광주지방법원 순천지원 | 2015-09-10 | 2015고정382
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
일용직 근로자의 계속근로기간 인정 여부 및 임금 등 미지급 사건
결과 요약
- 피고인은 근로자 H에게 임금, 퇴직금, 해고예고수당을 미지급한 혐의로 벌금 150만 원에 처해짐.
사실관계
- 피고인은 G 주식회사를 운영하며 상시근로자 70명을 고용하는 건설업 경영자임.
- 피고인은 근로자 H의 2014년 5월분 임금 1,522,120원, 퇴직금 9,796,150원, 해고예고수당 3,159,000원을 퇴직일로부터 14일 이내에 지급하지 아니함.
- 피고인 측은 H이 일용근로자이며 근로계속기간이 1년을 초과하지 않아 퇴직금 및 해고예고 대상이 아니라고 주장함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
일용직 근로자의 계속근로기간 인정 여부
- 법리: 근로자가 반드시 월 평균 25일 이상 근무해야만 근로기준법상 퇴직금 지급의 전제가 되는 근로자의 상근성·계속성·종속성의 요건을 충족하는 것은 아니며, 최소한 1개월에 4, 5일 내지 15일 정도 계속해서 근무했다면 위 요건을 충족함. 형식상 일용직 근로자라도 일용관계가 중단되지 않고 계속되어 온 경우에는 상용근로자로 보아야 함. 근로계약이 만료됨과 동시에 근로계약기간을 갱신하거나 동일한 조건의 근로계약을 반복하여 체결한 경우에는 갱신 또는 반복한 계약기간을 모두 합산하여 계속근로년수를 계산해야 함.
- 판단: H은 피고인 회사에서 여러 차례 근로계약을 반복하여 체결하며 근무하였고, 각 계약 기간이 1년을 넘지 않더라도 합계 기간은 약 5년임. 피고인 회사의 공사가 끝나면 형식적으로 근로계약을 종료하고 다른 공사 현장에서 채용하는 형식을 취했으나, 근로기간 단절 주장 시기에도 계속 근로를 하였음. 따라서 H은 상용근로자로 보아야 하며, 근로기간은 2011. 7. 27.부터 2014. 5. 15.까지 계속되었다고 봄이 상당하므로, 근로기간이 1년을 넘지 않아 퇴직금 및 해고예고 대상에 포함되지 않는다는 피고인의 주장은 받아들이지 않음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1995. 7. 11. 선고 93다26168 전원합의체판결: "원래 근로자가 반드시 월 평균 25일 이상 근무하여야만 근로기준법상 퇴직금지급의 전제가 되는 근로자의 상근성·계속성·종속성의 요건을 충족시키는 것은 아니고, 최소한 1개월에 4, 5일 내지 15일 정도 계속해서 근무하였다면 위 요건을 충족한다. 또한 형식상으로는 비록 일용직근로자로 되어 있다 하더라도 일용관계가 중단되지 않고 계속되어 온 경우에는 상용근로자로 보아야 한다. 그리고 근로계약이 만료됨과 동시에 근로계약기간을 갱신하거나 동일한 조건의 근로계약을 반복하여 체결한 경우에는 갱신 또는 반복한 계약기간을 모두 합산하여 계속근로년수를 계산하여야 한다."
- 근로기준법 제109조 제1항: "제36조를 위반한 자는 3년 이하의 징역 또는 3천만원 이하의 벌금에 처한다."
- 근로기준법 제36조: "사용자는 근로자가 사망 또는 퇴직한 경우에는 그 지급 사유가 발생한 때부터 14일 이내에 임금, 보상금, 그 밖의 모든 금품을 지급하여야 한다. 다만, 특별한 사정이 있을 경우에는 당사자 사이의 합의에 의하여 기일을 연장할 수 있다."
- 근로기준법 제110조 제1호: "다음 각 호의 어느 하나에 해당하는 자는 2년 이하의 징역 또는 2천만원 이하의 벌금에 처한다. 1. 제26조를 위반한 자"
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인을 벌금 150만 원에 처한다. 피고인이 위 벌금을 납입하지 아니하는 경우 금 10만 원을 1일로 환산한 기간 피고인을 노역장에 유치한다. 위 벌금에 상당한 금액의 가납을 명한다. 소송비용은 피고인이 부담한다.
