서울남부지방법원 | 2025-01-23 | 2023고정1337
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
임금, 해고예고수당, 퇴직금 미지급 및 근로조건 명시 서면 미교부 근로기준법 위반 사건
결과 요약
- 피고인에게 벌금 200만 원을 선고하고, 미납 시 10만 원을 1일로 환산한 기간 노역장에 유치하며, 벌금 상당액의 가납을 명함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 서울 강서구 소재 D의 실제 운영자로서 상시 근로자 1명을 사용하는 사용자임.
- 피고인은 2020. 8. 3.부터 2022. 8. 19.까지 근무한 근로자 E에게 임금 571,765원을 퇴직일로부터 14일 이내에 지급하지 아니함.
- 피고인은 근로자 E를 2022. 8. 19.자로 해고하면서 30일분의 통상임금 1,648,800원을 즉시 지급하지 아니함.
- 피고인은 근로자 E와 근로계약을 체결하면서 임금의 구성항목·계산방법·지급방법, 소정근로시간, 근로기준법 제55조에 따른 휴일에 관한 사항이 명시된 서면을 교부하지 아니함.
- 피고인은 근로자 E의 퇴직금 3,374,393원을 퇴직일로부터 14일 이내에 지급하지 아니함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
임금, 해고예고수당, 퇴직금 미지급 및 근로조건 명시 서면 미교부
- 사용자는 근로자가 사망 또는 퇴직한 경우 그 지급사유가 발생한 날부터 14일 이내에 임금, 보상금, 그 밖의 일체 금품을 지급하여야 함.
- 사용자는 근로자를 해고하려면 적어도 30일 전에 예고하여야 하고, 30일 전에 예고하지 아니하였을 때에는 30일분 이상의 통상임금을 지급하여야 함.
- 사용자는 근로계약을 체결할 때 근로자에게 임금, 소정근로시간, 휴일, 연차유급휴가 등이 명시된 서면을 교부하여야 함.
- 사용자는 근로자가 퇴직하는 경우 그 지급사유가 발생한 날부터 14일 이내에 퇴직금을 지급하여야 함.
- 법원은 피고인의 법정진술, 증인 E의 법정진술, 진정인 진술조서, 진정서, 임금대장, 입출금 거래내역, 피의자와 카톡 대화 내용, 녹취록, 퇴직금 계산서, 통장 거래내역, 임금대장, 진정인 체불임금 내역, 평균임금 및 퇴직금 산정서 등을 종합하여 피고인의 범죄사실을 유죄로 인정함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 근로기준법 제109조 제1항 (임금 미지급의 점)
- 근로기준법 제36조 (임금 미지급의 점)
- 근로기준법 제110조 제1호 (해고예고수당 미지급의 점)
- 근로기준법 제26조 (해고예고수당 미지급의 점)
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인을 벌금 200만 원에 처한다. 피고인이 위 벌금을 납입하지 않는 경우 10만 원을 1일로 환산한 기간 피고인을 노역장에 유치한다. 위 벌금에 상당한 금액의 가납을 명한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uc784\uae08, \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9, \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ubc0f \uadfc\ub85c\uc870\uac74 \uba85\uc2dc \uc11c\uba74 \ubbf8\uad50\ubd80 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18 \uc0ac\uac74\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ubc8c\uae08 200\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ud558\uace0, \ubbf8\ub0a9 \uc2dc 10\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 1\uc77c\ub85c \ud658\uc0b0\ud55c \uae30\uac04 \ub178\uc5ed\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc720\uce58\ud558\uba70, \ubc8c\uae08 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561\uc758 \uac00\ub0a9\uc744 \uba85\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uc11c\uc6b8 \uac15\uc11c\uad6c \uc18c\uc7ac D\uc758 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc601\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uc0c1\uc2dc \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 1\uba85\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 2020. 8. 3.\ubd80\ud130 2022. 8. 19.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uadfc\ubb34\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 E\uc5d0\uac8c \uc784\uae08 571,765\uc6d0\uc744 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 E\ub97c 2022. 8. 19.\uc790\ub85c \ud574\uace0\ud558\uba74\uc11c 30\uc77c\ubd84\uc758 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08 1,648,800\uc6d0\uc744 \uc989\uc2dc \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 E\uc640 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc784\uae08\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\ud56d\ubaa9\u00b7\uacc4\uc0b0\ubc29\ubc95\u00b7\uc9c0\uae09\ubc29\ubc95, \uc18c\uc815\uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c55\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud734\uc77c\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc0ac\ud56d\uc774 \uba85\uc2dc\ub41c \uc11c\uba74\uc744 \uad50\ubd80\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 E\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 3,374,393\uc6d0\uc744 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc784\uae08, \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9, \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ubc0f \uadfc\ub85c\uc870\uac74 \uba85\uc2dc \uc11c\uba74 \ubbf8\uad50\ubd80\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc0ac\ub9dd \ub610\ub294 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadf8 \uc9c0\uae09\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ub0a0\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc784\uae08, \ubcf4\uc0c1\uae08, \uadf8 \ubc16\uc758 \uc77c\uccb4 \uae08\ud488\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud568.