서울고등법원 | 2017-09-15 | 2017나2013869
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
직장 내 성희롱 및 폭언으로 인한 해고의 정당성 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자의 F에 대한 성희롱 및 폭언 행위가 인정되며, 이는 고용관계의 신뢰를 훼손하는 중대한 비위로 판단되어 해고가 정당하다고 보아 근로자의 청구를 기각하고 제1심 판결을 취소함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 피고 회사에 2000. 6. 26. 입사하여 2016. 7. 11.까지 근무한 직원임.
- F은 2002. 5.경 피고 회사에 파견직으로 입사하여 2009. 7. 1.부터 정규 직원으로 근무하였으며, 근로자와 같은 부서에서 근무한 근로자의 하급자임.
- F은 2016. 7. 11. 피고 회사 부회장실에 근로자로부터 지속적인 성희롱, 인권침해, 협박을 받고 있다는 이메일을 보냄.
- 피고 회사는 근로자에 대한 특별감사를 실시하였고, 감사 결과 근로자의 성희롱 및 폭언 사실이 확인됨.
- 피고 회사 인사위원회는 2016. 8. 5. 근로자에 대한 면직을 의결하였고, 피고 회사는 2016. 8. 11. 근로자를 면직(해당 해고)함.
- 근로자는 해당 해고 사유가 부당하다고 주장하며 해고 무효 확인 소송을 제기함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 존부
- 법리: 직장 내 성희롱 및 폭언 행위의 사실 인정 여부는 피해자의 진술 신빙성, 객관적 증거, 주변 정황 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 판단함. 특히 성희롱의 경우 은밀하게 이루어지는 특성상 피해자의 일관되고 구체적인 진술이 중요한 증거가 될 수 있으며, 피해자가 즉시 문제 제기를 하지 못한 사정 등도 함께 고려해야 함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 피고 회사가 F의 제보 이후 철저한 조사를 진행하고, F의 진술을 검증하기 위해 주변 동료 조사 및 F의 개인 휴대전화 포렌식 조사까지 실시한 점을 인정함.
- F이 제보 시점부터 법원 증언 시점까지 근로자의 성희롱과 폭언을 구체적이고 일관되게 진술하고 있으며, 당시 상황을 겪지 않고서는 진술하기 어려운 상세한 묘사를 한 점을 높이 평가함.
- 성희롱이 공개된 장소에서 이루어졌다는 근로자의 주장에 대해, 성추행이나 성희롱은 통상 은밀하게 행해지므로 공개된 장소라는 이유만으로 진술이 거짓이라고 볼 수 없으며, 사무실 구조상 성희롱이 가능했던 점을 지적함.
- F이 근로자의 상급자 지위로 인해 인사고과 및 회사 생활에 영향력을 받을 수 있었으므로, 근로자의 요구에 응하거나 즉시 문제 제기를 하지 못한 사정을 이해할 수 있다고 판단함.
- F이 허위 진술을 하거나 근로자를 모함할 특별한 사정이 없는 점, 자발적으로 핸드폰 포렌식 검사에 협조한 점, 주변 지인들에게 고충을 토로한 점, 다른 여직원들도 근로자로부터 성희롱을 당했다는 진술이 있는 점 등을 종합하여 F 진술의 신빙성을 인정함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 제1심 판결을 취소한다. 2. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 3. 소송 총비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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\uba74\uc9c1(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0)\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \ud574\uace0 \ubb34\ud6a8 \ud655\uc778 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc874\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ubc0f \ud3ed\uc5b8 \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131, \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc99d\uac70, \uc8fc\ubcc0 \uc815\ud669 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc740\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131\uc0c1 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uace0 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc9c4\uc220\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c 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\ub0b4\ub9b0 \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0 \ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \ud55c \uc27d\uac8c \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544\uc11c\ub294 \uc544\ub2c8 \ub428 (\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2008. 7. 10. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub45022498 \ud310\uacb0 \ucc38\uc870).\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 F\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \uac15\uc81c\ucd94\ud589\uc774\ub098 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc704\ub825\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ucd94\ud589\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uba70, '\uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uc131\ud76c\ub871' \uc218\uc900\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc120\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\u00b7\uc6b0\ubc1c\uc801\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc218\ub144\uac04 \uc0c1\uc2b5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc18d\ub41c \uc810\uc744 \uc9c0\uc801\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc798\ubabb\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ubc18\uc131 \ubc0f \uac1c\uc804\uc758 \uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 2014. 5. 26. \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucd94\ud6c4 \ub3d9\uc77c \uc0ac\ub840 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc2dc \uba74\uc9c1 \uc801\uc6a9 \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \uc120\uace0\uc720\uc608 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 F\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud55c \uc810\uc744 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uac8c \uace0\ub824\ud568.\n- \uc0c1\uae09 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ubd80\ud558 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubaa8\ubc94\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc57c \ud568\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e0\uccb4\uc801\u00b7\uc5b8\uc5b4\uc801 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uacfc \ud3ed\uc5b8\uc744 \uc77c\uc0bc\uc740 \uc810\uc744 \ube44\ub09c\ud568.