서울행정법원 | 2016-06-17 | 2016구합52583
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
부당해고 구제명령 불이행에 따른 이행강제금 부과처분 취소 청구 사건
결과 요약
- 근로자의 이행강제금 부과처분 취소 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2012. 10. 10. 설립된 온라인 및 모바일 게임 개발, 판매, 서비스업 영위 업체임.
- 해당 사안 근로자 23명은 2015. 5. 14. 근로자로부터 해고당함.
- 해당 사안 근로자들은 2014. 6. 22. 피고(서울지방노동위원회)에 부당해고 구제신청을 함.
- 회사는 2015. 9. 7. 해당 해고가 부당해고임을 인정하고, 근로자에게 원직복직에 갈음하여 각 금전보상금을 지급하라는 구제명령을 내림.
- 근로자는 2015. 10. 12. 중앙노동위원회에 재심을 신청함.
- 근로자는 2015. 11. 12. 회사에 '대법원의 현명한 최종판단 전까지는 부당해고가 아니며 노동위원회의 1차 편파적인 판단은 따를 수 없어서 재심 신청 상태임.'이라는 내용의 구제명령 이행결과 통보서를 제출하며 구제명령 이행을 사실상 거부함.
- 회사는 2016. 1. 13. 근로자에 총 115,000,000원(근로자 1인당 각 5,000,000원 × 23명)의 1차 이행강제금 부과처분을 함.
- 중앙노동위원회는 2016. 2. 24. 근로자의 재심신청을 기각함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
이행강제금 부과처분의 적법성
- 근로자는 해당 사안 근로자들의 업무 미흡, 인수인계 지연, 회비 등으로 사업 계속이 불가능하거나 고의로 막대한 지장, 재산상 손해를 끼친 경우에 해당하여 해고 예고 통지가 필요 없는 경우이므로 부당해고가 아니라고 주장함.
- 또한, T, W에 대해서는 수습계약 및 복무규정에 따라 수습기간 중 근로 부적당으로 채용하지 않은 결정이므로 해고로 볼 수 없다고 주장함.
- 해당 사안 각 금전보상금이 해당 사안 근로자들의 중간수입이 공제되지 아니한 채 산정되어 위법하다고 주장하며 해당 사안 구제명령의 위법성을 전제로 해당 사안 이행강제금 처분의 취소를 구함.
- 법원은 해당 사안 구제명령이 행정행위로서 처분청 또는 법원 등 권한 있는 기관에 의하여 취소되기 전까지는 효력을 가지고, 중앙노동위원회에 대한 재심신청이나 행정소송의 제기에 의하여 그 효력이 정지되지 아니한다고 판단함.
- 해당 사안 이행강제금 처분은 유효한 구제명령을 이행하지 아니한 데 따른 제재처분으로서, 구제명령의 하자가 당연히 승계된다고 할 수 없으며, 구제명령의 위법사유에 나아가 판단하지 아니함.
- 해당 사안 구제명령에 중대·명백한 하자가 존재하여 당연무효라고 볼 근거도 없다고 판단함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uccad\uad6c \uc0ac\uac74\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2012. 10. 10. \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \uc628\ub77c\uc778 \ubc0f \ubaa8\ubc14\uc77c \uac8c\uc784 \uac1c\ubc1c, \ud310\ub9e4, \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc5c5 \uc601\uc704 \uc5c5\uccb4\uc784.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 23\uba85\uc740 2015. 5. 14. \uc6d0\uace0\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ud574\uace0\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 2014. 6. 22. \ud53c\uace0(\uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c)\uc5d0 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2015. 9. 7. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc784\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc6d0\uc9c1\ubcf5\uc9c1\uc5d0 \uac08\uc74c\ud558\uc5ec \uac01 \uae08\uc804\ubcf4\uc0c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\ub77c\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9bc.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 10. 12. \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc744 \uc2e0\uccad\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 11. 12. \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0 '\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud604\uba85\ud55c \ucd5c\uc885\ud310\ub2e8 \uc804\uae4c\uc9c0\ub294 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70 \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 1\ucc28 \ud3b8\ud30c\uc801\uc778 \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \ub530\ub97c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc11c \uc7ac\uc2ec \uc2e0\uccad \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc784.'\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc758 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \uc774\ud589\uacb0\uacfc \ud1b5\ubcf4\uc11c\ub97c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud558\uba70 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \uac70\ubd80\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2016. 1. 13. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ucd1d 115,000,000\uc6d0(\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 1\uc778\ub2f9 \uac01 5,000,000\uc6d0 \u00d7 23\uba85)\uc758 1\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud568.\n- \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2016. 2. 24. