광주지방법원 | 2020-11-10 | 2020노384
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
기간제 근로자 해고 관련 취업규칙 적용 여부 및 사실오인 항소 기각
결과 요약
- 원심의 무죄 선고 및 양형(벌금 200,000원 선고유예)이 정당함을 인정, 검사의 사실오인 및 양형부당 항소를 기각함.
사실관계
- C은 2015. 8. 11. B아파트 관리사무소 전기과장으로 근로계약을 체결, 1년 단위로 두 차례 갱신됨.
- C은 2017년경 욕설 및 업무 태만 등으로 관리소장, 입주자대표회의, 입주자들과 불화가 있었음.
- B아파트 입주자대표회의는 2018. 2. 26. C에 대해 '주민 전화민원 처리 부적정(심한 욕설)'을 사유로 2개월 감봉 결의함.
- 2018. 6. 21. '공사감독 불철저, 화재예방 불철저, 비상연락망 구축 불철저'를 사유로 C을 해임 결의함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
기간제 근로자의 취업규칙 적용 여부 및 해고의 정당성
- 쟁점: C이 기간의 정함이 없는 근로자인지, 취업규칙이 적용되는지, 그리고 이에 따른 해고가 정당한지 여부.
- 법리: 근로기준법 제95조는 취업규칙상 감급 제재의 한도를 규정하나, 같은 법 시행령 제7조 별표1에 따라 상시 4명 이하 근로자를 사용하는 사업장에는 적용되지 않음. B아파트 취업규칙 제2조는 임시 또는 기한의 정함이 있는 직원에 대하여는 취업규칙이 적용되지 않는다고 규정함.
- 법원의 판단:
- C의 근로계약이 1년 단위로 두 차례 갱신된 점, 불화 및 감봉, 해임 결의가 있었던 점 등을 종합적으로 고려함.
- 근로계약이 장기간 반복 갱신되어 기간이 형식에 불과하게 되었거나, 갱신 기대권이 인정된다고 보기 어렵다고 판단함.
- C은 기간의 정함이 있는 직원에 해당하므로, 취업규칙이 적용되지 않는다고 판단함.
- 따라서 이 부분 공소사실은 범죄의 증명이 없는 경우에 해당하여 무죄를 선고한 원심의 판단이 정당하다고 보아 검사의 사실오인 주장을 기각함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 근로기준법 제95조(제재 규정의 제한): 취업규칙에서 근로자에 대하여 감급의 제재를 정할 경우에 그 감액은 1회의 금액이 평균임금의 1일분의 2분의 1을, 총액이 1임금지급기의 임금 총액의 10분의 1을 초과하지 못한다.
- 근로기준법 시행령 제7조(적용 범위): 법 제95조는 상시 4명 이하의 근로자를 사용하는 사업장에는 적용되지 않는다.
- B아파트 취업규칙 제2조: 이 규칙은 소정의 절차를 거쳐 채용된 관리사무소의 직원에 대하여 적용하며 임시 또는 기한의 정함이 있는 직원에 대하여는 적용하지 않는다.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
검사의 항소를 기각한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ud574\uace0 \uad00\ub828 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778 \ud56d\uc18c \uae30\uac01\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ubb34\uc8c4 \uc120\uace0 \ubc0f \uc591\ud615(\ubc8c\uae08 200,000\uc6d0 \uc120\uace0\uc720\uc608)\uc774 \uc815\ub2f9\ud568\uc744 \uc778\uc815, \uac80\uc0ac\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778 \ubc0f \uc591\ud615\ubd80\ub2f9 \ud56d\uc18c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- C\uc740 2015. 8. 11. B\uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \uad00\ub9ac\uc0ac\ubb34\uc18c \uc804\uae30\uacfc\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0, 1\ub144 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \ub450 \ucc28\ub840 \uac31\uc2e0\ub428.\n- C\uc740 2017\ub144\uacbd \uc695\uc124 \ubc0f \uc5c5\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub9cc \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\ub9ac\uc18c\uc7a5, \uc785\uc8fc\uc790\ub300\ud45c\ud68c\uc758, \uc785\uc8fc\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc \ubd88\ud654\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- B\uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \uc785\uc8fc\uc790\ub300\ud45c\ud68c\uc758\ub294 2018. 2. 26. C\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 '\uc8fc\ubbfc \uc804\ud654\ubbfc\uc6d0 \ucc98\ub9ac \ubd80\uc801\uc815(\uc2ec\ud55c \uc695\uc124)'\uc744 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \uac10\ubd09 \uacb0\uc758\ud568.\n- 2018. 6. 21. '\uacf5\uc0ac\uac10\ub3c5 \ubd88\ucca0\uc800, \ud654\uc7ac\uc608\ubc29 \ubd88\ucca0\uc800, \ube44\uc0c1\uc5f0\ub77d\ub9dd \uad6c\ucd95 \ubd88\ucca0\uc800'\ub97c \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c C\uc744 \ud574\uc784 \uacb0\uc758\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\n- **\uc7c1\uc810:** C\uc774 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc778\uc9c0, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac:** \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c95\uc870\ub294 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 \uac10\uae09 \uc81c\uc7ac\uc758 \ud55c\ub3c4\ub97c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\ub098, \uac19\uc740 \ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c7\uc870 \ubcc4\ud45c1\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uba85 \uc774\ud558 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0\ub294 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. B\uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c2\uc870\ub294 \uc784\uc2dc \ub610\ub294 \uae30\ud55c\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec\ub294 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8:**\n- C\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 1\ub144 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \ub450 \ucc28\ub840 \uac31\uc2e0\ub41c \uc810, \ubd88\ud654 \ubc0f \uac10\ubd09, \ud574\uc784 \uacb0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud568.