서울중앙지방법원 | 2014-06-12 | 2013가합6280
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
이사의 부당 해임으로 인한 손해배상 책임 및 범위
결과 요약
- 회사는 근로자에게 2012. 12. 1.부터 2013. 3. 31.까지 월 4,750,000원, 2013. 4. 1.부터 2014. 3. 31.까지 및 2015. 4. 1.부터 2015. 5. 9.까지 월 2,500,000원의 비율에 의한 손해배상금을 지급함.
- 근로자의 나머지 청구는 기각됨.
사실관계
- 회사는 개인통신용 단말기 부품제조업 등을 영위하는 법인이며, 근로자는 2012. 5. 10. 회사의 사내이사 및 대표이사로 취임함.
- 회사는 2012. 11. 5. 임시 이사회에서 근로자를 대표이사에서 해임하고, 2012. 11. 30. 임시 주주총회에서 근로자를 사내이사에서 해임함.
- 회사의 정관 제32조는 '이사의 임기는 취임 후 3년으로 한다'고 규정함.
- 근로자는 2012. 12. 1.부터 임기만료일인 2015. 5. 9.까지 월 5,000,000원의 손해배상을 청구함.
- 회사는 근로자가 선관주의의무 및 충실의무를 위반하여 해임이 정당하다고 주장함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
대표이사 해임과 손해배상 청구
- 상법 제385조 제1항은 주주총회의 특별결의에 의한 이사 해임 시 임기 전 정당한 이유 없는 해임에 대한 손해배상 청구권을 규정함.
- 이 규정은 이사의 보수청구권을 보장하는 것을 주된 목적으로 하지 않으므로, 이사회가 대표이사를 해임한 경우에 유추 적용할 수 없음.
- 근로자가 이사회 결의에 의해 대표이사에서 해임되었음을 이유로 상법 제385조 제1항에 따른 손해배상을 구하는 부분은 이유 없음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2004. 12. 10. 선고 2004다25123 판결
- 상법 제385조 제1항: "이사는 언제든지 제434조의 규정에 의한 주주총회의 결의로 이를 해임할 수 있다. 그러나 이사의 임기를 정한 경우에 정당한 이유없이 그 임기만료전에 이를 해임한 때에는 그 이사는 회사에 대하여 해임으로 인한 손해의 배상을 청구할 수 있다."
이사 해임과 손해배상 청구
- 상법 제385조 제1항의 '정당한 이유'는 단순히 주관적인 신뢰관계 상실만으로는 부족하며, 이사가 법령이나 정관 위반, 경영 능력 상실 등 객관적 상황이 발생한 경우에 해당함.
- '정당한 이유'의 존부에 대한 입증책임은 손해배상을 청구하는 이사가 부담함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 피고는 원고에게 2012. 12. 1.부터 2013. 3. 31.까지는 매월 4,750,000원의, 그 다음 날부터 2014. 3. 31.까지 및 2015. 4. 1.부터 2015. 5. 9.까지는 매월 2,500,000원의 각 비율에 의한 금원을 지급하라. 2. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 3. 소송비용 중 1/2은 원고가, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다. 4. 제1항은 가집행할 수 있다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uc774\uc0ac\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9 \ud574\uc784\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ucc45\uc784 \ubc0f \ubc94\uc704\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 2012. 12. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2013. 3. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d4 4,750,000\uc6d0, 2013. 4. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2014. 3. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc0f 2015. 4. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2015. 5. 9.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d4 2,500,000\uc6d0\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uae30\uac01\ub428.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uac1c\uc778\ud1b5\uc2e0\uc6a9 \ub2e8\ub9d0\uae30 \ubd80\ud488\uc81c\uc870\uc5c5 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc601\uc704\ud558\ub294 \ubc95\uc778\uc774\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2012. 5. 10. \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac \ubc0f \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\ub85c \ucde8\uc784\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2012. 11. 5. \uc784\uc2dc \uc774\uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\uc784\ud558\uace0, 2012. 11. 30. \uc784\uc2dc \uc8fc\uc8fc\ucd1d\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\uc784\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc815\uad00 \uc81c32\uc870\ub294 '\uc774\uc0ac\uc758 \uc784\uae30\ub294 \ucde8\uc784 \ud6c4 3\ub144\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c\ub2e4'\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2012. 12. 1.\ubd80\ud130 \uc784\uae30\ub9cc\ub8cc\uc77c\uc778 2015. 5. 9.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d4 5,000,000\uc6d0\uc758 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc120\uad00\uc8fc\uc758\uc758\ubb34 \ubc0f \ucda9\uc2e4\uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uc784\uc774 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### 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\uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uc744 \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2004. 