대구지방법원 | 2019-05-01 | 2018구합25754
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
택시운송사업자의 의무 해태를 탓할 수 없는 정당한 사유 판단 기준
결과 요약
- 회사의 근로자에 대한 3대의 감차처분을 취소함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 대구 서구 B에서 택시여객자동차운송사업을 영위하는 회사임.
- 대구광역시장은 2018. 3. 27. 회사에게 원고 소속 운수종사자 C이 2017. 10.경부터 같은 해 12. 31.까지 원고 소속 운수종사자가 아닌 D에게 해당 사안 택시를 제공하였다는 이유로 근로자에 대하여 사업면허취소 또는 감차명령을 요청함.
- 회사는 2018. 9. 3. 근로자에게 택시발전법 제12조 위반을 이유로 같은 법 제18조 제1항 제2호에 따라 5대의 감차처분을 함.
- 근로자는 이에 불복하여 행정심판을 청구하였고, 행정심판위원회는 2018. 10. 29. 위 5대의 감차처분이 근로자에게 지나치게 과중하다는 이유로 이를 3대의 감차처분으로 변경하는 재결을 함.
- 회사는 위 재결의 취지에 따라 2018. 12. 10. 근로자에게 3대의 감차처분(해당 처분)을 함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
절차상 위법 사유 여부
- 행정절차법 제23조 제1항은 행정청이 처분 시 당사자에게 그 근거와 이유를 제시하도록 정함. 이는 행정청의 자의적 결정을 배제하고 당사자가 행정구제절차에서 적절히 대처할 수 있도록 함에 그 취지가 있음.
- 처분서에 기재된 내용, 관계 법령 및 처분에 이르는 전체적인 과정을 종합적으로 고려하여, 처분 당시 당사자가 어떠한 근거와 이유로 처분이 이루어진 것인지를 충분히 알 수 있어 불복에 지장이 없었던 경우, 처분서에 근거와 이유가 구체적으로 명시되지 않았더라도 위법하다고 볼 수 없음.
- 회사는 2018. 8. 8. 근로자에게 '택시발전법 제12조 및 제18조 위반'을 처분 원인으로, '택시발전법 제12조, 제18조 및 같은 법 시행령 제21조 별표 2'를 법적 근거로 기재한 처분사전통지서를 송달하고 의견제출 기회를 부여함.
- 근로자는 2018. 8. 16. 회사에게 C의 확인서, C의 여객자동차운수사업법 위반 혐의에 대한 불기소결정통지서 등을 첨부하여 근로자에 대한 행정처분은 부당하다는 내용의 의견을 제출함.
- 근로자는 처분사전통지 절차를 통해 C이 타인에게 택시를 제공한 사실로 해당 처분이 이루어진 것임을 충분히 알았고, 불복에 지장이 없었으므로 절차상 위법은 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2013. 11. 14. 선고 2011두18571 판결
- 행정절차법 제23조 제1항
실체상 위법 사유 여부 (의무 해태를 탓할 수 없는 정당한 사유)
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 피고가 2018. 12. 10. 원고에게 한 3대의 감차처분을 취소한다. 2. 소송비용은 피고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uc758 \uc758\ubb34 \ud574\ud0dc\ub97c \ud0d3\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c 3\ub300\uc758 \uac10\ucc28\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ucde8\uc18c\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ub300\uad6c \uc11c\uad6c B\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc5ec\uac1d\uc790\ub3d9\ucc28\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc744 \uc601\uc704\ud558\ub294 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc784.\n- \ub300\uad6c\uad11\uc5ed\uc2dc\uc7a5\uc740 2018. 3. 27. \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc6d0\uace0 \uc18c\uc18d \uc6b4\uc218\uc885\uc0ac\uc790 C\uc774 2017. 10.\uacbd\ubd80\ud130 \uac19\uc740 \ud574 12. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d0\uace0 \uc18c\uc18d \uc6b4\uc218\uc885\uc0ac\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc D\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud0dd\uc2dc\ub97c 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\uace0\uc758\u00b7\uacfc\uc2e4 \uc720\ubb34\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \ubc95\uc801 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc870\ud56d\uc758 \uc8fc\ub41c \uc785\ubc95 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub294 \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc774 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\uc785\uc81c\ub85c \uc6b4\uc601\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\uace0, \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uac00 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc218\uc885\uc0ac\uc790\ub97c \ud1b5\uc81c\u00b7\uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc5ec \uc6b4\uc1a1\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc758 \uc9c8\uc774 \uc800\ud558\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud568\uc784.\n- \ud0dd\uc2dc\ubc1c\uc804\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c21\uc870 [\ubcc4\ud45c 2]\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc870\ud56d \uc704\ubc18 \uc2dc \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \uba74\ud5c8\ub97c \ucde8\uc18c\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uac00\uc7a5 \ubb34\uac70\uc6b4 \ud589\uc815\uc0c1 \uc81c\uc7ac\ub97c \uac00\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc758\ubb34 \ud574\ud0dc\ub97c \ud0d3\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uadf8 \uc758\ubb34\uc704\ubc18 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c0\ubc30\uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\ub294\uc9c0, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \uc608\uce21\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \ubc0f \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc8fc\uc758\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \uae30\uc6b8\uc600\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud3ed\ub113\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud568\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n- C\uc740 \ud734\uc2dd\uc2dc\uac04 \uc911 \uc74c\uc8fc\ub85c \uc778\ud574 D\uc5d0\uac8c \ub300\ub9ac\uc6b4\uc804\uc744 \ub9e1\uae34 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 C\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ud0dd\uc2dc\ub97c \ud0c0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud0dd\uc2dc \uc81c\uacf5\uc740 C\uc758 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\u00b7\uac1c\uc778\uc801 \uc0ac\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c0\ubc30\uc601\uc5ed\uc744 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b0\uc5f0\ud788 