부산지방법원 | 2019-07-12 | 2018가단300179
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
명예퇴직 및 신규채용 관련 노사 합의 위반에 따른 손해배상 청구 사건
결과 요약
- 근로자의 채무불이행 및 불법행위로 인한 손해배상 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 회사는 금융업을 영위하는 법인이고, 근로자는 피고 소속 근로자들로 구성된 지회임.
- 회사는 2013. 11.경 대주주의 법정관리로 매각 절차를 밟게 되었고, 2014. 4.경 E가 인수자로 나섬.
- 회사는 회사 매각 및 지점 폐쇄를 이유로 대규모 구조조정을 추진하며 근로자들에게 퇴사, 재입사, 임금삭감, 명예퇴직 등을 요구함.
- 이에 근로자는 피고 및 E와 3자 교섭을 진행하여 2014. 8. 27. 명예퇴직 시행 및 신규채용 관련 합의(이하 '해당 사안 합의')를 체결함.
- 해당 사안 합의 제1조는 명예퇴직 대상 인원을 7명으로 한정하고, 대리급 이하 2명에 대해서는 근로자와 신의성실의 원칙에 입각하여 충분히 협의하여 결정한다고 규정함.
- 해당 사안 합의 제3조는 신규채용 시 3명까지는 E의 독자적 판단에 따르고, 기존 근로자 수 감소분만큼 신규채용이 가능하며, 그 외 신규채용의 경우에는 근로자와 합의한다고 규정함.
- 해당 사안 합의 후 2015. 1. 15. 회사가 선정한 7명의 근로자들이 명예퇴직(이하 '해당 사안 명예퇴직')을 함.
- 회사는 2015. 6.경 4명의 근로자를 추가 채용하였고, 2015. 6. 25. 근로자와 신규채용 인원 4명 확정 및 기존 근로자 전체 인원 17명 확정에 협의함.
- 회사는 2016. 9.경 서울강남지점을 개설하며 직원 8명을 신규 채용하였고, 2017. 9. 1. 2명, 2017. 10. 30. 1명을 추가 채용함.
- 근로자와 회사는 2016. 11. 10. 부산지방노동위원회 노동쟁의 조정신청사건에서 조합원 승진 및 타 지역 발령 제한에 대한 조정을 성립함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
채무불이행책임 인정 여부
- 근로자는 회사가 해당 사안 합의 및 2015. 6. 25.자 협의를 위반하여 근로자의 동의 없이 11명의 신규채용을 일방적으로 진행하였으므로 채무불이행으로 인한 손해배상책임이 있다고 주장함.
- 법리: 사용자가 경영권의 본질에 속하여 단체교섭의 대상이 될 수 없는 사항에 관하여 노동조합과 '합의'하여 결정 혹은 시행하기로 하는 단체협약의 일부 조항이 있는 경우, 그 조항 하나만을 주목하여 쉽게 사용자의 경영권의 일부 포기나 중대한 제한을 인정하여서는 아니되고, 그와 같은 단체협약을 체결하게 된 경위와 당시의 상황, 단체협약의 다른 조항과의 관계, 권한에는 책임이 따른다는 원칙에 입각하여 노동조합이 경영에 대한 책임까지도 분담하고 있는지 여부 등을 종합적으로 검토하여 그 조항에 기재된 '합의'의 의미를 해석하여야 함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc2e0\uaddc \ucc44\uc6a9\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uacfc \uacf5\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ub2f4\ubcf4\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 '\ud611\uc758'\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ud568\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\uc774\uc720**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud569\uc758\uc11c \uc791\uc131 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc815 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc88b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc74c.\n- 2016. 11. 10. \ubd80\uc0b0\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uc870\uc815 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc870\uc815\uc2e0\uccad\uc11c\uc5d0 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc790 \uc7ac\uace0\uc6a9\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub178\uc870 \uc694\uad6c\uc548\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \uc870\uc815\uc548\uc5d0\ub294 \uc2e0\uaddc \ucc44\uc6a9 \ub610\ub294 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc790 \uc7ac\uace0\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc2e0\uaddc\ucc44\uc6a9\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc11c\uc6b8\uac15\ub0a8\uc9c0\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc0b0\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ub41c \uc0ac\ubb34\uc18c\ub97c \ub454 \uc6d0\uace0 \ubc0f \uc18c\uc18d \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \ud06c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc120\uc815 \ubc0f \ucc44\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uacbd\uc601\uad8c\uc758 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc73c\ub85c, \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uae30\uc900\uc774\ub098 \ubc94\uc704\uac00 \uaddc\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc804\ub3d9\uc758\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uba74 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uad8c\uc744 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud788 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uac8c \ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubd84\ub2f4\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0\ub294 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud569\uc758\uc758 \uc131\uaca9\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc0ac\uc804 '\ub3d9\uc758' \ub610\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\uc758 \ud569\uce58\ub97c \uc694\ud558\ub294 '\ud569\uc758'\uc784\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud55c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\ubd88\uc774\ud589 \uccad\uad6c\ub294 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2002. 2. 26. \uc120\uace0 99\ub3c45380 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2010. 11. 