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uac31\uc2e0\ub418\uc5b4 \uae30\uac04\uc774 \ud615\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uac70\ub098, \uac31\uc2e0 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- C\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \ubc94\uc8c4\uc758 \uc99d\uba85\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud55c \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544 \uac80\uc0ac\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c95\uc870(\uc81c\uc7ac \uaddc\uc815\uc758 \uc81c\ud55c)**: \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uac10\uae09\uc758 \uc81c\uc7ac\ub97c \uc815\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uadf8 \uac10\uc561\uc740 1\ud68c\uc758 \uae08\uc561\uc774 \ud3c9\uade0\uc784\uae08\uc758 1\uc77c\ubd84\uc758 2\ubd84\uc758 1\uc744, \ucd1d\uc561\uc774 1\uc784\uae08\uc9c0\uae09\uae30\uc758 \uc784\uae08 \ucd1d\uc561\uc758 10\ubd84\uc758 1\uc744 \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c7\uc870(\uc801\uc6a9 \ubc94\uc704)**: \ubc95 \uc81c95\uc870\ub294 \uc0c1\uc2dc 4\uba85 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc5d0\ub294 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.\n- **B\uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c2\uc870**: \uc774 \uaddc\uce59\uc740 \uc18c\uc815\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \ucc44\uc6a9\ub41c \uad00\ub9ac\uc0ac\ubb34\uc18c\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uba70 \uc784\uc2dc \ub610\ub294 \uae30\ud55c\uc758 \uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec\ub294 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.\n- **B\uc544\ud30c\ud2b8 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c41\uc870 \uc81c5\ud56d**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c95\uc870\uc640 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9 \uaddc\uc815.\n### \uc591\ud615\ubd80\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\uc7c1\uc810:** \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08 200,000\uc6d0 \uc120\uace0\uc720\uc608 \ud615\uc774 \ub108\ubb34 \uac00\ubcbc\uc6cc \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8:** \uc6d0\uc2ec\uacfc \ube44\uad50\ud558\uc5ec \uc591\ud615 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc5c6\uace0, \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \uc591\ud615\uc774 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ub098\uc774, \uc131\ud589, \ud658\uacbd, \ubc94\ud589 \ub3d9\uae30, \uc218\ub2e8\uacfc \uacb0\uacfc, \ubc94\ud589 \ud6c4 \uc815\ud669 \ub4f1\uc744 \ucc38\uc791\ud560 \ub54c \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ud615\uc774 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uac80\uc0ac\uc758 \uc591\ud615\ubd80\ub2f9 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0 \uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc801\uc6a9 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \ubc18\ubcf5 \uac31\uc2e0\ub418\uc5c8\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uac31\uc2e0 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9 \ubc94\uc704\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \ud615\ud0dc(\uae30\uac04\uc758 \uc815\ud568 \uc720\ubb34)\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\uc2dc\ucf1c \uc90c\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc7a5\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc791\uc131 \ubc0f \uc801\uc6a9 \uc2dc \uc720\uc758\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uac80\uc0ac\uc758 \ud56d\uc18c\uac00 \uae30\uac01\ub428\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \uc720\uc9c0\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\uc640 \uc591\ud615 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc2e0\uc911\ud55c \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ucde8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c."}
- B아파트 취업규칙 제41조 제5항: 근로기준법 제95조와 동일한 내용 규정.
양형부당 여부
- 쟁점: 원심의 벌금 200,000원 선고유예 형이 너무 가벼워 부당한지 여부.
- 법원의 판단: 원심과 비교하여 양형 조건에 변화가 없고, 원심의 양형이 재량의 합리적인 범위를 벗어났다고 보기 어려움. 피고인의 나이, 성행, 환경, 범행 동기, 수단과 결과, 범행 후 정황 등을 참작할 때 원심의 형이 부당하다고 볼 수 없다고 판단하여 검사의 양형부당 주장을 기각함.
검토
- 본 판결은 기간제 근로자의 근로계약 갱신 기대권 인정 여부 및 취업규칙 적용 범위를 명확히 함. 특히, 근로계약이 반복 갱신되었더라도 구체적인 사정에 따라 갱신 기대권이 인정되지 않을 수 있음을 보여줌.
- 취업규칙의 적용 범위가 근로자의 고용 형태(기간의 정함 유무)에 따라 달라질 수 있음을 확인시켜 줌으로써, 사업장의 취업규칙 작성 및 적용 시 유의할 필요가 있음을 시사함.
- 검사의 항소가 기각됨으로써 원심의 판단이 유지되었으며, 이는 법원이 사실관계와 양형 판단에 있어 신중한 태도를 취하고 있음을 보여줌.