서울행정법원 | 2020-11-12 | 2019구합82486
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
부당해고 구제 재심판정 취소소송: 상시 근로자 수 산정 및 징계 재량권 일탈·남용 여부
결과 요약
- 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
- 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2017. 7. 7. 설립된 법인으로, 평창군 E에서 한우 판매 음식점인 'F 식당'을 운영함.
- 참가인은 2018. 11. 15. 근로자와 근로계약을 체결하고 주방·주위 환경 보조 업무를 담당함.
- 2018. 11. 26. J가 원고 소속 근로자를 조직대상으로 하는 기업별 노동조합인 'I 노동조합'(이하 '해당 사안 노동조합')을 설립하였고, 참가인도 조합원으로 가입함.
- 근로자는 2019. 2. 8. 참가인에게 대기발령을 하고, 2019. 2. 14. 해고를 통지함(이하 '해당 해고').
- 참가인 등은 해당 해고가 부당해고 및 부당노동행위에 해당한다고 주장하며 강원지방노동위원회에 구제를 신청했으나 기각됨.
- 중앙노동위원회는 2019. 8. 19. 해당 해고가 징계사유는 인정되나 징계재량권을 일탈·남용한 부당해고라고 판정함(이하 '해당 재심판정').
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
구제이익의 존부
- 쟁점: 참가인의 근로계약 기간이 만료되었으므로 구제이익이 소멸하였는지 여부.
- 법리: 근로자의 구제이익 유무는 처분시인 재심판정 당시를 기준으로 판단함.
- 판단: 중앙노동위원회의 재심판정일(2019. 8. 19.) 당시 참가인의 근로계약 기간(2019. 11. 4.까지)이 남아있었으므로, 해당 재심판정 당시 참가인의 구제이익이 존재함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2004. 1. 15. 선고 2003두11247 판결
원고 사업장의 상시 근로자 수가 5인 이상인지 여부
- 쟁점: 원고 사업장이 근로기준법 제23조 제1항의 적용을 받는 상시 근로자 수 5인 이상 사업장인지 여부.
- 법리:
- 근로기준법 제11조 제1항은 상시 5명 이상의 근로자를 사용하는 사업 또는 사업장에 근로기준법이 적용됨을 규정함.
- '상시'는 상태를 의미하며, 근로자 수가 때때로 5인 미만이 되어도 사회통념상 객관적으로 상태적으로 5인 이상이면 해당함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815 \ucde8\uc18c\uc18c\uc1a1: \uc0c1\uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218 \uc0b0\uc815 \ubc0f \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n- \uc18c\uc1a1\ube44\uc6a9\uc740 \ubcf4\uc870\ucc38\uac00\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub450 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2017. 7. 7. \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \ubc95\uc778\uc73c\ub85c, \ud3c9\ucc3d\uad70 E\uc5d0\uc11c \ud55c\uc6b0 \ud310\ub9e4 \uc74c\uc2dd\uc810\uc778 'F \uc2dd\ub2f9'\uc744 \uc6b4\uc601\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2018. 11. 15. \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uace0 \uc8fc\ubc29\u00b7\uc8fc\uc704 \ud658\uacbd \ubcf4\uc870 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud568.\n- 2018. 11. 26. J\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0 \uc18c\uc18d \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc870\uc9c1\ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc5c5\ubcc4 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc778 'I \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569'(\uc774\ud558 '\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569')\uc744 \uc124\ub9bd\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\ub3c4 \uc870\ud569\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc785\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2019. 2. 8. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc744 \ud558\uace0, 2019. 2. 14. \ud574\uace0\ub97c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud568(\uc774\ud558 '\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0').\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \ubc0f \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uac15\uc6d0\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uad6c\uc81c\ub97c \uc2e0\uccad\ud588\uc73c\ub098 \uae30\uac01\ub428.\n- \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2019. 8. 19. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub098 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ub77c\uace0 \ud310\uc815\ud568(\uc774\ud558 '\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815').\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc758 \uc874\ubd80\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04\uc774 \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc18c\uba78\ud558\uc600\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775 \uc720\ubb34\ub294 \ucc98\ubd84\uc2dc\uc778 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815 \ub2f9\uc2dc\ub97c \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc77c(2019. 8. 19.) \ub2f9\uc2dc \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04(2019. 11. 4.\uae4c\uc9c0)\uc774 \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2004. 1. 15. \uc120\uace0 2003\ub45011247 \ud310\uacb0\n### \uc6d0\uace0 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \uc0c1\uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218\uac00 5\uc778 \uc774\uc0c1\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \uc6d0\uace0 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \uc0c1\uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218 5\uc778 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**:\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c11\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \uc0c1\uc2dc 5\uba85 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5 \ub610\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub428\uc744 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- '\uc0c1\uc2dc'\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uba70, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218\uac00 \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c 5\uc778 \ubbf8\ub9cc\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c 5\uc778 \uc774\uc0c1\uc774\uba74 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\ub294 \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc77c\uc6a9\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub3c4 \ud3ec\ud568\ub428.