부산지방법원 | 2017-08-24 | 2015가합49098
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
징계해고의 정당성 및 임금 청구 기각
결과 요약
- 근로자의 해고무효확인청구 및 임금청구를 모두 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 전국금속노동조합 조합원이자 피고 공장의 노동조합위원장이며, 회사는 밸브, 조립금속 파이프 등을 제조 및 판매하는 회사임.
- 회사는 2014. 6.경 니플, 소켓 제조공정 설비를 매각하고, 2014. 10.경 경영악화를 이유로 부분휴업을 실시하며 근로자에게 휴업수당을 지급함.
- 회사는 2015. 7. 24. 징계위원회를 통해 근로자의 폭언, 폭행, 협박 등 직장 내 위계질서 문란 행위(제1 징계사유) 및 기존 공장장에 대한 폭언으로 견책처분을 받은 후에도 지속적인 폭력, 협박 행위(제2 징계사유)를 이유로 징계해고를 의결하였고, 2015. 7. 30. 근로자를 징계해고함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부 및 징계양정의 적정성
- 법리: 징계처분은 징계권자의 재량에 맡겨져 있으나, 사회통념상 현저하게 타당성을 잃어 재량권을 남용하였다고 인정되는 경우 위법함. 해고처분은 사회통념상 고용관계를 계속할 수 없을 정도로 근로자에게 책임 있는 사유가 있는 경우 정당성이 인정됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 제1 징계사유: 근로자가 2015. 3. 6. 회사에게 정년까지의 임금과 휴업기간 임금 차액을 보장하지 않으면 피고 공장의 KS 인증 문제와 환경 관련 위법행위를 고발하여 폐업시킬 것이라고 해악을 고지한 사실, 2015. 3. 20. 경찰관을 대동하여 피고 공장을 방문하여 C과 실랑이 중 C에게 상해를 가하고 퇴거 요구에 불응한 사실이 인정됨. 이는 피고 취업규칙 제59조 제3호, 제5호, 제13호에 따른 징계사유에 해당함.
- 제2 징계사유: 근로자가 2014. 5. 21. 많은 직원들이 모인 가운데 상사인 G에게 폭언하며 고성으로 항의한 사실이 인정됨. 이는 취업규칙 제59조 제3호에 따른 징계사유에 해당함.
- 징계양정의 적정성:
- 근로자는 제1 징계사유와 관련하여 공갈미수, 상해, 퇴거불응으로 기소되어 상해 및 퇴거불응에 대해 유죄 판결(벌금 50만원)이 확정됨.
- 형사판결에서 무죄로 확정된 공갈미수 부분에 있어서도, 근로자가 2015. 3. 6. C에게 민원을 제기하여 회사를 폐업시킬 수 있다는 취지의 해악을 고지한 것은 근로기준법에 따른 적법한 휴업수당 지급에도 불구하고 추가 임금 차액 및 정년 보장 등 합법적인 기준을 넘어선 대가를 요구한 것으로, 노동자들의 정당한 권리 보장 활동 범위를 넘어선 행위임.
- 상해 및 퇴거불응은 근로자가 합의가 이루어지지 않자 경찰관을 동행하여 공장을 방문, 퇴거 요구에 불응하고 C에게 상해를 가한 것임.
- 근로자의 이러한 행위들은 근로자로서의 신의성실의무를 위반하여 사용자와 근로자 간의 신뢰관계와 위계질서를 심각하게 훼손하였으며, 원고 역시 근로계약 관계를 지속할 의사가 없는 것으로 보임.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 모두 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \ubc0f \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c \uae30\uac01\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778\uccad\uad6c \ubc0f \uc784\uae08\uccad\uad6c\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc804\uad6d\uae08\uc18d\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc870\ud569\uc6d0\uc774\uc790 \ud53c\uace0 \uacf5\uc7a5\uc758 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc704\uc6d0\uc7a5\uc774\uba70, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \ubc38\ube0c, \uc870\ub9bd\uae08\uc18d \ud30c\uc774\ud504 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc81c\uc870 \ubc0f \ud310\ub9e4\ud558\ub294 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2014. 6.\uacbd \ub2c8\ud50c, \uc18c\ucf13 \uc81c\uc870\uacf5\uc815 \uc124\ube44\ub97c \ub9e4\uac01\ud558\uace0, 2014. 10.\uacbd \uacbd\uc601\uc545\ud654\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ubd80\ubd84\ud734\uc5c5\uc744 \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud558\uba70 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud734\uc5c5\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2015. 7. 24. \uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud3ed\uc5b8, \ud3ed\ud589, \ud611\ubc15 \ub4f1 \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uc704\uacc4\uc9c8\uc11c \ubb38\ub780 \ud589\uc704(\uc81c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720) \ubc0f \uae30\uc874 \uacf5\uc7a5\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3ed\uc5b8\uc73c\ub85c \uacac\ucc45\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ud3ed\ub825, \ud611\ubc15 \ud589\uc704(\uc81c2 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720)\ub97c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\ub97c \uc758\uacb0\ud558\uc600\uace0, 2015. 7. 30. \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80 \ubc0f \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub9e1\uaca8\uc838 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \ud604\uc800\ud558\uac8c \ud0c0\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc783\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc704\ubc95\ud568. \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud1b5\ub150\uc0c1 \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ucc45\uc784 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\uc81c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2015. 3. 6. \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc815\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc784\uae08\uacfc \ud734\uc5c5\uae30\uac04 \uc784\uae08 \ucc28\uc561\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ud53c\uace0 \uacf5\uc7a5\uc758 KS \uc778\uc99d \ubb38\uc81c\uc640 \ud658\uacbd \uad00\ub828 \uc704\ubc95\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uace0\ubc1c\ud558\uc5ec \ud3d0\uc5c5\uc2dc\ud0ac \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud574\uc545\uc744 \uace0\uc9c0\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4, 2015. 3. 20. \uacbd\ucc30\uad00\uc744 \ub300\ub3d9\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0 \uacf5\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uc5ec C\uacfc \uc2e4\ub791\uc774 \uc911 C\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0c1\ud574\ub97c \uac00\ud558\uace0 \ud1f4\uac70 \uc694\uad6c\uc5d0 \ubd88\uc751\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428. \uc774\ub294 \ud53c\uace0 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c59\uc870 \uc81c3\ud638, \uc81c5\ud638, \uc81c13\ud638\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\uc81c2 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2014. 