\n- \uc704\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc0ac\uc815\ub4e4\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud560 \ub54c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uace0\uc6a9\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\ub97c \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud6fc\uc190\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2008. 7. 10. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub45022498 \ud310\uacb0\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 D\ud300\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ubb34\ud55c \uae30\uac04\uc744 \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uba74 F\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ubd80\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ubb34\ud55c F\uc758 \uc0c1\uae09\uc790\uc600\uc74c.\n- F\uc740 \ucd5c\ucd08 \uc81c\ubcf4 \uc774\uba54\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \"\uadf8\ub3d9\uc548 \ucc38\uc544\uc654\ub358 \uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \ud55c \uac00\uc815\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5, \ud3c9\uac00\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc774 \ubb34\uc11c\uc6e0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\"\ub77c\uace0 \uc9c4\uc220\ud568.\n- F\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc81c\ubcf4\ud558\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ubcc0 \uc9c0\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \"\ud558\uc544TT \uc9c4\uc9dc \ud798\ub4e4\ub2e4.\", \"\ub098 \uadf8\ub9cc\ub46c\uc57c\uaca0\ub2e4.\", \"\ub098 \ud1f4\uc0ac\ud558\uac8c \ub420\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubab0\ub77c.\"\ub77c\ub294 \ubb38\uc790\uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \uc804\uc1a1\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud568.\n- F \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc6d0\uace0\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc744 \ub2f9\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc5ec\uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \uc9c4\uc220\uc758 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc758 \uc740\ubc00\uc131, \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uac00 \uc989\uc2dc \ubb38\uc81c \uc81c\uae30\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \ubcf5\ud569\uc801\uc778 \uc2ec\ub9ac\uc801 \uc694\uc778(\uc778\uc0ac\uc0c1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \uc6b0\ub824, \uac00\ud574\uc790\uc758 \uac00\uc815 \ubb38\uc81c \uc6b0\ub824, \uc18c\ubb38 \ud655\uc0b0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub450\ub824\uc6c0 \ub4f1)\uc744 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \uc9c4\uc220\uc758 \uc2e0\ube59\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \uc801\uc815\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc0c1\uc2b5\uc131, \uac00\ud574\uc790\uc758 \ubc18\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80, \uacfc\uac70 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc804\ub825, \uc0c1\uae09\uc790 \uc9c0\uc704 \uc774\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5c4\uc911\ud55c \ucc98\ubc8c \uae30\uc870\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc774\uc804 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \uc120\uace0\uc720\uc608 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc7ac\ucc28 \uc131\ud76c\ub871\uc744 \uc800\uc9c0\ub978 \uc810\uc744 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc0bc\uc544, \uc7ac\ubc94\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc131\uacfc \uac1c\uc120\uc758 \uc5ec\uc9c0\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \uc131\ud76c\ub871 \uc608\ubc29 \ubc0f \uadfc\uc808\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \ub178\ub825\uacfc \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc788\uc74c."}
- 따라서 해당 해고의 사유인 근로자의 성희롱 및 폭언 행위가 인정된다고 판단함.
징계양정의 적정성
- 법리: 직장 내 성희롱 행위가 고용 환경을 악화시킬 정도로 심하거나 반복적으로 행해지는 경우, 사업주는 피해 근로자에 대한 손해배상책임을 질 수 있으며, 성희롱 행위자가 같은 직장에서 계속 근무하는 것이 피해 근로자들의 고용 환경을 감내할 수 없을 정도로 악화시키는 결과를 초래할 수 있으므로, 근로관계를 계속할 수 없을 정도로 근로자에게 책임이 있다고 보아 내린 징계해고 처분은 객관적으로 명백히 부당하다고 인정되는 경우가 아닌 한 쉽게 징계권을 남용하였다고 보아서는 아니 됨 (대법원 2008. 7. 10. 선고 2007두22498 판결 참조).
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자의 F에 대한 성희롱은 사실상 강제추행이나 업무상 위력에 의한 추행에 해당하며, '직장 내 성희롱' 수준을 넘어선다고 판단함.
- 근로자의 행위가 일시적·우발적이 아니라 수년간 상습적으로 지속된 점을 지적함.
- 근로자가 자신의 잘못을 인정하지 않고 반성 및 개전의 정이 없는 점을 고려함.
- 근로자가 2014. 5. 26. 다른 직원들에 대한 성희롱 행위로 인해 추후 동일 사례 발생 시 면직 적용 조건부 선고