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c7\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c '\uc0c1\uc2dc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218'\ub294 \ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc0ac\uc720 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc77c \uc804 1\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc5f0\uc778\uc6d0\uc744 \uac19\uc740 \uae30\uac04 \uc911\uc758 \uac00\ub3d9 \uc77c\uc218\ub85c \ub098\ub204\uc5b4 \uc0b0\uc815\ud568.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c7\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc81c2\ud638\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, \uc0b0\uc815 \uacb0\uacfc \ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc0b0\uc815\uae30\uac04\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\ubcc4\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218\ub97c \ud30c\uc545\ud588\uc744 \ub54c \ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ubbf8\ub2ec\ud55c \uc77c\uc218\uac00 2\ubd84\uc758 1 \uc774\uc0c1\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc73c\uba70 \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uace0 \uadf8 \ub300\uac00\ub85c\uc11c \uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\ub294 \uc790\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac H\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0 \ubc1c\ud589 \uc8fc\uc2dd\uc758 49%\ub97c \ubcf4\uc720\ud55c \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c '\ud68c\uc7a5' \ud638\uce6d\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \ud3ed\ub113\uc740 \uacb0\uc815\uad8c\uacfc \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc9c0\ub154\uc73c\uba70, \uacbd\uc601\uc5d0 \uad00\uc5ec\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0 \uc804 1\uac1c\uc6d4(2019. 1. 14. ~ 2019. 2. 13.) \ub3d9\uc548\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218 \uc0b0\uc815 \uc2dc, \uace0\uc6a9\ubcf4\ud5d8 \uc2e0\uace0\ub0b4\uc5ed\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 138\uba85\uc5d0 M(\uc8fc 5\uc77c \uadfc\ubb34 \uc804\uc81c 17\uba85)\uacfc \ucc38\uac00\uc778(\uc8fc 6\uc77c \uadfc\ubb34 \uc804\uc81c 6\uba85)\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec \ucd1d 161\uba85\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b0\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc5f0\uc778\uc6d0 161\uba85\uc744 \uac00\ub3d9 \uc77c\uc218 30\uc77c\ub85c \ub098\ub204\uba74 \uc0c1\uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218\ub294 5.36\uba85\uc73c\ub85c 5\uc778 \uc774\uc0c1\uc784.\n- M\uc740 \uc77c\uc6a9\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70 \uace0\uc6a9\ubcf4\ud5d8 \ud53c\ubcf4\ud5d8\uc790\uaca9\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, F \uc2dd\ub2f9\uc5d0 \uc18c\uc18d\ub41c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ud734\uac00 \ub610\ub294 \ud734\uc9c1\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud568\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839 \uc911\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \uaddc\ubaa8 \uc0b0\uc815\uc5d0 \ubc18\uc601\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c F \uc2dd\ub2f9\uc740 \uc0c1\uc2dc 5\uc778 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c11\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d, \uc81c2\ud56d, \uc81c3\ud56d\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c7\uc870, \uc81c7\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c1\ud56d, \uc81c2\ud56d \uc81c2\ud638\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c1\ud638, \uc81c2\ud638\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2008. 3. 27. \uc120\uace0 2008\ub3c4364 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ud5cc\ubc95\uc7ac\ud310\uc18c 1999. 9. 16. \uc120\uace0 98\ud5cc\ub9c8310 \uc804\uc6d0\uc7ac\ud310\ubd80 \uacb0\uc815\n- \ud5cc\ubc95\uc7ac\ud310\uc18c 2003. 7. 24. \uc120\uace0 2002\ud5cc\ubc1451 \uc804\uc6d0\uc7ac\ud310\ubd80 \uacb0\uc815\n- \ud5cc\ubc95\uc7ac\ud310\uc18c 2019. 4. 