서울행정법원 | 2020-08-13 | 2019구합87016
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
공무원의 선거운동 및 감찰 불응 행위에 대한 징계처분 정당성 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자의 공무원 징계처분 취소 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 1992. 7. 1. 교위(7급)로 임용되어 2010. 8. 2. 교정관(5급)으로 승진하였고, 2018. 1. 1.경부터 2019. 1. 27.경까지 B기관 분류심사과의 과장으로 근무함.
- 2018. 6. 13. C 선거 당일 07:00경, 근로자는 B기관 분류심사과 소속 직원 5명에게 특정 후보(E)에 대한 지지를 유도하고 다른 후보(D)를 비방하는 내용의 카카오톡 메시지(이하 '해당 사안 메시지')를 발송함.
- 근로자는 해당 사안 선거 다음 날인 2018. 6. 14. 해당 사안 메시지 수신자들에게 메시지 삭제를 요구함.
- 2018. 12.경 근로자의 행위가 법무부 감찰관실에 제보되어 감찰조사(이하 '해당 사안 감찰')가 시작됨.
- 근로자는 2018. 12. 20. 감찰관과의 면담에서 해당 사안 메시지 발송 사실을 부인하고 휴대전화 임의제출을 거부함.
- 회사는 근로자에게 중징계 의결을 요구하였고, 중앙징계위원회는 2019. 8. 23. 강등을 의결, 회사는 2019. 9. 11. 강등 징계처분을 함.
- 인사혁신처 소청심사위원회는 2019. 11. 7. 징계양정이 과중하다는 이유로 강등을 정직 3월로 변경하는 결정을 하였고, 회사는 2019. 11. 15. 이에 따라 징계처분을 정직 3월로 변경함(이하 '해당 처분').
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부
- 제1징계사유(선거운동) 관련:
- 법리: 구 공직선거법 제85조 제2항은 공무원이 그 지위를 이용하여 선거운동을 하는 것을 금지하며, 소속 직원을 대상으로 한 선거운동은 '지위를 이용한 선거운동'으로 간주함. 동법 제58조 제1항의 '선거운동'은 특정 후보자의 당선 또는 낙선을 도모한다는 목적의사가 객관적으로 인정될 수 있는 능동적이고 계획적인 행위를 의미하며, 이는 행위자의 의사가 아닌 외부에 표시된 행위를 대상으로 객관적으로 판단함. 국가공무원법 제65조 제2항은 공무원이 선거에서 특정 정당 또는 특정인을 지지하거나 반대하기 위한 투표 권유 운동을 금지함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 해당 사안 메시지는 특정 후보(E)에 대한 긍정적 평가와 다른 후보(D)에 대한 부정적 평가를 담고 있으며, E에게 투표를 권유하는 내용임.
- 메시지는 선거 당일 투표 시작 직후 발송되었고, 수신자 5명은 모두 근로자의 지휘·감독을 받는 소속 직원들이었음.
- 근로자는 메시지 발송 후 투표 종료 시까지 별다른 조치를 취하지 않았고, 다음 날에야 삭제를 요구함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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\uc9c1\ud6c4 \ubc1c\uc1a1\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc218\uc2e0\uc790 5\uba85\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \uc18c\uc18d \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc1a1 \ud6c4 \ud22c\ud45c \uc885\ub8cc \uc2dc\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubcc4\ub2e4\ub978 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ucde8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \ub2e4\uc74c \ub0a0\uc5d0\uc57c \uc0ad\uc81c\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\ucde8\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc2ec\uc2e0\ubbf8\uc57d \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uad6c \uacf5\uc9c1\uc120\uac70\ubc95 \uc81c85\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \ubc0f \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c65\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc81c1\ud638\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uc120\uac70\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uba70, \uc81c1\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### 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\ubd80\uc11c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud734\ub300\uc804\ud654 \uc784\uc758\uc81c\ucd9c \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud560 \uad8c\ud55c\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc0c1\uae30\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uac1c\uc778\uc815\ubcf4 \uc720\ucd9c \uc6b0\ub824\ub97c \ud45c\uba85\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc5ec\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ubc95\ubb34\ubd80 \uac10\ucc30\uaddc\uc815\uc740 \uac10\ucc30\ud611\uc870 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\ub098, \ud734\ub300\uc804\ud654 \uc784\uc758\uc81c\ucd9c \uac70\ubd80\uac00 \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uac1c\uc778\uc815\ubcf4 \uc720\ucd9c \uc704\ud5d8 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc784\uc758\uc81c\ucd9c \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ubc1c\uc5b8\uc5d0 '\uac10\ucc30\uad00\uc5d0\uac8c \ud734\ub300\uc804\ud654\ub97c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud558\uc9c0 \ub9d0\ub77c'\ub294 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \ud45c\ud604\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774\ub97c \uac10\ucc30 \ubd88\uc751 \uc694\uad6c\ub85c \ub2e8\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc81c2\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95 \uc81c63\uc870\n- \ubc95\ubb34\ubd80 \uac10\ucc30\uaddc\uc815(\ubc95\ubb34\ubd80\ud6c8\ub839 \uc81c811\ud638) \uc81c6\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n### \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac:** \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub9e1\uaca8\uc9c4 \uac83\uc774\ub098, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc704\ubc95\ud568. \ube44\uc704 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc131\uc9c8, \ud589\uc815 \ubaa9\uc801, \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc591\uc815 \uae30\uc900 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uba70, \ube44\ub840\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59\uc774\ub098 \ud3c9\ub4f1\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd04. \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba74 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8:**\n- \uc81c2\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ub098, \uc81c1\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \ube44\uc704\uc784.\n- \uc81c1\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uacfc\uc7a5 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \ubd80\uc11c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud2b9\uc815 \ud6c4\ubcf4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud22c\ud45c\ub97c \uad8c\uc720\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uc911\ub9bd\uacfc \uc120\uac70\uc758 \uacf5\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud574\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uc784.