부산지방법원 | 2014-10-16 | 2014노2165
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
미신고 집회 시위 중 경찰의 공무집행방해죄 성립 여부
결과 요약
- 피고인 A의 공무집행방해죄에 대한 사실오인 주장을 기각하고, 피고인 A, B에 대한 양형부당 주장을 기각하여 원심의 무죄 및 벌금형을 유지함.
사실관계
- 피고인 A 등 E 노조원들은 2011. 3. 15. 08:00경 경향신문 빌딩에서 나와 광화문 방향으로 몸자보를 부착하고 집단으로 행진함.
- 경찰관들이 정동사거리 맥도날드 건물 앞에서 인도를 가로막고 노조원들의 진로를 차단하자, 노조원들은 경찰과 대치함.
- 피고인 A은 08:10경 순경 V의 목덜미를 잡고 머리를 누르는 등 폭력을 행사함.
- 경찰은 노조원들에게 몸자보를 떼고 이동하거나 미신고 집회·시위임을 이유로 해산할 것을 요청하며 08:15경 1차, 08:25경 2차 해산명령을 함.
- 피고인 B는 08:25경 노조원들에게 "밀어가지고 다 연행됩시다."라고 하고 투쟁 구호를 외치는 등 경찰 저지를 뚫기 위한 폭력행사를 선동함.
- 다른 노조원들도 경찰을 밀치거나 몸을 충돌하는 등 폭력을 행사함.
- 피고인 A은 경찰의 해산 요구를 거부함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
공무집행방해죄 성립 여부 (피고인 A)
- 미신고 옥외집회 또는 시위는 타인의 법익이나 공공의 안녕질서에 대한 직접적인 위험이 명백하게 초래된 경우에 한하여 해산명령의 대상이 됨.
- 해당 사안 시위로 인해 교통이 방해되거나 공공의 안녕질서에 대한 직접적인 위험이 명백하게 초래되었다고 볼 증거가 부족하므로, 경찰관들의 해산명령 및 진로 차단 행위는 적법한 공무집행으로 볼 수 없음.
- 경찰의 해산명령 전후를 구별하여 해산명령 전의 대기행위만을 적법한 공무집행으로 보는 것은 적절하지 않으며, 경찰이 노조원들의 진입 자체를 막고 있었으므로 단순한 대기상황으로 보기 어려움.
- 따라서 경찰의 일련의 행위들이 전체적으로 적법한 공무집행으로 보기 어려우므로, 피고인 A에게 무죄를 선고한 원심의 판단은 정당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2012. 4. 19. 선고 2010도6388 전원합의체 판결
- 대법원 2013. 12. 12. 선고 2012도13566 판결
- 집시법 제20조 제1항 제2호
양형부당 여부 (피고인 A, B)
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
검사의 피고인들에 대한 항소를 모두 기각한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \ubbf8\uc2e0\uace0 \uc9d1\ud68c \uc2dc\uc704 \uc911 \uacbd\ucc30\uc758 \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\ubc29\ud574\uc8c4 \uc131\ub9bd \uc5ec\ubd80\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778 A\uc758 \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\ubc29\ud574\uc8c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud558\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc778 A, B\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc591\ud615\ubd80\ub2f9 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ubb34\uc8c4 \ubc0f \ubc8c\uae08\ud615\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778 A \ub4f1 E \ub178\uc870\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc740 2011. 3. 15. 08:00\uacbd \uacbd\ud5a5\uc2e0\ubb38 \ube4c\ub529\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc640 \uad11\ud654\ubb38 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \ubab8\uc790\ubcf4\ub97c \ubd80\ucc29\ud558\uace0 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ud589\uc9c4\ud568.\n- \uacbd\ucc30\uad00\ub4e4\uc774 \uc815\ub3d9\uc0ac\uac70\ub9ac \ub9e5\ub3c4\ub0a0\ub4dc \uac74\ubb3c \uc55e\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4\ub97c \uac00\ub85c\ub9c9\uace0 \ub178\uc870\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc9c4\ub85c\ub97c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud558\uc790, \ub178\uc870\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc740 \uacbd\ucc30\uacfc \ub300\uce58\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778 A\uc740 08:10\uacbd \uc21c\uacbd V\uc758 \ubaa9\ub35c\ubbf8\ub97c \uc7a1\uace0 \uba38\ub9ac\ub97c \ub204\ub974\ub294 \ub4f1 \ud3ed\ub825\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uacbd\ucc30\uc740 \ub178\uc870\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubab8\uc790\ubcf4\ub97c \ub5bc\uace0 \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubbf8\uc2e0\uace0 \uc9d1\ud68c\u00b7\uc2dc\uc704\uc784\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ud574\uc0b0\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud558\uba70 08:15\uacbd 1\ucc28, 08:25\uacbd 2\ucc28 \ud574\uc0b0\uba85\ub839\uc744 \ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778 B\ub294 08:25\uacbd \ub178\uc870\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \"\ubc00\uc5b4\uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \ub2e4 \uc5f0\ud589\ub429\uc2dc\ub2e4.\"\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uace0 \ud22c\uc7c1 \uad6c\ud638\ub97c \uc678\uce58\ub294 \ub4f1 \uacbd\ucc30 \uc800\uc9c0\ub97c \ub6ab\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud3ed\ub825\ud589\uc0ac\ub97c \uc120\ub3d9\ud568.