\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \ud574\uace0\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 30\uc77c \uc804\uc5d0 \uc608\uace0\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud558\uace0, 30\uc77c \uc804\uc5d0 \uc608\uace0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud558\uc600\uc744 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 30\uc77c\ubd84 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud568.\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud560 \ub54c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc784\uae08, \uc18c\uc815\uadfc\ub85c\uc2dc\uac04, \ud734\uc77c, \uc5f0\ucc28\uc720\uae09\ud734\uac00 \ub4f1\uc774 \uba85\uc2dc\ub41c \uc11c\uba74\uc744 \uad50\ubd80\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud568.\n- \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud1f4\uc9c1\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadf8 \uc9c0\uae09\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ub0a0\ubd80\ud130 14\uc77c \uc774\ub0b4\uc5d0 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud568.\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ubc95\uc815\uc9c4\uc220, \uc99d\uc778 E\uc758 \ubc95\uc815\uc9c4\uc220, \uc9c4\uc815\uc778 \uc9c4\uc220\uc870\uc11c, \uc9c4\uc815\uc11c, \uc784\uae08\ub300\uc7a5, \uc785\ucd9c\uae08 \uac70\ub798\ub0b4\uc5ed, \ud53c\uc758\uc790\uc640 \uce74\ud1a1 \ub300\ud654 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \ub179\ucde8\ub85d, \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uacc4\uc0b0\uc11c, \ud1b5\uc7a5 \uac70\ub798\ub0b4\uc5ed, \uc784\uae08\ub300\uc7a5, \uc9c4\uc815\uc778 \uccb4\ubd88\uc784\uae08 \ub0b4\uc5ed, \ud3c9\uade0\uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc0b0\uc815\uc11c \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ubc94\uc8c4\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc720\uc8c4\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c109\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc810)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c36\uc870 (\uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc810)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c110\uc870 \uc81c1\ud638 (\ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc810)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c26\uc870 (\ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc810)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c114\uc870 \uc81c1\ud638 (\uadfc\ub85c\uc870\uac74 \uba85\uc2dc\uc11c\uba74 \uad50\ubd80\uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uc758 \uc810)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c17\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d (\uadfc\ub85c\uc870\uac74 \uba85\uc2dc\uc11c\uba74 \uad50\ubd80\uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uc758 \uc810)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c44\uc870 \uc81c1\ud638 (\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc810)\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c9\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc758 \uc810)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c40\uc870 (\uc0c1\uc0c1\uc801 \uacbd\ud569)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c50\uc870 (\uc0c1\uc0c1\uc801 \uacbd\ud569)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c37\uc870 \uc804\ub2e8 (\uacbd\ud569\ubc94\uac00\uc911)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c38\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \uc81c2\ud638 (\uacbd\ud569\ubc94\uac00\uc911)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c70\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\ub178\uc5ed\uc7a5\uc720\uce58)\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c69\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d (\ub178\uc5ed\uc7a5\uc720\uce58)\n- \ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c334\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d (\uac00\ub0a9\uba85\ub839)\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc784\uae08\uccb4\ubd88 \ubc0f \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uacbd\uc704, \uc784\uae08\uc9c0\uae09\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc2b9\uc18c\ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub41c \uc810\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud568.\n- \uc704 \ud310\uacb0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uccb4\ubd88\uc784\uae08\uc774 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc9c0\uae09\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\ub098, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc98\ubc8c\uc744 \uc6d0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \ub3d9\uc885 \ubc94\ud589\uc73c\ub85c 1\ud68c \ucc98\ubc8c\ubc1b\uc740 \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc758 \ub098\uc774, \uc131\ud589, \ud658\uacbd \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc591\ud615\uc870\uac74\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \ubc0f \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uba85\ud655\ud55c \uc720\uc8c4 \ud310\ub2e8\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9bc.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uccb4\ubd88\uc784\uae08\uc774 \uc9c0\uae09\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ucc98\ubc8c\uc744 \uc6d0\ud558\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ub3d9\uc885 \uc804\uacfc\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774 \uc591\ud615\uc5d0 \ubd88\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \uc791\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \ub4f1 \ub178\ub3d9\uad00\uacc4\ubc95\ub839\uc744 \uc900\uc218\ud558\uace0, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \ubcf4\ud638\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \ub2e4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud615\uc0ac\ucc98\ubc8c\uc744 \uba74\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uadfc\ub85c\uc870\uac74 \uba85\uc2dc \uc11c\uba74 \uad50\ubd80 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc0ac\uc18c\ud574 \ubcf4\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc704\ubc18\ub3c4 \ud615\uc0ac\ucc98\ubc8c\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c."}
- 근로기준법 제114조 제1호 (근로조건 명시서면 교부의무 위반의 점)
- 근로기준법 제17조 제2항 (근로조건 명시서면 교부의무 위반의 점)
- 근로자퇴직급여 보장법 제44조 제1호 (퇴직금 미지급의 점)
- 근로자퇴직급여 보장법 제9조 제1항 (퇴직금 미지급의 점)
- 형법 제40조 (상상적 경합)
- 형법 제50조 (상상적 경합)
- 형법 제37조 전단 (경합범가중)
- 형법 제38조 제1항 제2호 (경합범가중)
- 형법 제70조 제1항 (노역장유치)
- 형법 제69조 제2항 (노역장유치)
- 형사소송법 제334조 제1항 (가납명령)
참고사실
- 해당 사안 임금체불 및 해고의 경위, 임금지급에 관한 민사소송에서 근로자의 승소판결이 확정된 점을 고려함.
- 위 판결에 따라 체불임금이 모두 지급된 것으로 보이나, 근로자가 여전히 피고인에 대한 처벌을 원하고 있음.
- 피고인은 동종 범행으로 1회 처벌받은 전력이 있음.
- 피고인의 나이, 성행, 환경 등 여러 양형조건을 고려함.
검토
- 본 판결은 근로기준법 및 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반에 대한 명확한 유죄 판단을 내림.
- 특히, 민사소송을 통해 체불임금이 지급되었음에도 불구하고 근로자가 처벌을 원하고, 피고인에게 동종 전과가 있다는 점이 양형에 불리하게 작용한 것으로 보임.
- 이는 사용자가 근로기준법 등 노동관계법령을 준수하고, 근로자의 권리를 보호해야 할 의무를 다하지 않을 경우 형사처벌을 면하기 어렵다는 점을 시사함.
- 또한, 근로조건 명시 서면 교부 의무 위반과 같은 사소해 보일 수 있는 위반도 형사처벌의 대상이 될 수 있음을 보여줌.