서울행정법원 | 2021-07-08 | 2020구합71840,66510(병합)
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이행강제금 부과처분 취소 소송: 구제명령 불이행 및 절차적 위법성 판단
결과 요약
- 회사가 근로자에게 부과한 3,920,000원의 제4차 이행강제금 부과처분을 취소함.
- 근로자의 제3차 이행강제금 부과처분 취소 청구는 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 폐기물 수집·운반업체로, B은 2015. 11. 11. 근로자에 입사하여 청소차량 운전기사로 근무함.
- 근로자는 2017. 11. 23. B을 작업원으로 배치전환하였고, B은 이에 대해 회사에게 구제신청을 함.
- 회사는 2018. 3. 12. B에 대한 배치전환이 부당하다고 판정하며 근로자에게 'B의 원직복직 및 배치전환기간 임금상당액 지급'을 명하는 구제명령을 내림.
- 근로자는 이 구제명령에 불복하여 재심 및 행정소송을 제기하였으나, 대법원 2019. 11. 14. 선고 2019두50182 판결로 상고기각되어 구제명령이 확정됨.
- 회사는 근로자가 구제명령을 이행하지 않았다는 이유로 2018. 6. 14. 제1차 이행강제금(2,240,000원)을 부과함.
- 근로자는 2018. 8. 29. B을 운전기사로 원직복직시켰으나, 회사는 임금상당액 미지급을 사유로 2018. 11. 8. 제2차 이행강제금(2,240,000원)을 부과함.
- 회사는 2019. 5. 28. 임금상당액 미지급을 사유로 제3차 이행강제금(3,080,000원)을 부과함.
- 회사는 2020. 3. 10. 임금상당액 미지급을 사유로 제4차 이행강제금(3,920,000원)을 부과함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
제3차 이행강제금 부과처분의 적법 여부
쟁점 1: 부과예고에 따른 구제명령의 불특정 여부
- 법리: 근로기준법 제33조 제1항에 따른 이행강제금은 구제명령의 실효성 확보를 위한 간접강제수단으로, 구제명령은 그 내용을 구체적으로 특정하는 것이 바람직하나, 그 특정 여부를 지나치게 엄격하게 해석할 필요는 없음. 사용자가 임금상당액을 용이하게 산정할 수 있거나, 합리적 근거로 산정한 금액을 공탁하여 불이행 책임을 면할 수 있는지, 그리고 근로자 생활고 해결이라는 제도 취지를 고려하여 판단해야 함.
- 판단: 근로자는 이미 제2차 이행강제금 부과예고를 통해 임금상당액 미지급 문제가 제기되었음을 인지하고 있었고, 제3차 부과예고 당시에도 회사가 어떤 사항의 이행을 명하는지 인식하고 있었음. 또한, 제4차 부과예고 후 임금상당액을 공탁한 사실에 비추어 볼 때, 제3차 부과예고 당시에도 구제명령 내용을 충분히 알 수 있었으므로, 구제명령이 불특정되었다고 볼 수 없음.
쟁점 2: 노동위원회규칙 제83조 제2항 전단 위반 여부
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 피고가 2020. 3. 10. 원고에게 한 3,920,000원의 이행강제금 부과처분을 취소한다. 2. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 3. 소송비용 중 3/7은 원고가, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uc18c\uc1a1: \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \ubd88\uc774\ud589 \ubc0f \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc704\ubc95\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd80\uacfc\ud55c 3,920,000\uc6d0\uc758 \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ucde8\uc18c\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc81c3\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c \uc218\uc9d1\u00b7\uc6b4\ubc18\uc5c5\uccb4\ub85c, B\uc740 2015. 11. 11. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \uc785\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec \uccad\uc18c\ucc28\ub7c9 \uc6b4\uc804\uae30\uc0ac\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2017. 11. 23. B\uc744 \uc791\uc5c5\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\uce58\uc804\ud658\ud558\uc600\uace0, B\uc740 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2018. 3. 12. B\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc30\uce58\uc804\ud658\uc774 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\uc815\ud558\uba70 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 'B\uc758 \uc6d0\uc9c1\ubcf5\uc9c1 \ubc0f \ubc30\uce58\uc804\ud658\uae30\uac04 \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 \uc9c0\uae09'\uc744 \uba85\ud558\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9bc.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc5d0 \ubd88\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uc7ac\uc2ec \ubc0f \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2019. 11. 14. \uc120\uace0 2019\ub45050182 \ud310\uacb0\ub85c \uc0c1\uace0\uae30\uac01\ub418\uc5b4 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc744 \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c 2018. 6. 14. \uc81c1\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08(2,240,000\uc6d0)\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2018. 8. 29. B\uc744 \uc6b4\uc804\uae30\uc0ac\ub85c \uc6d0\uc9c1\ubcf5\uc9c1\uc2dc\ucf30\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c 2018. 11. 8. \uc81c2\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08(2,240,000\uc6d0)\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2019. 5. 28. \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc81c3\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08(3,080,000\uc6d0)\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2020. 3. 10. \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08(3,920,000\uc6d0)\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc81c3\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc801\ubc95 \uc5ec\ubd80\n#### \uc7c1\uc810 1: \ubd80\uacfc\uc608\uace0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \ubd88\ud2b9\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c33\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc740 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \uc2e4\ud6a8\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uac04\uc811\uac15\uc81c\uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c, \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc740 \uadf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud2b9\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub78c\uc9c1\ud558\ub098, \uadf8 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud560 \ud544\uc694\ub294 \uc5c6\uc74c. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561\uc744 \uc6a9\uc774\ud558\uac8c \uc0b0\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac70\ub098, \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uadfc\uac70\ub85c \uc0b0\uc815\ud55c \uae08\uc561\uc744 \uacf5\ud0c1\ud558\uc5ec \ubd88\uc774\ud589 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uba74\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc0dd\ud65c\uace0 \ud574\uacb0\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc81c\ub3c4 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc81c2\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uc608\uace0\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc81c\uae30\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uc81c3\ucc28 \ubd80\uacfc\uc608\uace0 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc758 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uba85\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c. \ub610\ud55c, \uc81c4\ucc28 \ubd80\uacfc\uc608\uace0 \ud6c4 \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561\uc744 \uacf5\ud0c1\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ubcfc \ub54c, \uc81c3\ucc28 \ubd80\uacfc\uc608\uace0 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc774 \ubd88\ud2b9\uc815\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uc7c1\uc810 2: \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c83\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc804\ub2e8 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uaddc\uce59\uc740 \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uc6b4\uc601\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc0ac\ud56d\uc744 \uaddc\uc815\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uc0c1\uae09\ud589\uc815\uae30\uad00\uc774 \ud558\uae09\ud589\uc815\uae30\uad00\uc5d0 \ubc1c\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc815\uaddc\uce59\uc774\ub098 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc9c0\uce68\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud589\uc815\uc870\uc9c1 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c8 \ubfd0 \ub300\uc678\uc801\uc778 \uad6c\uc18d\ub825\uc744 \uac16\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c83\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc804\ub2e8\uc740 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc758 \ubc18\ubcf5 \ubd80\uacfc \uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ub294 \ud589\uc815\uccad\uc758 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc9c0\uce68\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \ub300\uc678\uc801\uc778 \uad6c\uc18d\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc815\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uc7c1\uc810 3: \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \ub4f1 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80 (\uc758\uacac\uc81c\ucd9c \ubc29\uc2dd \uc81c\ud55c)\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uac00 \uc11c\uba74, \uad6c\uc220 \ub610\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4\ud1b5\uc2e0\ub9dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc758\uacac\uc744 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uaddc\uc815\ud558\ub098, \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95 \uc81c3\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c12\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d \uc804\ub2e8\uc740 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc \uc804 \uc758\uacac\uc9c4\uc220 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uad6c\uc220 \ub610\ub294 \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc744 \ubfd0, \uc758\uacac\uc81c\ucd9c \ubc29\ubc95\uc758 \uc120\ud0dd\uad8c\uc744 \ucc98\ubd84 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839\uc5d0 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uc808\ucc28\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839\uc740 \uc758\uacac\uc81c\ucd9c \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uad6c\uc220 \ub610\ub294 \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc744 \ubfd0 \uc120\ud0dd\uad8c\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc758\uacac\uc81c\ucd9c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c\uc815\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uc7c1\uc810 4: \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uacb0\uc815\uc11c \ub204\ub77d \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c33\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d\uc740 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc \uc2dc \uc561\uc218, \uc0ac\uc720, \ub0a9\ubd80\uae30\ud55c \ub4f1\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud55c \ubb38\uc11c\ub85c\uc368 \ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud558\ub098, \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uacb0\uc815\uc11c \uc1a1\ubd80\ub97c \uc758\ubb34\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc774\ub294 \ub300\uc678\uc801 \uad6c\uc18d\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc81c3\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uc608\uace0 \ubc0f \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84 \uc2dc \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc758 \uc561\uc218, \ubd80\uacfc \uc0ac\uc720 \ub4f1\uc744 \ubb38\uc11c\ub85c \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \ubc0f \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c. \ubd80\uacfc\uacb0\uc815\uc11c \uc1a1\ubd80 \ub204\ub77d\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uc7c1\uc810 5: \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc7ac\ub7c9\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub294 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub9cc\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uba70, \uadf8 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778, \ube44\ub840\u00b7\ud3c9\ub4f1 \uc6d0\uce59 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc784. \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\uc740 \ud589\uc815\ud589\uc704\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \ub2e4\ud22c\ub294 \uc790\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\u00b7\uc99d\uba85\ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 \uc0b0\uc815\uc758 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0, \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ubb34\uc0ac\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ud3ec\ud568 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uacac\ud574 \ub300\ub9bd\uc744 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 B\uc744 \uc6d0\uc9c1\ubcf5\uc9c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 B\uc774 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\uc74c. \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud568.