11. \uc120\uace0 2009\ub3c44558 \ud310\uacb0\n### \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\ucc45\uc784 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc11c\uc6b8\uac15\ub0a8\uc9c0\uc810 \uac1c\uc124 \ubc0f \ucc44\uc6a9 \uacc4\ud68d\uc744 \uc228\uae30\uace0 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc744 \uc720\ub3c4\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c25\uc870\ub97c \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ud1f4\uc0ac\uc790 \uc6b0\uc120 \uc7ac\uace0\uc6a9\uc744 \uc704\ud55c '\uc2e0\uaddc\ucc44\uc6a9\uc2dc \ub178\uc0ac\ud569\uc758 \uc870\ud56d'\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uba70 \uc77c\ubc29\uc801\uc778 \uc2e0\uaddc\ucc44\uc6a9\uc744 \ucd94\uc9c4\ud558\uc5ec \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\ub97c \uad6c\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ud0c8\ud1f4 \uc694\uad6c, \ub178\uc870 \uc801\uadf9 \uac00\ub2f4\uc790 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \uc2dc\ub3c4, \ub178\uc870 \uc8fc\uc694 \uad00\uc5ec\uc790 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1, \ub178\uc870\uc640\uc758 \ud569\uc758 \ubb34\uc2dc \ubc0f \uc2e0\uaddc\ucc44\uc6a9\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \ub178\uc870 \uc870\uc9c1 \uc57d\ud654 \ub4f1\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704(\ub178\uc870 \ud30c\uad34\ud589\uc704)\uc758 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub4e4 \ubc0f \uc99d\uc778 F\uc758 \uc99d\uc5b8\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uae30\ub9dd\ud558\uc5ec \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc744 \uac15\ud589\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uac70\ub098 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\ub828\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\uace0 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc774\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n### 2015. 1. 15.\uc790 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 7\uc778\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc774 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1\uc758 \uc774\uc720\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud569\uc758\uc11c\uc5d0 \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ub300\uc0c1\uc790 \uc120\uc815\uc740 \uc6d0\uce59\uc801\uc73c\ub85c E\uac00 \uacb0\uc815\ud558\ub418, \ub300\ub9ac\uae09 \uc774\ud558 2\uba85\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \uc2e0\uc758\uc131\uc2e4\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \uc785\uac01\ud558\uc5ec \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \ud611\uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uacb0\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ub300\uc0c1\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc784\uae08 24\uac1c\uc6d4\ubd84\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc774 \uc911 4\uac1c\uc6d4\ubd84\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uc548\uc744 \uc218\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ud568.\n- \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1 \ub300\uc0c1\uc790 \uc120\uc815\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0 \ubc0f \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc790\ubc1c\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc778\uc218 \uacbd\uc704, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud569\uc758\uc11c\uc758 \uccb4\uacb0 \uacbd\uc704\uc640 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uc0c1\ud669 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, 2015. 1. 15.\uc790 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 7\uc778\uc758 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc774 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1\uc758 \uc774\uc720\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ub178\uc0ac \uac04 \ud569\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9 \ud574\uc11d\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc5b8\uc801 \uc758\ubbf8\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud569\uc758 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uc81c\ubc18 \uc0ac\uc815, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc7ac\uc815 \uc0c1\ud0dc, \ub178\uc870\uc758 \uacbd\uc601 \ucc45\uc784 \ubd84\ub2f4 \uc5ec\ubd80, \ud574\ub2f9 \uc870\ud56d\uc774 \uacbd\uc601\uad8c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec '\ud569\uc758'\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c '\ud611\uc758'\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uacbd\uc601\uad8c\uc758 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub178\uc0ac \ud569\uc758\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uad8c \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \uc27d\uac8c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uae30\uc874 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\ub840\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc774 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub178\ub3d9\ud589\uc704\ub098 \uae30\ub9dd\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544, \uad00\ub828 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uba85\ud655\ud55c \uc99d\uac70 \ud655\ubcf4\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
- 법원의 판단:
- 해당 사안 합의서가 인수 업무 종결로 효력을 상실하거나 단체협약 또는 단체협약 유사계약으로 2년 경과로 효력을 상실했다는 회사의 주장은 이유 없음.
- 해당 사안 합의서 제3.3조가 피고 경영권의 본질적 권한을 침해하여 무효라는 회사의 주장도 이유 없음.
- 해당 사안 합의서 제3.3조의 '합의'는 회사가 신규 채용을 위하여 반드시 근로자의 사전동의를 요건으로 한다는 취지가 아니라, 사전에 근로자에게 신규 채용의 기준, 범위 등에 관하여 필요한 의견을 제시할 기회를 주고 회사는 근로자의 의견을 성실히 참고하게 함으로써 신규 채용의 합리성과 공정성을 담보하고자 하는 '협의'의 취지로 해석함이 상당함.
- 이유:
- 해당 사안 합의서 작성 당시 회사의 재정 상태가 매우 좋지 않았음.
- 2016. 11. 10. 부산지방노동위원회 조정 당시 조정신청서에 명예퇴직자 재고용에 관한 노조 요구안이 있었으나, 조정안에는 신규 채용 또는 명예퇴직자 재고용에 대한 내용이 없었음.
- 해당 사안 신규채용은 모두 서울강남지점에서 이루어진 것으로 부산에 주된 사무소를 둔 원고 및 소속 근로자들에게 이해관계가 크다고 보기 어려움.
- 직원의 선정 및 채용 여부는 경영권