5. 21. \ub9ce\uc740 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \ubaa8\uc778 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \uc0c1\uc0ac\uc778 G\uc5d0\uac8c \ud3ed\uc5b8\ud558\uba70 \uace0\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \ud56d\uc758\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428. \uc774\ub294 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c59\uc870 \uc81c3\ud638\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc81c1 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \uacf5\uac08\ubbf8\uc218, \uc0c1\ud574, \ud1f4\uac70\ubd88\uc751\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\uc18c\ub418\uc5b4 \uc0c1\ud574 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uac70\ubd88\uc751\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc720\uc8c4 \ud310\uacb0(\ubc8c\uae08 50\ub9cc\uc6d0)\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \ud615\uc0ac\ud310\uacb0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub85c \ud655\uc815\ub41c \uacf5\uac08\ubbf8\uc218 \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c\ub3c4, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2015. 3. 6. C\uc5d0\uac8c \ubbfc\uc6d0\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0\ub97c \ud3d0\uc5c5\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc758 \ud574\uc545\uc744 \uace0\uc9c0\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \ud734\uc5c5\uc218\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \ucd94\uac00 \uc784\uae08 \ucc28\uc561 \ubc0f \uc815\ub144 \ubcf4\uc7a5 \ub4f1 \ud569\ubc95\uc801\uc778 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc120 \ub300\uac00\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \ub178\ub3d9\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uad8c\ub9ac \ubcf4\uc7a5 \ud65c\ub3d9 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc120 \ud589\uc704\uc784.\n- \uc0c1\ud574 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uac70\ubd88\uc751\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud569\uc758\uac00 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc790 \uacbd\ucc30\uad00\uc744 \ub3d9\ud589\ud558\uc5ec \uacf5\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38, \ud1f4\uac70 \uc694\uad6c\uc5d0 \ubd88\uc751\ud558\uace0 C\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0c1\ud574\ub97c \uac00\ud55c \uac83\uc784.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub4e4\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc2e0\uc758\uc131\uc2e4\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc640 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uc640 \uc704\uacc4\uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \uc2ec\uac01\ud558\uac8c \ud6fc\uc190\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\ud560 \uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc81c2 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc778 \uacf5\uc7a5\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3ed\uc5b8 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uc704\uacc4\uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \ud574\uce58\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uc784.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc9c0\uc18d\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc2ec\uac01\ud558\uac8c \uc190\uc0c1\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774\uc5d0 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 8. 23. \uc120\uace0 2000\ub2e460890, 60906 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2017. 3. 15. \uc120\uace0 2013\ub45026750 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c59\uc870 \uc81c3\ud638, \uc81c5\ud638, \uc81c13\ud638\n- \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c538\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uba85\ud655\ud558\uace0, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud3ed\ud589, \ud611\ubc15, \ud1f4\uac70\ubd88\uc751 \ub4f1 \ud615\uc0ac\ucc98\ubc8c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ube44\ub85d \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc758 \uc77c\ud658\uc774\ub77c \ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uadf8 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc120 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uacfc\uac70 \ud589\uc801, \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \uc0c1\ud669, \uc2e0\ub8b0\uad00\uacc4 \ud6fc\uc190 \uc815\ub3c4 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \ubc94\uc704\uc640 \uadf8 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uace0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc640\uc758 \ud611\uc0c1 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc95\uc801, \uc724\ub9ac\uc801 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 제2 징계사유인 공장장에 대한 폭언 역시 직장 내 위계질서를 해치는 행위임.
- 따라서 근로자와 피고 사이에 고용관계를 더 이상 지속할 수 없을 정도로 신뢰관계가 심각하게 손상되었고, 이에 근로자의 책임 있는 사유가 있다고 판단되므로, 해당 해고는 징계재량권을 일탈·남용하여 이루어진 것이라고 볼 수 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2002. 8. 23. 선고 2000다60890, 60906 판결
- 대법원 2017. 3. 15. 선고 2013두26750 판결
- 회사의 취업규칙 제59조 제3호, 제5호, 제13호
- 민법 제538조 제1항
검토
- 본 판결은 근로자의 징계사유가 명확하고, 특히 사용자에 대한 폭행, 협박, 퇴거불응 등 형사처벌까지 이어진 행위가 있는 경우, 비록 노동조합 활동의 일환이라 하더라도 그 범위를 넘어선 행위에 대해서는 징계해고의 정당성을 인정하고 있음을 보여줌.
- 또한, 징계양정의 적정성을 판단함에 있어 근로자의 과거 행적, 기업의 상황, 신뢰관계 훼