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\ub85c\uc11c\ub294 C\uc774 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud0dd\uc2dc\ub97c D\uc5d0\uac8c \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \uc608\uc0c1\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6e0\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 C\uc744 \ube44\ub86f\ud55c \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc218\uc885\uc0ac\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \uc2dc\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uadf8 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud0dd\uc2dc\ub97c \ud0c0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc81c\uacf5\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc548 \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uad50\uc721\uc744 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uc600\uace0, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59 \ubc0f \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc5d0 \ud0c0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ud0dd\uc2dc\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \uae08\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- C\uc774 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud0dd\uc2dc\ub97c D\uc5d0\uac8c \uc81c\uacf5\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uae30\uc6b8\uc774\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\uac70\ub098 \uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \uac8c\uc744\ub9ac\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc870\ud56d\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uac8c \ub41c \ub370\uc5d0\ub294 \uc758\ubb34 \ud574\ud0dc\ub97c \ud0d3\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc704\ubc95\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 10. 15. \uc120\uace0 2013\ub4505005 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubc95\ub960 \uc81c12\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\n- \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubc95\ub960 \uc81c18\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \uc81c2\ud638\n- \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubc95\ub960 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \uc81c21\uc870 [\ubcc4\ud45c 2]\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \uc774 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uac00 \uc18c\uc18d \uc6b4\uc218\uc885\uc0ac\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ud0dd\uc2dc\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc81c\uc7ac\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uc758 \uc758\ubb34 \ud574\ud0dc\ub97c \ud0d3\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 '\uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720'\uc758 \ud574\uc11d \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud574\ub2f9 \uc704\ubc18 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\ubc30\uc601\uc5ed\uc744 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uc6b0\ubc1c\uc801 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\ub294\uc9c0, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \uc608\uce21\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6e0\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc704\ubc18 \ubc29\uc9c0\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc8fc\uc758\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \ub2e4\ud588\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc81c\uc7ac\uc801 \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uc758 \uace0\uc758\u00b7\uacfc\uc2e4 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640\ub294 \ubcc4\uac1c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uac00 \ud1b5\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uc608\uc678\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uadf8 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uba74\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud0dd\uc2dc\uc6b4\uc1a1\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd80\uacfc\ub418\ub294 \uc81c\uc7ac\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc744 \uc81c\uace0\ud558\uace0, \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc720\uc0ac \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uc758 \ubc29\uc5b4\uad8c \ubcf4\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud560 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub428."}
- 택시발전법 제18조 제1항 제2호 및 제12조 제2항(해당 사안 조항)은 택시운송사업자가 소속 택시운수종사자가 아닌 사람에게 택시를 제공한 경우 면허 취소, 사업 정지 또는 감차 등을 명할 수 있도록 규정함.
- 해당 사안 조항에 따른 제재적 행정처분은 행정법규 위반이라는 객관적 사실에 착안하여 가하는 제재이므로 원칙적으로 위반자의 고의·과실을 요하지 않으나, 위반자의 의무 해태를 탓할 수 없는 정당한 사유가 있는 경우에는 이를 부과할 수 없음.
- 원고 소속 택시운수종사자인 C은 2017. 11.경부터 같은 해 12.경까지 해당 사안 택시를 D에게 제공한 사실이 인정됨.
- 근로자는 해당 사안 조항을 위반하여 택시를 소속 택시운수종사자가 아닌 사람에게 제공하였고, 법령상 책임자로서 고의·과실 유무와 관계없이 법적 책임을 부담함.
- 해당 사안 조항의 주된 입법 취지는 택시운송사업이 실질적인 지입제로 운영되는 것을 방지하고, 택시운송사업자가 실질적 근로관계를 통해 택시운수종사자를 통제·관리하도록 하여 운송서비스의 질이 저하되지 않도록 하기 위함임.
- 택시발전법 시행령 제21조 [별표 2]는 해당 사안 조항 위반 시 곧바로 면허를 취소하도록 정하여 가장 무거운 행정상 제재를 가하도록 규정하고 있음.
- 근로자에게 의무 해태를 탓할 수 없는 정당한 사유가 있는지 여부는 그 의무위반 행위가 근로자의 지배영역에서 발생하였는지, 근로자가 이를 예측할 수 있었는지 및 근로자가 이를 방지하기 위한 상당한 주의·감독을