서울행정법원 | 2020-05-14 | 2019구합64419
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
현장소장의 해고 권한 및 해고 의사표시의 인정 여부
결과 요약
- 근로자의 청구를 기각하고, 소송비용은 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 전기, 설비공사업을 영위하는 회사로, 참가인은 2017. 5. 22.부터 2018. 9. 12.까지 원고 소속 전기공사 기능공으로 근무함.
- 참가인은 2018. 9. 12. 해당 사안 공사현장에서 다른 근로자와 다툼 후 경찰에 신고하였고, 현장소장 F은 참가인과 면담함.
- 참가인은 2018. 11. 5. 경기지방노동위원회에 부당해고 구제신청을 하였고, 경기지방노동위원회는 2019. 1. 3. 참가인의 구제신청을 인용함.
- 근로자는 2019. 1. 30. 중앙노동위원회에 재심을 신청하였으나, 중앙노동위원회는 2019. 3. 28. 근로자의 재심신청을 기각하는 판정(해당 재심판정)을 함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
현장소장의 해고 권한 인정 여부
- 법리: 근로계약의 종료 사유 중 해고는 근로자의 의사에 반하여 사용자의 일방적 의사에 의하여 이루어지는 모든 근로계약 관계의 종료를 의미함.
- 판단:
- F은 근로자를 대리하여 참가인과 면접을 보고 근로계약서를 작성하며 임금 등 근로조건을 정한 점.
- F이 관련 형사사건에서 해당 사안 공사현장과 관련한 원고 소속 근로자의 채용, 해고 등의 실무를 자신이 담당한다고 진술한 점.
- 해당 사안 공사현장에서 상주하는 원고 및 G의 직원 중 현장소장 F보다 높은 직책에 있었던 사람이 없었던 점 등을 종합하여 F에게는 근로자를 대리하여 참가인을 해고할 수 있는 권한이 있었다고 봄이 타당함.
해고 의사표시의 존재 여부
- 법리: 부당해고구제 재심판정을 다투는 소송에서 '근로계약 관계의 종료'에 관한 증명책임은 이를 주장하는 자가 부담하며, 근로자가 근로계약이 사실상 종료된 상태임을 증명하면 '정당한 해고'나 '근로자의 의사나 동의에 의한 퇴직'에 대한 증명책임은 사용자가 부담함.
- 판단:
- 참가인과 F이 대화할 때 사무실에 있던 H가 2018. 9. 14. 참가인에게 F의 말이 해고의 의사표시였다고 이해하고 대화한 점.
- F이 관련 형사사건 법정에서 2018. 9. 12. 참가인에게 '시끄러워서 일을 못 하겠다면 3일에서 1주일 사이의 시간을 줄 테니 다른 곳을 알아보라'고 말한 사실을 인정한 점, 이 발언 후 참가인이 현장을 떠났고 F이 연락하지 않은 점 등을 고려할 때 F의 위 말도 해고의 의사표시에 해당한다고 볼 수 있음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \ud604\uc7a5\uc18c\uc7a5\uc758 \ud574\uace0 \uad8c\ud55c \ubc0f \ud574\uace0 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uc758 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud558\uace0, \uc18c\uc1a1\ube44\uc6a9\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc804\uae30, \uc124\ube44\uacf5\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc744 \uc601\uc704\ud558\ub294 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub85c, \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2017. 5. 22.\ubd80\ud130 2018. 9. 12.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d0\uace0 \uc18c\uc18d \uc804\uae30\uacf5\uc0ac \uae30\ub2a5\uacf5\uc73c\ub85c \uadfc\ubb34\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2018. 9. 12. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uacf5\uc0ac\ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc640 \ub2e4\ud23c \ud6c4 \uacbd\ucc30\uc5d0 \uc2e0\uace0\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud604\uc7a5\uc18c\uc7a5 F\uc740 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uacfc \uba74\ub2f4\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2018. 11. 5. \uacbd\uae30\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uace0, \uacbd\uae30\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2019. 1. 3. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uc778\uc6a9\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2019. 1. 30. \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc744 \uc2e0\uccad\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2019. 3. 28. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud558\ub294 \ud310\uc815(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815)\uc744 \ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \ud604\uc7a5\uc18c\uc7a5\uc758 \ud574\uace0 \uad8c\ud55c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uc885\ub8cc \uc0ac\uc720 \uc911 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 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\uc758\ud55c \ud1f4\uc9c1'\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc99d\uba85\ucc45\uc784\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uacfc F\uc774 \ub300\ud654\ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\ubb34\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uc788\ub358 H\uac00 2018. 9. 14. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c F\uc758 \ub9d0\uc774 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \ub300\ud654\ud55c \uc810.\n- F\uc774 \uad00\ub828 \ud615\uc0ac\uc0ac\uac74 \ubc95\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c 2018. 9. 12. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c '\uc2dc\ub044\ub7ec\uc6cc\uc11c \uc77c\uc744 \ubabb \ud558\uaca0\ub2e4\uba74 3\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c 1\uc8fc\uc77c \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \uc904 \ud14c\ub2c8 \ub2e4\ub978 \uacf3\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\ub77c'\uace0 \ub9d0\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc810, \uc774 \ubc1c\uc5b8 \ud6c4 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ud604\uc7a5\uc744 \ub5a0\ub0ac\uace0 F\uc774 \uc5f0\ub77d\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 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\ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\ub97c \ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \uc885\ub8cc\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd04\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.\n### \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc704\ubc95\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc744 \ud574\uace0\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \ud574\uace0\uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ub2e4\ud23c\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uad6c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc11c\uba74\ud1b5\uc9c0\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \uc808\ucc28\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ubc95\ud55c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1993. 10. 26. \uc120\uace0 92\ub2e454210 \ud310\uacb0 (\ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\uc758)\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2009. 6. 11. \uc120\uace0 2009\ub4503583 \ud310\uacb0 (\uc99d\uba85\ucc45\uc784)\n- \uad6c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c26\uc870 (\ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0)\n- \uad6c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c27\uc870 (\ud574\uace0\uc0ac\uc720 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc11c\uba74\ud1b5\uc9c0)\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2018. 10. 1. \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \uc911\ubd80\uc9c0\ubc29\uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\uccad \uacbd\uae30\uc9c0\uccad\uc5d0 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc9c4\uc815\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc5ec \uc885\uacb0\ub428.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2018. 10. 4. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc99d\uba85\uc744 \ubc1c\uc1a1\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2018. 10. 16. \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08, \uc8fc\ud734\uc218\ub2f9, \uc5f0\ucc28\uc218\ub2f9 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ubc1c\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\ub294 \uad00\ub828 \ud615\uc0ac\uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uae08\ud615\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc74c.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud604\uc7a5\uc18c\uc7a5\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ud574\uace0 \uad8c\ud55c\uc774 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0, \ud604\uc7a5\uc18c\uc7a5\uc758 \ubc1c\uc5b8\uacfc \uc774\ud6c4 \uc815\ud669\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uace0 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud574\uace0\uc608\uace0\uc218\ub2f9 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\ub97c \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc815\ud669 \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774 \uc11c\uba74 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc131\ub9bd\ud568\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud558\uc5ec, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ud574\uace0 \uc808\ucc28 \uc900\uc218 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud568."}
- 근로자가 참가인의 해고예고수당 지급 민원에 따라 30일분 이상의 통상임금을 지급한 것은 근로자가 참가인을 해고하였음을 전제로 한 행동인 점.
- 참가인이 일관되게 근로자에 의해 해고당했다고 주장하며 내용증명, 민원제기, 형사고발 등을 진행한 점 등이 F의 해고 의사표시를 뒷받침함.
- 따라서 근로자를 대리한 F이 2018. 9. 12. 참가인에게 해고의 의사표시를 하여 근로자와 참가인 사이의 근로계약 관계가 사실상 종료되었다고 봄이 타당함.
해고의 절차적 위법성 여부
- 판단: 근로자가 참가인을 해고함에 있어 해고사유와 해고시기를 서면으로 통지하지 아니한 사실에 다툼이 없으므로, 해고사유의 정당성 여부에 관계없이 근로자의 참가인에 대한 해고는 구 근로기준법 제27조에 따른 서면통지의무를 이행하지 않아 절차적으로 위법한 부당해고에 해당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1993. 10. 26. 선고 92다54210 판결 (해고의 정의)
- 대법원 2009. 6. 11. 선고 2009두3583 판결 (증명책임)
- 구 근로기준법 제26조 (해고예고)
- 구 근로기준법 제27조 (해고사유 등의 서면통지)
참고사실
- 참가인은 2018. 10. 1. 근로자를 상대로 중부지방고용노동청 경기지청에 해고예고수당 미지급 진정을 제기하였고, 근로자는 해고예고수당을 지급하여 종결됨.
- 참가인은 2018. 10. 4. 근로자에게 부당해고 내용증명을 발송함.
- 참가인은 2018. 10. 16. 원