12. 10. \uc120\uace0 2004\ub2e425123 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uc0c1\ubc95 \uc81c385\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d: \"\uc774\uc0ac\ub294 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub4e0\uc9c0 \uc81c434\uc870\uc758 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc8fc\uc8fc\ucd1d\ud68c\uc758 \uacb0\uc758\ub85c \uc774\ub97c \ud574\uc784\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774\uc0ac\uc758 \uc784\uae30\ub97c \uc815\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720\uc5c6\uc774 \uadf8 \uc784\uae30\ub9cc\ub8cc\uc804\uc5d0 \uc774\ub97c \ud574\uc784\ud55c \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \uadf8 \uc774\uc0ac\ub294 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uc784\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc190\ud574\uc758 \ubc30\uc0c1\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\"\n### \uc774\uc0ac \ud574\uc784\uacfc \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \uccad\uad6c\n- **\uc0c1\ubc95 \uc81c385\uc870 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\ubcf4\uc7a5\uc744 \uc81c\uc548\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc774\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc9d1\ud589\uc5d0 \uc7a5\uc560\uac00 \ub420 \uac1d\uad00\uc801 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc545\ud654\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc774\uc0ac \ud574\uc784 \uc774\ud6c4 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc0ac(F \uc8fc\uc2dd\ud68c\uc0ac)\ub97c \uc124\ub9bd\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc774\uc804 \uc774\uc0ac \ud574\uc784\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc784\uae30\ub9cc\ub8cc \uc804 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc774\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\uc784\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc0c1\ubc95 \uc81c385\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc190\ud574\ub97c \ubc30\uc0c1\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2004. 10. 15. \uc120\uace0 2004\ub2e425611 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2006. 11. 23. \uc120\uace0 2004\ub2e449570 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uc0c1\ubc95 \uc81c385\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n### \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\ucc45\uc784\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc784\uae30\ub9cc\ub8cc \uc804 \uc774\uc0ac \ud574\uc784\uc73c\ub85c \uc785\uc740 \uc190\ud574\ub294 \uc784\uae30\ub9cc\ub8cc\uc2dc\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \ubcf4\uc218 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc561\uc784.\n- **\uc2e4\uc81c \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac\ub85c \uc7ac\uc9c1 \uc911\uc778 \uc784\uc6d0\uc758 \ubcf4\uc218\ub97c \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b0\uc815\ud568\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud568.**\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\ub0b4\uc774\uc0ac G\uc758 2012\ub144\ub3c4 \ubcf4\uc218\ub294 \uc6d4 4,750,000\uc6d0\uc774\uc5c8\uace0, 2013. 4. 1.\ubd80\ud130 \uc6d4 2,500,000\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uac10\uc561\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2014. 4. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2015. 3. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud734\uc5c5\uc2e0\uace0\ub97c \ud568.\n- **\ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 2012. 12. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2013. 3. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d4 4,750,000\uc6d0, 2013. 4. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2014. 