\n- \ub2e4\ub978 \ub178\uc870\uc6d0\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uacbd\ucc30\uc744 \ubc00\uce58\uac70\ub098 \ubab8\uc744 \ucda9\ub3cc\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \ud3ed\ub825\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778 A\uc740 \uacbd\ucc30\uc758 \ud574\uc0b0 \uc694\uad6c\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\ubc29\ud574\uc8c4 \uc131\ub9bd \uc5ec\ubd80 (\ud53c\uace0\uc778 A)\n- \ubbf8\uc2e0\uace0 \uc625\uc678\uc9d1\ud68c \ub610\ub294 \uc2dc\uc704\ub294 \ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \ubc95\uc775\uc774\ub098 \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc548\ub155\uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uba85\ubc31\ud558\uac8c \ucd08\ub798\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud55c\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uc0b0\uba85\ub839\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub428.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc2dc\uc704\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uad50\ud1b5\uc774 \ubc29\ud574\ub418\uac70\ub098 \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc548\ub155\uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uba85\ubc31\ud558\uac8c \ucd08\ub798\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uacbd\ucc30\uad00\ub4e4\uc758 \ud574\uc0b0\uba85\ub839 \ubc0f \uc9c4\ub85c \ucc28\ub2e8 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uacbd\ucc30\uc758 \ud574\uc0b0\uba85\ub839 \uc804\ud6c4\ub97c \uad6c\ubcc4\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uc0b0\uba85\ub839 \uc804\uc758 \ub300\uae30\ud589\uc704\ub9cc\uc744 \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc801\uc808\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \uacbd\ucc30\uc774 \ub178\uc870\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc9c4\uc785 \uc790\uccb4\ub97c \ub9c9\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub300\uae30\uc0c1\ud669\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uacbd\ucc30\uc758 \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub4e4\uc774 \uc804\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b0\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778 A\uc5d0\uac8c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud55c \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2012. 4. 19. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub3c46388 \uc804\uc6d0\ud569\uc758\uccb4 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2013. 12. 12. \uc120\uace0 2012\ub3c413566 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uc9d1\uc2dc\ubc95 \uc81c20\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \uc81c2\ud638\n### \uc591\ud615\ubd80\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80 (\ud53c\uace0\uc778 A, B)\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc2dc\uc704 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\uc6a9\ubb3c\uac74\uc744 \uc190\uc0c1\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uad50\ud1b5\uc744 \ubc29\ud574\ud55c \uc8c4\uc9c8\uc774 \uac00\ubccd\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc94\ud589\uc740 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc778 \uc815\ub9ac\ud574\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud568\uc744 \uc54c\ub9ac\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc2dc\uc704 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uae30 \ubc0f \uacbd\uc704\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc791\ud560 \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- E \ub178\uc0ac\ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \uc6d0\ub9cc\ud788 \ud0c0\uacb0\ub41c \uc810, \ud53c\uace0\uc778 A\uc774 \uc815\ub9ac\ud574\uace0\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\u00b7\uc815\uc2e0\uc801 \uace0\ud1b5\uc744 \uacaa\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d0\uc791\ub418\ub294 \uc810, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc2dc\uc704 \uacfc\uaca9\ud654\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uc218\uae0d\ud558\uace0 \ud604\uc5c5\uc73c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00 \uc77c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc774 \uc120\uace0\ud55c \ud615(\ud53c\uace0\uc778 A: \ubc8c\uae08 150\ub9cc \uc6d0, \ud53c\uace0\uc778 B: \ubc8c\uae08 300\ub9cc \uc6d0)\uc740 \uc801\uc815\ud568.