서울행정법원 | 2019-08-30 | 2018구합89022
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
교원 재임용 거부 처분 취소 소송: 학칙 개정의 예측 가능성 및 법령 위반 여부
결과 요약
- 원고(학교법인)의 청구를 기각하고, 소송비용은 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 참가인은 A대학교 관광과 부교수로 재직 중 2011. 9. 1. 재임용(2011. 9. 1. ~ 2017. 8. 31.)됨.
- 근로자는 2015. 5. 29. 참가인에게 의원면직 승인을 통보하였으나, 피고(교원소청심사위원회)는 2015. 8. 26. 면직처분 취소 결정을 내렸고, 이 결정은 2017. 3. 31. 확정됨.
- 근로자는 2015. 12. 23. 참가인에게 징계 파면 처분을 하였으나, 회사는 2016. 4. 6. 파면처분 취소 결정을 내렸고, 이 결정은 2017. 11. 27. 확정됨.
- 근로자는 2018. 2. 27. 참가인에게 파면 처분 취소 통지와 함께 재임용 신청을 요구하였고, 참가인은 2018. 3. 12. 재임용 심의 신청서를 제출함.
- 해당 사안 학교 교원인사위원회는 2018. 4. 3. 관광과 재학생 수에 따른 교원 과원을 이유로 참가인에게 전공전환 기회 부여를 의결함.
- 근로자는 2018. 4. 17. 참가인에게 전공전환 신청서 제출을 통지하였으나, 참가인은 제출하지 않음.
- 해당 사안 학교 교원인사위원회는 2018. 5. 15. 참가인에 대한 재임용 탈락을 의결하였고, 근로자는 2018. 6. 28. 참가인에게 재임용 거부 처분 사유 설명서를 교부함.
- 참가인은 2018. 5. 15. 회사에게 재임용 거부 처분 취소를 청구하였고, 회사는 2018. 9. 5. 해당 사안 재임용 거부 처분을 취소하는 결정을 내림.
- 근로자는 회사의 재임용 거부 처분 취소 결정이 위법하다고 주장하며 행정소송을 제기함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
재임용 심사 신청권의 법적 성질 및 학칙 개정의 예측 가능성
- 구 사립학교법 제53조의2 제4항 내지 제8항은 사립학교 교원의 재임용 심사 신청권을 보장하는 강행규정임.
- 교원인사위원회가 학칙에 근거하여 재임용 여부를 심의할 수 있으나, 교원에게 불이익하게 적용되는 학칙은 해당 교원이 그 사실을 알았거나 예측 가능성이 존재하여 정당한 심사를 준비할 기회가 있었음이 인정되어야 함.
- 해당 사안 재임용 거부 처분의 근거가 된 학칙 규정들은 참가인이 부당하게 면직되거나 파면된 이후에 제정·개정되었고, 특히 핵심 규정들은 원래 임용기간 만료일 이후에 개정·시행되었음.
- 근로자는 참가인에게 재임용 신청을 요구하면서도 개정된 학칙 규정에 대한 안내를 전혀 하지 않았으므로, 참가인에게는 해당 학칙 규정에 따른 전공전환 거부 시 재임용 탈락에 대한 예측 가능성이 없었음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 원고가 부담한다.
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\ub0b4\ub838\uace0, \uc774 \uacb0\uc815\uc740 2017. 3. 31. \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 12. 23. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9d5\uacc4 \ud30c\uba74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2016. 4. 6. \ud30c\uba74\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ub0b4\ub838\uace0, \uc774 \uacb0\uc815\uc740 2017. 11. 27. \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2018. 2. 27. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ud30c\uba74 \ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2018. 3. 12. \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uc2ec\uc758 \uc2e0\uccad\uc11c\ub97c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc6d0\uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2018. 4. 3. \uad00\uad11\uacfc \uc7ac\ud559\uc0dd \uc218\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uad50\uc6d0 \uacfc\uc6d0\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\uacf5\uc804\ud658 \uae30\ud68c 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\uc704\ubc18\ub428.**\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80 \ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uacb0\uc815\uc774 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uad6c \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95(2017. 11. 28. \ubc95\ub960 \uc81c15040\ud638\ub85c \uc77c\ubd80\uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c53\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c7\ud56d\n### \uc9c1\uad8c\uba74\uc9c1 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc640 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80 \ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \ucc28\uc774 \ubc0f \ubc95\uc815\uad50\uc6d0\uc218 \uc0b0\uc815\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\n- \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud3d0\uacfc\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc9c1\uad8c\uba74\uc9c1\uacfc \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9\uc740 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc801 \ucde8\uc9c0\uac00 \ub2e4\ub974\uba70, \uc9c1\uad8c\uba74\uc9c1\uc740 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e0\ubd84\ubcf4\uc7a5 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uae30\uc900\uacfc \uadfc\uac70\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uacb0\uc815\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\uc9c1\uad8c\uba74\uc9c1\uc774 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc5ec \uc804\uacf5\uc804\ud658 \uc2e0\uccad \uac70\ubd80\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud55c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80\uac00 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2d8.