서울남부지방법원 | 2024-12-06 | 2023가합108037
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
버스 운전기사의 반복적인 지연운행 및 배차지시 불이행에 따른 정직처분 정당성 인정
결과 요약
- 근로자의 반복적인 지연운행 및 배차지시 불이행에 따른 정직처분은 정당하며, 근로자의 미지급 임금 청구는 기각됨.
사실관계
- 회사는 여객 자동차 운송사업을 영위하는 회사로, 근로자는 피고 소속 E 지선버스 운전기사임.
- 회사는 근로자가 2023. 8. 1.부터 8. 29.까지 18차례에 걸쳐 배차명령 등 업무지시에 불응하여 배차질서를 문란케 하였다는 이유로 2023. 9. 12. 근로자에게 정직 1개월의 1차 정직처분을 통지함.
- 회사는 근로자가 1차 정직처분 복직 직후인 2023. 10. 18.부터 10. 28.까지 반복하여 고의로 지연운행을 하였다는 이유로 2023. 11. 17. 근로자에게 정직 1개월 15일의 2차 정직처분을 통지함.
- 회사는 근로자가 2024. 1. 11.부터 3. 15.까지 반복하여 고의로 지연운행을 하였다는 이유로 2024. 5. 21. 근로자에게 정직 3개월의 3차 정직처분을 통지함.
- 근로자는 해당 사안 각 정직처분이 부당하다며 미지급 임금 26,415,383원 및 지연손해금 지급을 청구함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존재 여부
- 법리: 자동차운송사업에서 사용자의 배차행위 또는 배차 지시는 필수적이고 통상적인 업무수행명령에 속하므로, 근로자인 운전사는 특별한 사정이 없는 한 이에 따라야 하며, 이를 거부하는 것은 근로계약에 따른 근로제공의무를 이행하지 않는 것으로 징계사유가 될 수 있음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는 회사의 정당한 업무지시에 따르지 않고 지연출발 또는 지연운행을 반복한 비위사실이 인정됨.
- 회사의 배차지시가 부당하다는 근로자의 주장은 아래와 같은 이유로 받아들여지지 않음.
- 근로자는 근로계약 체결 시 운행 중 도로환경 등으로 식사시간이나 휴식시간을 지키지 못하더라도 배차지시에 순응하고, 사업 운영상 조조출근, 연장근로, 야간근로, 휴일근로가 필연적인 사항임을 인지하고 근로 지시에 따르기로 합의하였음.
- 임금협정상 1일 기준근로시간 9시간을 월 단위로 상계하는 것은 2교대 근무의 특성 때문이며, 노선통폐합 이후 월 평균 운행횟수를 조정하여 근로시간이 9시간을 초과하지 않도록 조치하였으므로, 특정 근로일의 근로시간이 9시간을 초과하더라도 배차지시가 부당하다고 볼 수 없음.
- 2023. 7. 5.자 운행계통변경 공고는 서울시의 공문을 안내한 것에 불과하여 취업규칙에 해당하지 않으므로, 근로기준법 제94조 제1항에 따른 동의를 거치지 않았다는 주장은 이유 없음.
- 노선통폐합은 노사협의회 합의 및 서울시의 개선명령에 따라 이루어진 것이므로, 노사간 합의 없이 근무시간이나 휴식시간 변경이 이루어졌다고 보기 어려움.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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18\ucc28\ub840\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \ubc30\ucc28\uba85\ub839 \ub4f1 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubd88\uc751\ud558\uc5ec \ubc30\ucc28\uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c 2023. 9. 12. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c **\uc815\uc9c1 1\uac1c\uc6d4\uc758 1\ucc28 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84**\uc744 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 1\ucc28 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc9c1\ud6c4\uc778 2023. 10. 18.\ubd80\ud130 10. 28.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uace0\uc758\ub85c \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc6b4\ud589\uc744 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c 2023. 11. 17. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c **\uc815\uc9c1 1\uac1c\uc6d4 15\uc77c\uc758 2\ucc28 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84**\uc744 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2024. 1. 11.\ubd80\ud130 3. 15.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uace0\uc758\ub85c \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc6b4\ud589\uc744 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c 2024. 5. 21. 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\uc815\uc2dc\uc778\uc815\ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ucd08\uacfc\ud560 \ub9cc\ud07c \uc9c0\uc5f0\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ubc84\uc2a4 \uae30\ub2a5\uc774\ub098 \uc6b4\ud589\uacbd\ub85c\uc0c1\uc758 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc815\ub958\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc6b4\uc804\uae30\uc0ac\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \uc624\ub798 \uc815\ucc28\ud558\uc600\ub294\ub370, \uc2b9\uac1d \uc2b9\u00b7\ud558\ucc28\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uc774\uc720\ub97c \ucc3e\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ube44\uc704\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \ud53c\uace0 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c18\uc870, \uc81c21\uc870\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ubc30\ucc28\uba85\ub839\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ub530\ub974\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud53c\uace0 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2000. 6. 23. \uc120\uace0 98\ub2e454960 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c94\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n- \uc5ec\uac1d\uc790\ub3d9\ucc28 \uc6b4\uc218\uc0ac\uc5c5\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e1\uaca8\uc9c4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ud558\uba70, \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ub840\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9c1\ubb34\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc131\uc9c8, \uc9d5\uacc4 \ubaa9\uc801 \ubc0f \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \ucc38\uc791\ud558\uc5ec \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub77c\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c18\uc870 \uc81c32\ud638('\uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \ubc30\ucc28\uba85\ub839\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \ub54c'), \uc81c18\uc870 \uc81c5\ud638('\ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc9c0\uc2dc \ub610\ub294 \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\uba85\ub839\uc5d0 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \ubd88\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c1\uc7a5 \uaddc\uc728\uc744 \ubb38\ub780\ucf00 \ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0')\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uba70, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c18\uc870\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc870\uce58\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c21\uc870 \uc81c20\ud638\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uba74, \uc6b4\uc804\uae30\uc0ac\ub294 \uc6b4\ud589\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubb34\uae09\uc815\uc9c1 \ub610\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc870\uce58\ub97c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc2dc\ub0b4\ubc84\uc2a4 \ub178\uc120 \uc6b4\ud589 \uc644\uc218\ub294 \ud53c\uace0 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc0c1 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uace0 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6b4\ud589\uc2dc\uac04, \uc6b4\ud589\ud69f\uc218, \uc6b4\ud589\ub178\uc120\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc6b4\uc804\uae30\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc5c4\ud558\uac8c \uaddc\uc728\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc740 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc815\uc9c1 \ub610\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc911\uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub178\uc120\uc758 \uc6b4\ud589\ud69f\uc218\ub294 \uc11c\uc6b8\ud2b9\ubcc4\uc2dc\uac00 \uc9c0\uc815\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \ubc30\ucc28\uc815\uc2dc\uc131\uacfc \ub9c9\ucc28\uc6b4\ud589 \uc900\uc218 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3c9\uac00\ud56d\ubaa9\uc774\uba70, \ud3c9\uac00\uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc11c\uc6b8\ud2b9\ubcc4\uc2dc\uc758 \uc131\uacfc\uc774\uc724 \ubc30\ubd84\uc5d0 \ucc28\ub4f1\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud568. \uc2dc\ub0b4\ubc84\uc2a4 \uc6b4\ud589\uc740 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc758 \uc774\ub3d9\ud3b8\uc775 \ub4f1 \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uacfc \ubc00\uc811\ud558\uac8c \uad00\ub828\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc6b4\ud589\uc2dc\uac04\uacfc \ud69f\uc218\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \ud07c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 1\ucc28 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84 \uc774\ud6c4 \ubcf5\uc9c1 3\uc77c \ub9cc\uc5d0 2\ucc28 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc800\uc9c8\ub800\uace0, 2\ucc28 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc800\uc9c8\ub7ec 3\ucc28 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc74c. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \ubc18\ubcf5\uc131, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\ubb34 \ud2b9\uc131 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc911\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc784\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\ub294 '\ub2e4\uc2dc \ud55c \ubc88 \uac1c\uc804\uc758 \uc815\uc744 \uae30\ub300'\ud558\uba70 \uac01 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b0 \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \uac00\ud639\ud55c \ucc98\ubd84\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uac00\ubcbc\uc6b4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \ub0b4\ub824\uc84c\uac70\ub098 \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uac00 \ub0b4\ub824\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud615\ud3c9\uc131 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ub3c4 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \uc815\uc9c1\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e1\uaca8\uc9c4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2012. 9. 27. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub2e499279 \ud310\uacb0\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ubc84\uc2a4 \uc6b4\uc804\uae30\uc0ac\uc758 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc9c0\uc2dc \ubd88\uc774\ud589 \ubc0f \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc6b4\ud589\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc6b4\uc218\uc5c5\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uc0c1 \ubc30\ucc28\uc9c0\uc2dc\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uacfc \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba70, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc81c\uacf5\uc758\ubb34 \uc774\ud589\uacfc \uc9c1\uc7a5 \uaddc\uc728 \uc900\uc218\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \ubc0f \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \uba85\uc2dc\ub41c \uc758\ubb34\uc640 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uaddc\uc815\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\uc640 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc99d\uac70\uc640 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubc18\ubc15\ud568.\n- \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815 \ud310\ub2e8 \uc2dc \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc131, \uc9c1\ubb34\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ud3c9\uac00 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc\uc758 \uc5f0\uad00\uc131 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ub428."}
- 근로자의 지연운행은 단순히 준법운행으로 인한 결과라는 설명은 납득하기 어려움.
- 근로자의 운행기록을 보면 선행 버스와의 운행간격이 최소 8분에서 최대 41분까지 벌어지면서 반복적으로 지연운행이 발생하였고, 이는 서울특별시의 '시내버스회사 평가 매뉴얼'에서 정한 배차간격에 따른 정시인정범위를 상당히 초과하는 수준임.
- 근로자가 버스 결함이나 작동 이상을 보고한 사실이 없고, 다른 운전기사의 운행시간은 정시인정범위를 초과할 만큼 지연되지 않았으므로, 버스 기능이나 운행경로상의 특별한 문제가 있었다고 보기 어려움.
- 근로자는 대부분의 정류장에서 다른 운전기사보다 훨씬 오래 정차하였는데, 승객 승·하차시간을 고려하더라도 그 이유를 찾기 어려움.
- 따라서 근로자의 비위사실은 피고 취업규칙 제18조, 제21조에 위반하여 배차명령을 거부하거나 따르지 아니함으로써 피고 사업장의 질서를 문란케 하는 행위에 해당하므로, 해당 사안 각 정직처분의 징계사유가 존재함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2000. 6. 23. 선고 98다54960 판결
- 근로기준법 제94조 제1항
- 여객