11. \uc120\uace0 2013\ud5cc\ubc14112 \uc804\uc6d0\uc7ac\ud310\ubd80 \uacb0\uc815\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc2dc\uc124\uad00\ub9ac\uad8c \uce68\ud574, \ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc720\ud3ec \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190, \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ubd84\uc704\uae30 \uc800\ud574)\uac00 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**:\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc2dc\uc124\uad00\ub9ac\uad8c \uce68\ud574\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub428.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc678\ubd80\uc5d0 \uacf5\ud45c\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ube44\ubc00, \uba85\uc608, \uc2e0\uc6a9 \ub4f1\uc744 \ud6fc\uc190\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub418\ub098, \uacf5\ud45c\ub41c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc758 \uc9c4\uc704, \ud589\uc704 \uacbd\uc704\uc640 \ubaa9\uc801, \uacf5\ud45c \ubc29\ubc95 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\uc81c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc2dc\uc124\uad00\ub9ac\uad8c \uce68\ud574)**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 H, J\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec F \uc2dd\ub2f9\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uc785\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc2dc\uc124\uad00\ub9ac\uad8c\uc744 \uce68\ud574\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub428. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 H\uc758 \ud5c8\uac00\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub098, H\uacfc G\uc758 \ubd84\uc7c1 \uacbd\uc704\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- **\uc81c2 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc720\ud3ec \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190)**: \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud604\uc218\ub9c9(\uacf5\uae08 \ud6a1\ub839, \ud22c\uba85 \uacbd\uc601, \uc0c1\uc2b5\ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0, \uac11\uc9c8 \uc0ac\uc7a5 \ub4f1)\uc740 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\uac70 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc801\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0 \ubc0f G\uc758 \uba85\uc608\uc5d0 \uc190\uc0c1\uc744 \uac00\ud55c \ud589\uc704\uc784. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud604\uc218\ub9c9 \uc81c\uc791\uc744 \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc77c\ubd80 \uad00\uc5ec\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub428. \ud604\uc218\ub9c9 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ud65c\ub3d9\uacfc \ub69c\ub837\ud55c \uad00\ub828\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\uace0, \uc624\ud788\ub824 J\uc758 \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \uc774\uc775\uacfc \uacb0\ubd80\ub41c \uc5b8\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- **\uc81c3 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc9c1\uc7a5 \ubd84\uc704\uae30 \uc800\ud574)**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ub3d9\ub8cc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c '\uc704 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc54c\ub9ac\uba74 \uc548 \ub41c\ub2e4'\uace0 \ub9d0\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub97c \ubd84\uc5f4\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ubd84\uc704\uae30\ub97c \uc800\ud574\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \uc774\ub97c \uc815\ub3c4\ub77c\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1994. 12. 13. \uc120\uace0 93\ub20423275 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1999. 9. 3. \uc120\uace0 97\ub2042528, 2535(\ubcd1\ud569) \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 11. 14. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub45052924 \ud310\uacb0\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \uc778\uc815\ub41c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**:\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uac00 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \ube44\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc131\uc9c8, \uc9d5\uacc4 \ubaa9\uc801, \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815 \uae30\uc900 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ucc45\uc784 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\uc790\ub8cc\ub85c \uc0bc\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc81c3 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc81c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\uc2dc\uc124\uad00\ub9ac\uad8c \uce68\ud574)\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub098, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 F \uc2dd\ub2f9\uc5d0 \ucd9c\uc785\ud558\uc5ec \uba38\ubb34\ub978 