**\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \ud559\uacfc \uad6c\uc870\uac1c\ud3b8\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uc815 \uc81c5\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc740 **\uad6c \ub300\ud559\uc124\ub9bd\u00b7\uc6b4\uc601\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c6\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ub418\uc5b4 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.**\n- \uad6c \ub300\ud559\uc124\ub9bd\u00b7\uc6b4\uc601\uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud559\uad50 \uad00\uad11\uacfc\uc758 \uad50\uc6d0 \ubc95\uc815\uc815\uc6d0\uc740 20\uba85\uc73c\ub85c, \ud604\uc7ac 4\uba85\uc758 \uad50\uc6d0\uc740 \ubc95\uc815\uc815\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ucc38 \ubaa8\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uc218\uc784.\n- **\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uacfc\uc6d0 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \uc798\ubabb\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ud2b9\uc815 \uad50\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c\ub9cc \ubd88\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uaddc\uc815\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ud3c9\ub4f1\uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubc18\ud568.**\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80 \ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uacb0\uc815\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2008. 3. 13. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub2e466071 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uad6c \ub300\ud559\uc124\ub9bd\u00b7\uc6b4\uc601\uaddc\uc815(2018. 6. 19. \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\ub839 \uc81c28971\ud638\ub85c \uc77c\ubd80\uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c6\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n- \uace0\ub4f1\uad50\uc721\ubc95 \uc81c6\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uc2ec\uc0ac \uc2dc \ud559\uce59 \uac1c\uc815\uc758 \uc608\uce21 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uacfc \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80 \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uad50\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ud558\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ud559\uce59 \uac1c\uc815\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud574\ub2f9 \uad50\uc6d0\uc774 \uc774\ub97c \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \ub300\ube44\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uae30\ud68c\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc84c\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uac8c \uace0\ub824\ub428\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \ud559\uacfc \uad6c\uc870\uc870\uc815 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud55c \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uac70\ubd80 \ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uad6c \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95\uc774 \uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc7ac\uc784\uc6a9 \uc2ec\uc758 \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub0a0 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc5ec, \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc790\uc758\uc801\uc778 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ub098\uc544\uac00, \ubc95\uc815\uad50\uc6d0\uc218 \uc0b0\uc815 \uc2dc \uc0c1\uc704 \ubc95\ub839\uc778 \ub300\ud559\uc124\ub9bd\u00b7\uc6b4\uc601\uaddc\uc815\uc744 \uc6b0\uc120 \uc801\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc5ec, \ud559\uad50 \ud559\uce59\uc774 \uc0c1\uc704 \ubc95\ub839\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ub420 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e0\ubd84 \ubcf4\uc7a5\uacfc \uc608\uce21 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ubc95\uc801 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \ud310\uacb0\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}
- 법원은 회사의 재임용 거부 처분 취소 결정이 정당하다고 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2012. 4. 12. 선고 2011두22686 판결
- 구 사립학교법(2017. 11. 28. 법률 제15040호로 일부개정되기 전의 것) 제53조의2 제4항 내지 제8항
재임용 심의 사유의 적법성
- 구 사립학교법 제53조의2 제7항이 정하는 '학칙이 정하는 사항'은 '학생교육, 학문연구, 학생지도'에 관한 평가 등 객관적인 사유여야 하며, 학교의 경영 및 학과 구조조정에 관한 사항은 포함되지 않음.
- 해당 사안 학교의 학칙이 교원 과원으로 인한 법정교원수 초과 및 이에 따른 교원의 전공전환 거부를 재임용 거부 사유로 규정한 것은 구 사립학교법 제53조의2 제7항이 정하는 재임용 심의 사항과 전혀 다른 사항을 정한 것으로서 강행규정에 위반됨.
- 법원은 회사의 재임용 거부 처분 취소 결정이 정당하다고 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 구 사립학교법(2017. 11. 28. 법률 제15040호로 일부개정되기 전의 것) 제53조의2 제7항
직권면직 제도와 재임용 거부 처분의 차이 및 법정교원수 산정의 위법성
- 사립학교에서의 폐과로 인한 직권면직과 교원의 재임용은 제도적 취지가 다르며, 직권면직은 교원의 신분보장 관점에서 합리적이고 객관