수원지방법원 | 2017-10-20 | 2017노4237
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
업무상 배임 항소심: 경영권 방어 목적의 송금 행위가 업무상 배임에 해당하는지 여부
결과 요약
- 피고인의 항소를 기각함.
- 원심의 징역 8개월, 집행유예 2년 형을 유지함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 피해자 회사의 대표이사였음.
- 피고인은 이사회에서 해임된 후, D에게 2억 원(해당 사안 송금액)을 송금함.
- 피고인은 해당 사안 송금액이 경영권 방어 및 회복을 위한 자금이라고 주장함.
- 해당 사안 송금액은 고소인들과 피해자 회사의 계약에 따라 '신약 연구개발비' 외 용도로는 사용 불가했음.
- 피해자 회사는 해당 사안 범행 당시 미지급 급여 및 퇴직급여가 7억 원 초과, 산업은행 차입금 6,300만 원 상환 필요 등 시급한 채무가 있었음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
경영권 방어를 위한 경영적 판단이 위법하지 않다는 주장에 대한 판단
- 법리: 업무상 배임죄는 타인의 사무를 처리하는 자가 그 임무에 위배하는 행위로써 재산상 이익을 취득하거나 제3자로 하여금 이를 취득하게 하여 본인에게 손해를 가함으로써 성립함. 여기서 '임무 위배 행위'는 본인과의 신임관계를 저버리는 일체의 행위를 의미하며, 경영 판단의 재량 범위 내에 있더라도 회사의 이익에 반하는 행위는 임무 위배에 해당할 수 있음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고인을 해임한 이사회 소집 절차에 하자가 있었더라도, 피고인의 경영권 방어 또는 회복을 바로 회사의 이익으로 볼 수 없음.
- 피고인은 검찰에서 D에게 회사 계좌 정지에 대비하여 2억 원을 송금했다고 진술함.
- 피고인은 해당 사안 송금액이 전환사채 상환금이 아니라 임의로 사용한 것이며, 대표이사 재취임을 위한 자금으로 D에게 주었다고 진술함.
- 해당 사안 송금액은 신약 연구개발비 외 용도로는 사용 불가했음.
- 위 사정들을 종합할 때, 피고인은 자신의 경영권 방어라는 순전히 개인적인 목적으로 해당 사안 범행을 하였다고 봄.
- 따라서 피고인의 이 부분 주장은 이유 없음.
피해자 회사의 손해가 없거나 피고인이 취득한 이익이 없다는 주장에 대한 판단
- 법리: 업무상 배임죄에서 재산상 손해는 현실적인 손해뿐만 아니라 재산상 이익을 얻을 기회를 상실한 경우도 포함하며, 행위자가 재산상 이익을 취득하지 않았더라도 제3자가 이익을 취득하였다면 범죄 성립에 지장이 없음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인의 항소를 기각한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784 \ud56d\uc18c\uc2ec: \uacbd\uc601\uad8c \ubc29\uc5b4 \ubaa9\uc801\uc758 \uc1a1\uae08 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ud56d\uc18c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \uc9d5\uc5ed 8\uac1c\uc6d4, \uc9d1\ud589\uc720\uc608 2\ub144 \ud615\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc600\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc774\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\uc784\ub41c \ud6c4, D\uc5d0\uac8c 2\uc5b5 \uc6d0(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc1a1\uae08\uc561)\uc744 \uc1a1\uae08\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc1a1\uae08\uc561\uc774 \uacbd\uc601\uad8c \ubc29\uc5b4 \ubc0f \ud68c\ubcf5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc790\uae08\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc1a1\uae08\uc561\uc740 \uace0\uc18c\uc778\ub4e4\uacfc \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c '\uc2e0\uc57d \uc5f0\uad6c\uac1c\ubc1c\ube44' \uc678 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \ubd88\uac00\ud588\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc94\ud589 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uae09\uc5ec \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\uac00 7\uc5b5 \uc6d0 \ucd08\uacfc, \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc740\ud589 \ucc28\uc785\uae08 6,300\ub9cc \uc6d0 \uc0c1\ud658 \ud544\uc694 \ub4f1 \uc2dc\uae09\ud55c \ucc44\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uacbd\uc601\uad8c \ubc29\uc5b4\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uacbd\uc601\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\ub294 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\ud558\uc790\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uad8c \ubc29\uc5b4 \ub610\ub294 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc744 \ubc14\ub85c \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uac80\ucc30\uc5d0\uc11c D\uc5d0\uac8c \ud68c\uc0ac \uacc4\uc88c \uc815\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ube44\ud558\uc5ec 2\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc744 \uc1a1\uae08\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc1a1\uae08\uc561\uc774 \uc804\ud658\uc0ac\ucc44 \uc0c1\ud658\uae08\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc784\uc758\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uba70, \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac \uc7ac\ucde8\uc784\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc790\uae08\uc73c\ub85c D\uc5d0\uac8c \uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc1a1\uae08\uc561\uc740 \uc2e0\uc57d \uc5f0\uad6c\uac1c\ubc1c\ube44 \uc678 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \ubd88\uac00\ud588\uc74c.\n- \uc704 \uc0ac\uc815\ub4e4\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud560 \ub54c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uad8c \ubc29\uc5b4\ub77c\ub294 \uc21c\uc804\ud788 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc94\ud589\uc744 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd04.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n### \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc190\ud574\uac00 \uc5c6\uac70\ub098 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud55c \uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ub294 \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc778 \uc190\ud574\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc5bb\uc744 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc0c1\uc2e4\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub3c4 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uba70, \ud589\uc704\uc790\uac00 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc81c3\uc790\uac00 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uba74 \ubc94\uc8c4 \uc131\ub9bd\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc7a5\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc94\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc1a1\uae08\uc561\uc744 \ubcf8\ub798 \uc6a9\ub3c4\uc778 \uc2e0\uc57d \uc5f0\uad6c\uac1c\ubc1c \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uae30\ud68c\uc640 \uc608\uae08 \uc774\uc790 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561\uc744 \uc0c1\uc2e4\ud568.