\n- \uad6c \uacf5\uc9c1\uc120\uac70\ubc95 \ubc0f \uad6d\uac00\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95\uc740 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uc120\uac70\uc6b4\ub3d9 \uae08\uc9c0\ub97c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ubc18 \uc2dc \uc9d5\uc5ed\ud615\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\ubc8c\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc5ec \uc785\ubc95\uc790\uc758 \uc911\ud55c \ucc98\ubc8c \uc758\ub3c4\uac00 \ubc18\uc601\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc74c. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ube44\ub09c\uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud07c.\n- \uad6c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 '\uc815\uce58 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uae08\uc9c0 \uc704\ubc18'\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ube44\uc704 \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud574\uc784 \ub610\ub294 \uac15\ub4f1-\uc815\uc9c1\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84(\uc815\uc9c1 3\uc6d4)\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud569\ud568.\n- \uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc720\ub9ac\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uac15\ub4f1\uc744 \uc815\uc9c1 3\uc6d4\ub85c \uac10\uacbd\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ube44\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \ubb34\uac70\uc6cc \ube44\ub840\uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uad6c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839(2020. 7. 28. \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\ub839 \uc81c30878\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c17\uc870\uc7583\n- \uad6c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub839 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59(2020. 7. 28. \ucd1d\ub9ac\ub839 \uc81c1632\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d, [\ubcc4\ud45c 1] \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2006. 5. 11. \uc120\uace0 2004\ub4505546 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2007. 5. 11. \uc120\uace0 2006\ub45019211 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2004. 6. 25. \uc120\uace0 2002\ub2e451555 \ud310\uacb0\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 27\ub144 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc131\uc2e4\ud558\uac8c \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uad50\uc815\ud589\uc815 \uad00\ub828 \ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \ub17c\ubb38\uc744 \uc791\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \uad50\uc815 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud568.\n- 1996. 12. 20. \uc218\uc6d0\uad6c\uce58\uc18c \uac1c\uccad \uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc95\ubb34\ubd80\uc7a5\uad00\ud45c\ucc3d\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \ud45c\ucc3d \uc2e4\uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud615\uc0ac\ucc98\ubc8c \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, 2005. 9. 1. \uac10\ubd09 3\uc6d4\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc804\ub825\uc740 2008. 8. 15. \ud2b9\ubcc4\uc0ac\uba74\ub428.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uc911\ub9bd \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, **\uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc120\uac70\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadf8 \ube44\ub09c\uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud06c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.**\n- **\uac10\ucc30 \ubd88\uc751 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \ubc29\uc5b4\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uc640 \uac10\ucc30 \ubc29\ud574 \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uacbd\uacc4\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.** \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ud734\ub300\uc804\ud654 \uc81c\ucd9c\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uac1c\uc778\uc815\ubcf4 \uc720\ucd9c \uc6b0\ub824\ub97c \ud45c\uba85\ud55c \uac83\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uac10\ucc30 \ubc29\ud574\ub85c \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec, \uac10\ucc30 \ub300\uc0c1\uc790\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac \ubcf4\ud638 \uce21\uba74\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ub428.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8 \uc2dc, \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 **\uc8fc\ub41c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc911\ub300\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba74 \uc804\uccb4 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ubc95\ub9ac\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9**\ud558\uc5ec, \uc81c1\uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc911\ub300\uc131\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc815\uc9c1 3\uc6d4\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uacbd\uc911\uacfc \uacf5\uc775\uc801 \ubaa9\uc801 \ub2ec\uc131\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud55c\ubc88 \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \ud310\ub840\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}
- 근로자의 주취로 인한 심신미약 주장은 이를 인정할 증거가 부족함.
- 따라서 근로자의 행위는 구 공직선거법 제85조 제2항 및 국가공무원법 제65조 제2항 제1호를 위반한 선거운동에 해당하며, 제1징계사유는 정당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 구 공직선거법(2019. 12. 3. 법률 제16671호로 개정되기 전의 것) 제58조 제1항, 제85조 제2항, 제255조 제3항 제2호
- 지방교육자치에 관한 법률 제49조 제1항
- 국가공무원법 제65조 제2항, 제84조 제1항
- 대법원 2015. 12. 23. 선고 2013도15113 판결
- 대법원 2016. 8. 26. 선고 2015도11812 전원합의체 판결
- 제2징계사유(감찰 불응) 관련:
- 법리: 국가공무원은 감사 또는 감찰에 응하고 조사에 협조할 의무가 있으나, 정당한 방어권을 넘어 합리적 사유 없이 불응하거나 다른 조사대상자에게 불응을 요구한 경우 품위유지의무 위반에 해당함.
- 법원의 판단:
- L의 진술조서에 근로자가 휴대전화 제출 거부를 지시했다는 내용이 있으나, L 외에 이를 들은 직원이 확인되지 않고, L 본인이 소청심사 과정에서 오해였다고 진술함.
- 근로자가 청와대 행정관 관련 신문기사를 언급하며 휴대