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uae38\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0 \uc808\ub3c4, \uc190\uad34 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\ub978 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uac00 \uacb0\ud569\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc73c\uba70, H\uc758 \ubcf4\uc870\uc5f4\uc1e0\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc704\ubc95\ud589\uc704\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n- \uc81c2 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720(\ud5c8\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc720\ud3ec \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190)\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub098, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud604\uc218\ub9c9 \uc81c\uc791 \ubc0f \uac8c\uc2dc\uc758 \uc8fc\ub41c \ud589\uc704\ub294 J\uac00 \ud558\uc600\uace0, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uad00\uc5ec \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \ud06c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud568. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c J\uc640 \ub3d9\ub4f1\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubb3b\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uac00\ud639\ud568.\n- \ud574\uace0 \uc774\ud6c4 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 J\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 '\ub178\uc870\ud0c4\uc555' \ub4f1\uc758 \ud604\uc218\ub9c9\uc744 \ub3d9\uc6d0\ud558\uc5ec \uc2dc\uc704\ub97c \ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc640\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud6fc\uc190\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \ud574\uace0\ub41c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud568\uc744 \ud56d\uc758\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uc704\ub97c \uc120\ud0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c5\ubb34\ubc29\ud574, \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190, \ud3ed\ub825\ud589\uc704\ub4f1\ucc98\ubc8c\uc5d0\uad00\ud55c\ubc95\ub960\uc704\ubc18(\uacf5\ub3d9\uc8fc\uac70\uce68\uc785) \ud610\uc758\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uac80\ucc30\uc774 \ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c(\uc99d\uac70\ubd88\ucda9\ubd84) \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ud55c \uc810\ub3c4 \uace0\ub824\ub428.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc778\uc815\ub41c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \ucc45\uc784 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b0\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd04\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 4. 28. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub45023637 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 3. 15. \uc120\uace0 2013\ub45026750 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1996. 4. 23. \uc120\uace0 96\ub2e42378 \ud310\uacb0\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac G\uacfc \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac H\uc740 2018. 11. 27. H\uc774 \uc8fc\uc2dd\uc744 \uc591\ub3c4\ud558\uace0 \uc6d0\uace0 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\uadfc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30\ub85c \ud569\uc758\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \uac08\ub4f1\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- J\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc124\ub9bd \ud6c4 G\uc5d0\uac8c \ub2e8\uccb4\uad50\uc12d\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uba70 \ubb38\uc790\uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\ub0c8\uace0, \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \uc774\uc775(\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08, \uc5f0\ucc28\uae08)\uacfc \ud604\uc218\ub9c9 \uac8c\uc2dc \ubc0f \uc2dc\uc704\ub97c \uacb0\ubd80\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub4ef\ud55c \uc5b8\ud589\uc744 \ud568.\n- J\ub294 2019. 2. 2. 10:00\uacbd \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5 \ubb38\uc744 \uc5f4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, 2019. 2. 4. '\uc0c1\uc2b5\ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\ud55c \uac11\uc9c8 \uc0ac\uc7a5 \ubb3c\ub7ec\ub098\ub77c'\ub294 \ud604\uc218\ub9c9\uc744 \uac8c\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 1\uc778 \uc2dc\uc704\ub97c \ud568.\n- J\ub294 2019. 2. 7. '\uacf5\uae08 \ud6a1\ub839 \uadf8\ub9cc\ud558\uace0 \ud22c\uba85\uacbd\uc601 \uc2e4\ucc9c \ud558\ub77c'\ub294 \ud604\uc218\ub9c9\uc744 \ub0b4\uac78\uace0 1\uc778 \uc2dc\uc704\ub97c \ud568.\n- H\uc740 2019. 2. 