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c E \ud574\uace0\uc790\uc640 \ubbfc\uc8fc\ub178\ucd1d \uad00\uacc4\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc778 \uc815\ub9ac\ud574\uace0\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud568\uc744 \uc54c\ub9ac\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc2dc\uc704\ub97c \ud568.\n- \uaca9\ub82c\ud588\ub358 E \ub178\uc0ac\ubd84\uc7c1\uc774 \uac01\uacc4\uac01\uce35\uc758 \uad00\uc2ec\uacfc \ub178\ub825 \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc6d0\ub9cc\ud788 \ud0c0\uacb0\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778 A\uc740 \uc608\uae30\uce58 \ubabb\ud55c \uc815\ub9ac\ud574\uace0\ub85c \uc778\ud558\uc5ec \uc624\ub7ab\ub3d9\uc548 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc815\uc2e0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uadf9\uc2ec\ud55c \uace0\ud1b5\uc744 \uacaa\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d0\uc791\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc2dc\uc704\uac00 \uacfc\uaca9\ud654\ub41c \ub370 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uc218\uae0d\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ud604\uc5c5\uc73c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00 \uc5f4\uc2ec\ud788 \uc77c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ubbf8\uc2e0\uace0 \uc9d1\ud68c\u00b7\uc2dc\uc704\ub77c \ud560\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4 \uacf5\uacf5\uc758 \uc548\ub155\uc9c8\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc704\ud5d8\uc774 \uba85\ubc31\ud558\uac8c \ucd08\ub798\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uacbd\ucc30\uc758 \ud574\uc0b0\uba85\ub839 \ubc0f \uc9c4\ub85c \ucc28\ub2e8 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uae30\uc874 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc9d1\ud68c\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uac00 \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc801 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \uc874\uc911\ud558\uace0, \uc2e0\uace0\uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \ubcf8\ub798 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \uc9d1\ud68c \ud5c8\uac00\uc81c\ub85c \ubcc0\uc9c8\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uacbd\uacc4\ud558\ub294 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \ud750\ub984\uc744 \ub530\ub974\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\ubc29\ud574\uc8c4\uc758 \uc131\ub9bd \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uacf5\ubb34\uc9d1\ud589\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc2dc\uc704\uc758 \uc790\uc720\ub97c \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc0ac\ubc95\ubd80\uc758 \uc758\uc9c0\ub97c \uc5ff\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc591\ud615 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub294 \ubc94\ud589\uc758 \ub3d9\uae30, \uacbd\uc704, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \ud604\uc7ac \uc0c1\ud669 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ucc38\uc791 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uc2ec\uc758 \ud615\uc774 \uc801\uc815\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc600\uc74c."}
- 피고인들이 시위 과정에서 공용물건을 손상하거나 교통을 방해한 죄질이 가볍지 않음.
- 그러나 해당 사안 범행은 일방적인 정리해고의 부당함을 알리기 위한 집단시위 과정에서 발생한 것으로 동기 및 경위에 참작할 사정이 있음.
- E 노사분쟁이 원만히 타결된 점, 피고인 A이 정리해고로 인해 경제적·정신적 고통을 겪었을 것으로 짐작되는 점, 피고인들이 시위 과격화에 대한 책임을 수긍하고 현업으로 돌아가 일하고 있는 점 등을 고려함.
- 원심이 선고한 형(피고인 A: 벌금 150만 원, 피고인 B: 벌금 300만 원)은 적정함.
참고사실
- 피고인들을 포함한 E 해고자와 민주노총 관계자들이 일방적인 정리해고의 부당함을 알리기 위해 집단시위를 함.
- 격렬했던 E 노사분쟁이 각계각층의 관심과 노력 덕분에 원만히 타결됨.
- 피고인 A은 예기치 못한 정리해고로 인하여 오랫동안 경제적 어려움뿐만 아니라 정신적으로도 극심한 고통을 겪었을 것으로 짐작됨.
- 피고인들이 시위가 과격화된 데 대한 책임을 수긍하면서 현업으로 돌아가 열심히 일하고 있음.
검토
- 본 판결은 미신고 집회·시위라 할지라도 공공의 안녕질서에 대한 직접적인 위험이 명백하게 초래되지 않은 경우에는 경찰의 해산명령 및 진로 차단 행위가 적법한 공무집행으로 인정되기 어렵다는 기존 대법원 판례의 입장을 재확인함.
- 이는 집회의 자유가 가지는 헌법적 가치를 존중하고, 신고제도의 본래 취지를 벗어나 집회 허가제로 변질되는 것을 경계하는 판례의 흐름을 따르는 것으로 보임.
- 공무집행방해죄의 성립 여부를 판단함에 있어 공무집행의 적법성 요건을 엄격하게 해석함으로써, 시위의 자유를 보장하려는 사법부의 의지를 엿볼 수 있음.
- 양형 판단에 있어서는 범행의 동기, 경위, 사회적 배경, 피고인들의 현재 상황