\n### \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc801\ubc95 \uc5ec\ubd80\n#### \uc7c1\uc810 1: \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \ub4f1 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80 (\uc758\uacac\uc81c\ucd9c \ubc29\uc2dd \uc81c\ud55c)\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uc81c3\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc77c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uc7c1\uc810 2: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c33\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80 (\uc0ac\uc804 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uae30\uac04 \ubbf8\uc900\uc218)\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c33\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc740 \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uac00 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud558\uae30 30\uc77c \uc804\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubbf8\ub9ac \ubb38\uc11c\ub85c\uc368 \ubd80\uacfc\u00b7\uc9d5\uc218\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc744 \uc54c\ub824 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2020. 2. 24. \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\uc608\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uace0, 2020. 3. 10. \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc74c. \uc774\ub294 \ubd80\uacfc\uc608\uace0\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 30\uc77c\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c33\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc704\ubc95\ud568.\n#### \uc7c1\uc810 3: \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacf5\ud0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \uc774\ud589 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uba74\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub780, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\ud589\uc81c\uacf5\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc218\ub839\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\uc600\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uac70\ub098, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc0b0\uc815\uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc0b0\uc815\ud55c \uae08\uc561\uc744 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0 \uacf5\ud0c1\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub4f1\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84 \uc9c1\uc804\uc778 2020. 3. 6. B\uc744 \ud53c\uacf5\ud0c1\uc790\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec \uc784\uae08\uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561 6,708,142\uc6d0\uc744 \uacf5\ud0c1\ud558\uc600\uc74c. \uc774 \uacf5\ud0c1\uae08\uc561\uc740 B\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud558\uace0 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b0\uc815\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784. \uacf5\ud0c1 \ub2f9\uc2dc B\uc774 \uc774\ubbf8 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud558\uc600\uace0 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08 \uad00\ub828 \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\uc774 \uc9c4\ud589 \uc911\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uacf5\ud0c1\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uba74\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \ucc98\ubd84 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc704\ubc95\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c33\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d**: \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \ud6c4 \uc774\ud589\uae30\ud55c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc744 \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c 2\ucc9c\ub9cc\uc6d0 \uc774\ud558\uc758 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c33\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d**: \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud558\uae30 30\uc77c \uc804\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\u00b7\uc9d5\uc218\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubbf8\ub9ac \ubb38\uc11c\ub85c\uc368 \uc54c\ub824 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c33\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d**: \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud560 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc758 \uc561\uc218, \ubd80\uacfc\uc0ac\uc720, \ub0a9\ubd80\uae30\ud55c, \uc218\ub0a9\uae30\uad00, \uc774\uc758\uc81c\uae30\ubc29\ubc95 \ubc0f \uc774\uc758\uc81c\uae30\uae30\uad00 \ub4f1\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud55c \ubb38\uc11c\ub85c\uc368 \ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c12\uc870 \uc81c3\ud56d \uc804\ub2e8**: \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uac00 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\u00b7\uc9d5\uc218\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubbf8\ub9ac \ubb38\uc11c\ub85c\uc368 \uc54c\ub824\uc904 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 10\uc77c \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uae30\uac04\uc744 \uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uad6c\uc220 \ub610\ub294 \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \uc758\uacac\uc744 \uc9c4\uc220\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95 \uc81c3\uc870**: \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c\ub2e4.