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34 \ubbf8\ud761, \uc778\uc218\uc778\uacc4 \uc9c0\uc5f0, \ud68c\ube44 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc5c5 \uacc4\uc18d\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uace0\uc758\ub85c \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc7a5, \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \ub07c\uce5c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uace0 \uc608\uace0 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uac00 \ud544\uc694 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, T, W\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc218\uc2b5\uacc4\uc57d \ubc0f \ubcf5\ubb34\uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc218\uc2b5\uae30\uac04 \uc911 \uadfc\ub85c \ubd80\uc801\ub2f9\uc73c\ub85c \ucc44\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacb0\uc815\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \ud574\uace0\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \uae08\uc804\ubcf4\uc0c1\uae08\uc774 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc911\uac04\uc218\uc785\uc774 \uacf5\uc81c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \ucc44 \uc0b0\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ucde8\uc18c\ub97c \uad6c\ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc774 \ud589\uc815\ud589\uc704\ub85c\uc11c \ucc98\ubd84\uccad \ub610\ub294 \ubc95\uc6d0 \ub4f1 \uad8c\ud55c \uc788\ub294 \uae30\uad00\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \ucde8\uc18c\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uae4c\uc9c0\ub294 \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0, \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc774\ub098 \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\uc758 \uc81c\uae30\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uadf8 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc815\uc9c0\ub418\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc720\ud6a8\ud55c \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc744 \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \ub370 \ub530\ub978 \uc81c\uc7ac\ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c, \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \ud558\uc790\uac00 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \uc2b9\uacc4\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ub098\uc544\uac00 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc5d0 \uc911\ub300\u00b7\uba85\ubc31\ud55c \ud558\uc790\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc5ec \ub2f9\uc5f0\ubb34\ud6a8\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uadfc\uac70\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uae08\uc804\ubcf4\uc0c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\ub77c\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc744 \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uace0, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uadfc\uac70\ubc95\ub839\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubc1c\ud558\uc5ec\uc9c4 \uac83\uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc704\ubc95\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c32\uc870**: \ud589\uc815\uc2ec\ud310\uc758 \uc81c\uae30\ub098 \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\uc758 \uc81c\uae30\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc815\uc9c0\ub418\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc774 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uac8c \uc874\uc18d\ud558\ub294 \ud55c, \uadf8 \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc801\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \ub2e4\ud22c\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4\uc758 \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \uc790\uccb4\uc758 \ucde8\uc18c \ub610\ub294 \ubb34\ud6a8 \ud655\uc778\uc744 \uad6c\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \ud558\uc790\uac00 \uc911\ub300\u00b7\uba85\ubc31\ud558\uc5ec \ub2f9\uc5f0\ubb34\ud6a8\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568."}
- 근로자가 금전보상금을 지급하라는 구제명령을 이행하지 아니하였음이 인정되고, 해당 사안 이행강제금 처분은 근거법령에 따라 발하여진 것이어서 그 자체에 달리 위법사유가 없다고 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 근로기준법 제32조: 행정심판의 제기나 행정소송의 제기에 의하여 구제명령의 효력이 정지되지 아니함.
검토
- 본 판결은 노동위원회의 구제명령이 유효하게 존속하는 한, 그 불이행에 따른 이행강제금 부과처분은 적법하다는 원칙을 재확인함.
- 구제명령의 위법성을 다투기 위해서는 별도의 행정소송을 통해 구제명령 자체의 취소 또는 무효 확인을 구해야 함을 시사함.
- 이행강제금 부과처분 취소소송에서는 구제명령의 하자가 중대·명백하여 당연무효인 경우를 제외하고는 구제명령의 위법성을 주장할 수 없음을 명확히 함.