8. \uc624\uc804 \ubcf4\uc720\ud558\ub358 F \uc2dd\ub2f9\uc758 \ubcf4\uc870\uc5f4\uc1e0\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec J, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \ud734\ubb34 \uc911\uc778 F \uc2dd\ub2f9\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac14\ub2e4\uac00 \ub098\uc634.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uacfc J\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0 \uc774\ud6c4\uc778 2019. 2. 13.\uacbd\ubd80\ud130 '\ub178\uc870\ud0c4\uc555 \ucc98\ubc8c\ud558\ub77c'\ub294 \ud604\uc218\ub9c9\uacfc \ud53c\ucf13\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc2dc\uc704\ub97c \ud568.\n- J\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uace0\uc18c\uc7a5\uc744 \uc811\uc218\ud558\uace0 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc2e0\ubb38\uace0\uc5d0 \ubbfc\uc6d0\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc911\ubd80\uc9c0\ubc29\uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\uccad \uc601\uc6d4\uc9c0\uccad\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd88\uae30\uc18c(\ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c) \uc758\uacac\uc73c\ub85c \uc1a1\uce58\ub428.\n- J\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9, \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08, \uc5f0\uc6d4\ucc28 \uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uace0 \uc9c4\uc815 \uc0ac\uac74\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\ud568.\n- G\uc774 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc744 \uc5c5\ubb34\ubc29\ud574, \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190, \ud3ed\ub825\ud589\uc704\ub4f1\ucc98\ubc8c\uc5d0\uad00\ud55c\ubc95\ub960\uc704\ubc18(\uacf5\ub3d9\uc8fc\uac70\uce68\uc785) \ud610\uc758\ub85c \uace0\uc18c\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \ucd98\ucc9c\uc9c0\ubc29\uac80\ucc30\uccad \uc601\uc6d4\uc9c0\uccad\uc740 2020. 2. 14. \ubaa8\ub450 \ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c(\uc99d\uac70\ubd88\ucda9\ubd84) \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0c1\uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc218 \uc0b0\uc815 \uc2dc \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uacbd\uc601\uc5d0 \uad00\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c \ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uace0\uc6a9\ubcf4\ud5d8 \uac00\uc785 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uba70 \uac04\ud5d0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub098 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839 \uc911\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub294 \ud3ec\ud568\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9 \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uc11d\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \ubcc4\uac1c\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc911\ub300\uc131, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad00\uc5ec \uc815\ub3c4, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud574\uace0 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc744 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ud560 \uc815\ub3c4\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ud65c\ub3d9\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ud45c\ud604\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc640 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uba85\uc608\ud6fc\uc190 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc810\uc744 \ubaa8\uc0c9\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc2dc\uc0ac\uc810\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud568.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uac00 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc124 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc18c\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \ub178\uc0ac \uac08\ub4f1 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568."}
- 근로자에는 계속 근무하는 근로자뿐만 아니라 일용근로자도 포함됨.
- 근로기준법 시행령 제7조의2 제1항에 따라 '상시 사용하는 근로자 수'는 법 적용 사유 발생일 전 1개월 동안 사용한 근로자의 연인원을 같은 기간 중의 가동 일수로 나누어 산정함.
- 근로기준법 시행령 제7조의2 제2항 제2호에 따라, 산정 결과 법 적용 사업장에 해당하더라도 산정기간에 속하는 일별로 근로자 수를 파악했을 때 법 적용 기준에 미달한 일수가 2분의 1 이상인 경우에는 근로기준법이 적용되는 사업장으로 보지 않음.
- 근로기준법상 근로자는 사용자로부터 지휘·감독을 받으며 근로를 제공하고 그 대가로서 임금을 지급받는 자를 의미함.
- 판단:
- 사내이사 H은 원고 발행 주식의 49%를 보유한 사내이사로서 '회장' 호칭을 사용하고 폭넓은 결정권과 재량권을 지녔으며, 경영에 관여하였으므로 근로기준법상 근로자로 볼 수 없음.
- 해당 해고 전 1개월(2019. 1. 14. ~ 2019. 2. 13.) 동안의 근로자 수 산정 시, 고용보험 신고내역상 근로자 138명에 M(주 5일 근무 전제 17명)과 참가인(주 6일 근무 전제 6명)을 포함하여 총 161명으로 산정함.
- 연인원 161명을 가동 일수 30일로 나누면 상시 근로자 수는 5.36명으로 5인 이상임.
- M은 일용근로자가 아니며 고용보험 피보험자격을 유지하고 있었고, F 식당에 소속된 상태에서 휴가 또는 휴직과 유사하게 해석함이 타당함.
- 참가인은 대기발령 중이었으나 사업장의 규모 산정에 반영되어야 함.
- 따라서 F 식당은 상시 5인 이상의 근로자를 사용하는 사업장으로서 근로기준법의 적용을 받음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 근로기준법 제11조