\n- **\ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d**: \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \ub4f1\uc740 \ucc98\ubd84 \uc804\uc5d0 \uadf8 \ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uad00\ud560\ud589\uc815\uccad\uc5d0 \uc11c\uba74\uc774\ub098 \ub9d0\ub85c \ub610\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4\ud1b5\uc2e0\ub9dd\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc758\uacac\uc81c\ucd9c\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 12. 11. \uc120\uace0 2011\ub45023481 \ud310\uacb0**: \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc804\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc740 \uadf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud2b9\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub78c\uc9c1\ud558\ub098, \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc694\uad6c\ud560 \ud544\uc694\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4.\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2018. 5. 15. \uc120\uace0 2017\ub45063986 \ud310\uacb0**: \uc7ac\ub7c9\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub294 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub9cc\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uba70, \uadf8 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc624\uc778\uacfc \ube44\ub840\u00b7\ud3c9\ub4f1\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc774\ub2e4.\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2010. 10. 28. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub45012682 \ud310\uacb0**: \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uc0b0\uc815\uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc0b0\uc815\ud55c \uae08\uc561\uc744 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0 \uacf5\ud0c1\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc758 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uba74\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\ub294 \uc2dd\ub300 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08 \ud3ec\ud568 \uc5ec\ubd80, \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uc18c\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \uac80\ucc30\uc5d0\uc11c '\ud610\uc758\uc5c6\uc74c' \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- B\uc740 2018. 1. 17.\ubd80\ud130 2018. 6. 25.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc0b0\uc7ac\uc694\uc591 \uc911\uc774\uc5c8\uace0, 2018. 6. 19. \ubcf5\uc9c1\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825 \uc815\uc9c0\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc791\uc5c5\uc6d0 \uadfc\ubb34\ub97c \uba85\ub839\ud568.\n- B\uc740 2019. 8. 1. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud558\uc600\uace0, 2019. 10. 30. \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc5ec \ud604\uc7ac \uc7ac\ud310\uacc4\uc18d \uc911\uc784.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \ud2b9\uc815\uc131, \ud589\uc815\uaddc\uce59\uc758 \ubc95\uaddc\uc131, \ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80, \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc7c1\uc810\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac80\ud1a0\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc81c3\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uae30\uac01\ud558\uba70 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \ud2b9\uc815\uc131 \ubc0f \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \uc2e4\ud6a8\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ubc18\uba74, \uc81c4\ucc28 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc0ac\uc804 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uae30\uac04 \ubbf8\uc900\uc218\ub77c\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uacfc \ub354\ubd88\uc5b4, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uacf5\ud0c1 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839 \uc774\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc2e4\uccb4\uc801 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc704\ubc95\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uacfc \ud568\uaed8, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc131\uc2e4\ud55c \uc774\ud589 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \uc774 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc774\ud589\uac15\uc81c\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub2e4\ud23c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc694\uac74\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uacfc \ud568\uaed8, \uad6c\uc81c\uba85\ub839\uc758 \uc774\ud589 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ub178\ub825\uacfc \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc0ac\ub840\uc784."}
- 법리: 노동위원회규칙은 노동위원회의 운영에 필요한 사항을 규정한 것으로, 상급행정기관이 하급행정기관에 발하는 행정규칙이나 내부지침은 일반적으로 행정조직 내부에서만 효력을 가질 뿐 대외적인 구속력을 갖지 않음.
- 판단: 노동위원회규칙 제83조 제2항 전단은 이행강제금의 반복 부과 시기를 규정하고 있으나, 이는 행정청의 내부지침에 불과하여 대외적인 구속력이 없음. 따라서 이를 위반하였다는 사정만으로 이행강제금 부과처분이 위법하다고 볼 수 없음.
쟁점 3: 행정절차법 제27조 제1항 등 위반 여부 (의견제출 방식 제한)
- 법리: 행정절차법 제27조 제1항은 당사자가 서면, 구술 또는 정보통신망으로 의견을 제출할 수 있도록 규정하나, 행정절차법 제3조에 따라 다른 법률에 특별한 규정이 있는 경우에는 행정절차법이 적용되지 않음. 근로기준법 시행령 제12조 제3항 전단은 이행강제금 부과 전 의견진술 기회를 구술 또는 서면으로 부여하도록 정하고 있을 뿐, 의견제출 방법의 선택권을 처분 상대방에게 부여하고 있지 않음.
- 판단: 근로기준법 시행령에 특별한 규정이 있으므로 행정절차법 제27조 제1항은 이행강제금 부과절차에 적용되지 않음. 근로기준법 시행령은 의견제출 방법을 구술 또는 서면으로 정하고 있을 뿐 선택권을 부여하지 않으므로, 회사가 의견제출 방식을 서면으로 한정하였다고 하여 위법하다고 볼 수 없음.