\n- \ub9cc\uc57d \uc804\ud658\uc0ac\ucc44 \ub9cc\uae30\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ucc44\uad8c\uc790 D\uc774 \uc804\ud658\uad8c\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud588\ub2e4\uba74, \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uc804\ud658\uc0ac\ucc44 \ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\ub3c4 \ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc784.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc1a1\uae08\uc561\uc744 \uc2e0\uc57d \uc5f0\uad6c\uac1c\ubc1c \uc6a9\ub3c4 \uc678\uc5d0 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4 \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uae09\uc5ec, \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec, \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc740\ud589 \ucc28\uc785\uae08 \uc0c1\ud658 \ub4f1 \uc2dc\uae09\ud788 \uc9c0\ucd9c\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ub2e4\ub978 \ucc44\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 D\uc774 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ubc94\uc8c4 \uc131\ub9bd\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc7a5\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc704 \uc0ac\uc815\ub4e4\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud560 \ub54c, \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uc6d0\uc2ec \ud310\uc2dc\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\ub97c \uc785\uc5c8\uace0 D\uc740 \uadf8 \uae08\uc561 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc758 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd04.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc94\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uc6d0\uc2ec \ud310\uc2dc \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc801 \uc190\ud574 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uac70\ub798\ucc98\uc778 \uace0\uc18c\uc778\ub4e4\uacfc\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uae68\uc9c0\uace0 \uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \ud574\uc9c0\ub418\ub294 \ud53c\ud574\ub97c \uc785\uc74c.\n- \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uace0\uc18c\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc5f0\uad6c\uac1c\ubc1c\ube44 3\uc5b5 3,000\ub9cc \uc6d0\uacfc \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \ubd80\ub2f4\ud558\uac8c \ub428.\n- \ud604\uc7ac\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc704\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\uac00 \ud68c\ubcf5\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \uc591\ud615 \ud310\ub2e8(\uc9d5\uc5ed 8\uac1c\uc6d4, \uc9d1\ud589\uc720\uc608 2\ub144)\uc774 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\uace0 \ud3c9\uac00\ub418\uac70\ub098 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \ucc3e\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 **\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 '\uacbd\uc601 \ud310\ub2e8'\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\uc640 '\uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574'\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8**\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc774 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 **\uacbd\uc601\uad8c \ubc29\uc5b4 \ubaa9\uc801\uc774 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc775 \ucd94\uad6c\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uba70 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uacfc \ubb34\uad00\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810**\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uacbd\uc601\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc774 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ub420 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uac00 \uc131\ub9bd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- **\ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc190\ud574 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uae30\ud68c\ube44\uc6a9 \uc0c1\uc2e4 \ubc0f \uc81c3\uc790\uc758 \uc774\ub4dd \ucde8\ub4dd\uae4c\uc9c0 \uace0\ub824**\ud558\uc5ec \ubc30\uc784\uc8c4\uc758 \uc131\ub9bd \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ub113\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc2dc\uae09\ud55c \ucc44\ubb34\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf8\ub798 \uc6a9\ub3c4 \uc678\uc758 \uc790\uae08 \uc720\uc6a9\uc740 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \uc57c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568."}
- 법원의 판단:
- 해당 사안 범행으로 피해자 회사는 해당 사안 송금액을 본래 용도인 신약 연구개발 목적으로 사용할 기회와 예금 이자 상당액을 상실함.
- 만약 전환사채 만기일에 사채권자 D이 전환권을 행사했다면, 피해자 회사는 전환사채 채무를 이행하지 않아도 되었을 것임.
- 해당 사안 송금액을 신약 연구개발 용도 외에 다른 목적으로 사용할 수 있었다 하더라도, 피해자 회사는 미지급 급여, 퇴직급여, 산업은행 차입금 상환 등 시급히 지출해야 할 다른 채무가 있었음.
- 해당 사안 공소사실은 D이 재산상 이익을 취득했다는 것이므로, 피고인이 재산상 이익을 취득하지 않았더라도 범죄 성립에 지장이 없음.
- 위 사정들을 종합할 때, 피해자 회사는 원심 판시와 같은 피해를 입었고 D은 그 금액 상당의 재산상 이익을 취득했다고 봄.
- 따라서 피고인의 이 부분 주장은 이유 없음.
참고사실
- 해당 사안 범행으로 인해 피해자 회사는 원심 판시 재산적 손해 외에도 거래처인 고소인들과의 신뢰관계가 깨지고 계약이 해지되는 피해를 입음.
- 이로 인해 피해자 회사는 고소인들에게 연구개발비 3억 3,000만 원과 지연손해금을 지급할 채무를 부담하게 됨.
- 현재까지 위와 같은 피해가 회복되지 않음.
- 원심의 양형 판단(징역 8개월, 집행유예 2년)이 재량의 합리적 한계를 벗어났다고 평가되거나 부당하다고 인정할 사정을 찾을 수 없음.
검토
- 본 판결은 업무상 배임죄에 있어 '경영 판단'의 한계와 '재산상 손해'의 의미를 명확히 함.
- 피고인이 주장하는 경영권 방어 목적이 개인적인 이익 추구에 불과하며 회사의