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\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778 \uce21\uc740 H\uc774 \uc77c\uc6a9\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc774\uba70 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc18d\uae30\uac04\uc774 1\ub144\uc744 \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc77c\uc6a9\uc9c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uc6d4 \ud3c9\uade0 25\uc77c \uc774\uc0c1 \uadfc\ubb34\ud574\uc57c\ub9cc \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc804\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc0c1\uadfc\uc131\u00b7\uacc4\uc18d\uc131\u00b7\uc885\uc18d\uc131\uc758 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \ucd5c\uc18c\ud55c 1\uac1c\uc6d4\uc5d0 4, 5\uc77c \ub0b4\uc9c0 15\uc77c \uc815\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \uadfc\ubb34\ud588\ub2e4\uba74 \uc704 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud568. \ud615\uc2dd\uc0c1 \uc77c\uc6a9\uc9c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc77c\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc911\ub2e8\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uc5b4 \uc628 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0c1\uc6a9\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud568. \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub428\uacfc \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uae30\uac04\uc744 \uac31\uc2e0\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc870\uac74\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uccb4\uacb0\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uac31\uc2e0 \ub610\ub294 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud55c \uacc4\uc57d\uae30\uac04\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud569\uc0b0\ud558\uc5ec \uacc4\uc18d\uadfc\ub85c\ub144\uc218\ub97c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud574\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: H\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc28\ub840 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uba70 \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uac01 \uacc4\uc57d \uae30\uac04\uc774 1\ub144\uc744 \ub118\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud569\uacc4 \uae30\uac04\uc740 \uc57d 5\ub144\uc784. \ud53c\uace0\uc778 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uacf5\uc0ac\uac00 \ub05d\ub098\uba74 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uc885\ub8cc\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\ub978 \uacf5\uc0ac \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc44\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ud615\uc2dd\uc744 \ucde8\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04 \ub2e8\uc808 \uc8fc\uc7a5 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uc74c. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c H\uc740 \uc0c1\uc6a9\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04\uc740 2011. 7. 27.\ubd80\ud130 2014. 5. 15.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd04\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04\uc774 1\ub144\uc744 \ub118\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0 \ub300\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1995. 7. 11. \uc120\uace0 93\ub2e426168 \uc804\uc6d0\ud569\uc758\uccb4\ud310\uacb0**: \"\uc6d0\ub798 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uc6d4 \ud3c9\uade0 25\uc77c \uc774\uc0c1 \uadfc\ubb34\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c\ub9cc \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc804\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc0c1\uadfc\uc131\u00b7\uacc4\uc18d\uc131\u00b7\uc885\uc18d\uc131\uc758 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\uace0, \ucd5c\uc18c\ud55c 1\uac1c\uc6d4\uc5d0 4, 5\uc77c \ub0b4\uc9c0 15\uc77c \uc815\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c 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\uc81c109\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d**: \"\uc81c36\uc870\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uc790\ub294 3\ub144 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc9d5\uc5ed \ub610\ub294 3\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc6d0 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud55c\ub2e4.\"\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c36\uc870**: \"\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc0ac\ub9dd \ub610\ub294 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uadf8 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ub54c\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc784\uae08, \ubcf4\uc0c1\uae08, \uadf8 \ubc16\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uae08\ud488\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ud569\uc758\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uae30\uc77c\uc744 \uc5f0\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\"\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c110\uc870 \uc81c1\ud638**: \"\ub2e4\uc74c \uac01 \ud638\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \ud558\ub098\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uc790\ub294 2\ub144 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc9d5\uc5ed \ub610\ub294 2\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc6d0 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud55c\ub2e4. 1. \uc81c26\uc870\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \uc790\"\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c26\uc870**: \"\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 30\uc77c \uc804\uc5d0 \uc608\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud558\uace0, 30\uc77c \uc804\uc5d0 \uc608\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\uc600\uc744 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 30\uc77c\ubd84 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ucc9c\uc7ac\u318d\uc0ac\ubcc0, \uadf8 \ubc16\uc758 \ubd80\ub4dd\uc774\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub610\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uace0\uc758\ub85c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc5d0 \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc7a5\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \ub07c\uce5c \uacbd\uc6b0\ub85c\uc11c \uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\ubd80\ub839\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\ub2e4.\"\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c44\uc870 \uc81c1\ud638**: \"\ub2e4\uc74c \uac01 \ud638\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \ud558\ub098\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uc790\ub294 3\ub144 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc9d5\uc5ed \ub610\ub294 2\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc6d0 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud55c\ub2e4. 1. \uc81c9\uc870\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \uc790\"\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c9\uc870**: \"\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uadf8 \uc9c0\uae09\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ub0a0\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \ud569\uc758\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9c0\uae09\uae30\uc77c\uc744 \uc5f0\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\"\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc77c\uc6a9\uc9c1 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uac04 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568. \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \uacc4\uc57d \ub2e8\uc808\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uac74\uc124\uc5c5\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ub2e8\uae30 \uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \ubc18\ubcf5\ub418\ub294 \uc5c5\uc885\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac \ubcf4\ud638\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud310\ub840\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc774 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e8\uc808\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4, \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d\uc131\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc790\ub8cc(\uadfc\ubb34\uc77c\uc218, \uadfc\ubb34\ud615\ud0dc, \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1)\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 근로기준법 제26조: "사용자는 근로자를 해고하려면 적어도 30일 전에 예고를 하여야 하고, 30일 전에 예고를 하지 아니하였을 때에는 30일분 이상의 통상임금을 지급하여야 한다. 다만, 천재ㆍ사변, 그 밖의 부득이한 사유로 사업을 계속하는 것이 불가능한 경우 또는 근로자가 고의로 사업에 막대한 지장을 초래하거나 재산상 손해를 끼친 경우로서 고용노동부령으로 정하는 사유에 해당하는 경우에는 그러하지 아니하다."
- 근로자퇴직급여보장법 제44조 제1호: "다음 각 호의 어느 하나에 해당하는 자는 3년 이하의 징역 또는 2천만원 이하의 벌금에 처한다. 1. 제9조를 위반하여 퇴직금을 지급하지