, '개입'은 사용자가 노동조합의 의사결정이나 행동에 간섭하여 변경시키려 하는 것을 의미함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자가 2015. 6. 15. D 노동조합 조합원들에게만 무파업 타결금 등을 지급한 행위는 참가인 노동조합 지회 소속을 이유로 한 불이익 취급의 부당노동행위이자 노동조합의 조직·운영을 침해하는 지배·개입의 부당노동행위에 해당함.
- 세부 판단 근거:
- 근로자는 2015년 경영 상황이 좋지 않았음에도 D 노동조합 조합원들에게만 1인당 212만 원(총 약 6억 1,600만 원)을 지급하였는데, 이는 전체 근로자에게 지급한 성과급(50만 원)과 비교하여 과도함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \ubb34\ud30c\uc5c5 \ud0c0\uacb0\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubb34\ud30c\uc5c5 \ud0c0\uacb0\uae08 \ub4f1 \uc9c0\uae09 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \ucde8\uae09 \ubc0f \uc9c0\ubc30\u00b7\uac1c\uc785\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \ubd80\ud488 \uc81c\uc870\uc5c5\uc744 \uc601\uc704\ud558\ub294 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub85c \uc57d 1,000\uba85\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uace0\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\uc778 B\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569(\uc774\ud558 '\ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569')\uc740 \uc804\uad6d \ub2e8\uc704 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ubcc4 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc774\uba70, \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc0b0\ud558 C \uc9c0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc74c.\n- D \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc57d 290\uba85\uc744 \uc870\ud569\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc5c5 \ub2e8\uc704 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc784.\n- 2015. 6. 5. \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 D \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uacfc '\ub178\uc0ac\ud654\ud569\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uc2e0\uad50\uc12d\ubb38\ud654 \uad6c\ucd95 \ud611\uc815\uc11c'\ub97c \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uace0, 2015. 6. 15. 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\ub530\ub77c D \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uacfc \uccb4\uacb0\ub41c \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c. \ubb34\ud30c\uc5c5 \ud0c0\uacb0\uae08 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc131\uacfc\uae09\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc131\uaca9\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc9c0\ud68c \uc870\ud569\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uae09\ub418\uc5c8\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uae09\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uac83\uc740 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc9c0\ud68c \uac00\uc785\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud55c \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \ucde8\uae09\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ubcf5\uc218 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \ud2b9\uc815 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc5d0\ub9cc \ubb34\ud30c\uc5c5\uc744 \uc870\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \uae08\uc804\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \uc7c1\uc758\ud589\uc704 \uacb0\uc815\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uccd0 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \uc790\uc8fc\uc131\uc744 \uce68\ud574\ud558\uace0, \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1 \ud65c\ub3d9 \ubc0f \uc6b4\uc601\uc744 \uc800\ud574\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc9c0\ud68c\uc758 \ub2e8\uacb0\uad8c\uc744 \ud3c9\ub4f1\ud558\uac8c \uc874\uc911\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc911\ub9bd \uc720\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uba70, \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc9c0\ud68c\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uacb0\uc815\uc774\ub098 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc758\ub3c4\ud55c \ub300\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub824 \ud55c \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ubc0f \ub178\ub3d9\uad00\uacc4\uc870\uc815\ubc95 \uc81c81\uc870(\ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704)**\n- \uc81c1\ud638: \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785 \ub610\ub294 \uac00\uc785\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ud558\uc600\uac70\ub098 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc744 \uc870\uc9c1\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ud558\uc600\uac70\ub098 \uae30\ud0c0 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud55c \uac83\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uadf8 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uadf8 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc8fc\ub294 \ud589\uc704\n- \uc81c4\ud638: \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc744 \uc870\uc9c1 \ub610\ub294 \uc6b4\uc601\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc9c0\ubc30\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc774\uc5d0 \uac1c\uc785\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1998. 2. 10. \uc120\uace0 96\ub20410188 \ud310\uacb0**: \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc131\ub9bd\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc8fc\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5ec\uc57c \ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ubcf5\uc218 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uccb4\uc81c \ud558\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ud2b9\uc815 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc5d0\ub9cc '\ubb34\ud30c\uc5c5 \ud0c0\uacb0\uae08' \uba85\ubaa9\uc758 \uae08\uc804\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \ucde8\uae09 \ubc0f \uc9c0\ubc30\u00b7\uac1c\uc785\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud574\ub2f9 \uae08\uc804\uc774 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uacfc\uae09\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc131\uaca9\uc744 \uac00\uc9d0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud2b9\uc815 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc9c0\uae09\ub41c \uc810, \uacfc\uac70 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc9c0\uae09 \uc0ac\ub840\uc640 \ub2ec\ub9ac \ucc28\ubcc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uae09\ub41c \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704 \uc131\ub9bd\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\ub9bd \uc720\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud558\uace0, \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \uc790\uc8fc\uc131\uacfc \ub2e8\uacb0\uad8c\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ub428. \uad50\uc12d\ucc3d\uad6c \ub2e8\uc77c\ud654 \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc774\ub77c \ud560\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\ub294 \ucc28\ubcc4\uc801 \ub300\uc6b0\ub294 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 무파업 타결금 등은 성과급 지급 한도와 유사한 규모이며, 급여명세서상 '특별성과급'으로 표시되어 성과급과 유사한 성격을 가짐.
- 근로자는 과거 유사한 명목의 금전을 전체 근로자에게 지급하였으나, 2015년에는 D 노동조합에만 지급하였고, 이에 대한 합리적인 이유를 찾기 어려움.
- 참가인 노동조합 지회는 교섭창구 단일화 절차에 참여하지 않았으나, 노동조합법 제35조에 따라 D 노동조합과 체결된 단체협약의 적용을 받음. 무파업 타결금 등이 성과급과 유사한 성격이므로 참가인 노동조합 지회 조합원들에게도 지급되었어야 함에도 지급되지 않은 것은 참가인 노동조합 지회 가입을 이유로 한 불이익 취급으로 볼 수밖에 없음.
- 복수 노동조합 상황에서 특정 노동조합에만 무파업을 조건으로 금전을 지급하는 것은 다른 노동조합의 쟁의행위 결정에 영향을 미쳐 노동조합의 자주성을 침해하고, 불이익을 받는 노동조합의 조직 활동 및 운영을 저해함.
- 근로자의 행위는 참가인 노동조합 지회의 단결권을 평등하게 존중하지 않고 중립 유지 의무를 위반한 것이며, 참가인 노동조합 지회의 의