3. 31.\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc0f 2015. 4. 1.\ubd80\ud130 2015. 5. 9.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d4 2,500,000\uc6d0\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.**\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 F \uc8fc\uc2dd\ud68c\uc0ac\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubcf4\uc218\ub97c \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uacf5\uc81c \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 C 2\uc778\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac \uccb4\uc81c\ub85c \uc6b4\uc601\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 C\ub294 \uacf5\ub3d9\ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uac01\uc790 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\ub85c \ub4f1\uc7ac\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc0b0\uacf5\uc7a5\uc740 2012\ub144 10\uc6d4 \ucc3d\uc0ac \uc774\ub798 \ucd5c\ub300 \ub9e4\ucd9c\uc744 \ub2ec\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \ud751\uc790 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\uc74c.\n- C\ub294 2012\ub144 7\uc6d4 \uad6c\ubbf8\uacf5\uc7a5 \ud3d0\uc1c4\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc81c\uc548\uc73c\ub85c 2012\ub144 8\uc6d4 \uc7ac\uac00\ub3d9\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac \ud574\uc784 \ud6c4 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc794\uc5ec \uc784\uae30 \ub3d9\uc548 C \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac\uc640 \ub3d9\ub4f1\ud55c \uc784\uae08 \ubcf4\uc7a5 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc870\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc0ac\ud68c \uc758\uc0ac\ub85d \ub0a0\uc778\uc744 \uc81c\uc548\ud588\uc73c\ub098 \ud569\uc758 \ubd88\ubc1c\ub428.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0c1\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc774\uc0ac\uc758 \ud574\uc784\uacfc \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \uccad\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uba85\ud655\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac \ud574\uc784\uacfc \uc774\uc0ac \ud574\uc784\uc744 \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\uc5ec \uc0c1\ubc95 \uc81c385\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- '\uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720'\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc790\uc758\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc0ac \ud574\uc784\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uace0 \uc774\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \uc548\uc815\uc744 \ub3c4\ubaa8\ud568.\n- \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uc561 \uc0b0\uc815 \uc2dc \uc2e4\uc81c \uc7ac\uc9c1 \uc911\uc778 \uc784\uc6d0\uc758 \ubcf4\uc218\ub97c \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc0bc\uc544 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uc124\uc815\ud568."}
- 근로자가 C에게 비협조적인 태도로 일관하여 경영악화를 초래했다고 보기 어려움.
- 근로자가 경산공장 직원 D, E을 해고하거나, 대표이사 해임 후 동등한 급여 보장을 제안한 것이 이사로서 업무 집행에 장애가 될 객관적 상황에 해당하거나 회사의 경영상태를 악화시켰다고 보기 어려움.
- 근로자가 이사 해임 이후 경쟁사(F 주식회사)를 설립한 것이 이전 이사 해임의 정당한 사유가 될 수 없음.
- 회사가 임기만료 전 근로자를 이사에서 해임한 것은 정당한 이유가 없으므로, 회사는 상법 제385조 제1항에 따라 손해를 배상할 의무가 있음.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2004. 10. 15. 선고 2004다25611 판결
- 대법원 2006. 11. 23. 선고 2004다49570 판결
- 상법 제385조 제1항
손해배상책임의 범위
- 근로자가 임기만료 전 이사 해임으로 입은 손해는 임기만료시까지 회사의 사내이사로서 받을 수 있었던 보수 상당액임.
- 실제 회사의 사내이사로 재직 중인 임원의 보수를 기준으로 산정함이 상당함.
- 회사의 사내이사 G의 2012년도 보수는 월 4,750,000원이었고, 2013. 4. 1.부터 월 2,500,000원으로 감액됨.
- 회사는 2014. 4. 1.부터 2015. 3. 31.까지 휴업신고를 함.
- 회사는 근로자에게 2012. 12. 1.부터 2013. 3. 31.까지 월 4,750,000원, 2013. 4. 1.부터 2014. 3. 31.까지 및 2015. 4. 1.부터 2015. 5. 9.까지 월 2,500,000원의 비율에 의한 손해배상금을 지급할 의무가 있음.
- 근로자가 F 주식회사