인천지방법원 | 2023-02-02 | 2022구합51035
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
외국인 전용 임대주택의 내국인 임차인에 대한 임대차 갱신 거절 통지의 법적 성격 및 임차권 존재 확인
결과 요약
- 주위적 청구 및 제1 예비적 청구(행정처분 무효/취소)는 부적법하여 각하함.
- 제2 예비적 청구(임차권 존재 확인)는 이유 있어 인용함.
사실관계
- 회사는 구 경제자유구역법에 따라 외국인 전용 임대주택을 공급하는 임대사업자임.
- 구 경제자유구역법 시행령은 외국인 전용 임대주택의 임대차계약 상대방을 외국인 등으로 한정함.
- 개정 전 경제자유구역개발지침은 외국인 임대공고 후 6개월까지 임대되지 않은 경우 내국인에게 임대할 수 있도록 허용함.
- 내국인인 원고들은 2017년 8월 회사와 해당 사안 주택에 대해 임대차계약을 체결하고, 1회 갱신하여 임대차기간이 2021. 9. 30.까지 연장됨.
- 감사원은 2020년 11월 피고 업무 감사에서 내국인 임차인과의 계약 갱신 거절 필요성을 지적함.
- 회사는 2021. 6. 15. 원고들에게 관계 법령 및 감사원 지적에 따라 임대차계약 갱신을 거절한다는 통지를 함.
- 원고들은 2021년 7월 회사에게 계약 갱신을 요구하였으나, 회사는 거절함.
- 원고들은 2021. 9. 15. 행정심판을 청구했으나, 2021. 11. 29. 각하 재결을 받음.
- 원고들은 2022. 3. 7. 해당 소를 제기함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
해당 사안 통지의 행정처분성 여부
- 행정청의 행위가 항고소송의 대상이 되는 행정처분인지 여부는 관련 법령의 내용과 취지, 행위의 주체·내용·형식·절차, 이해관계인이 입는 불이익, 법치행정의 원리 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 구체적·개별적으로 결정함.
- 공공기관이 사경제 주체로서 상대방과 대등한 지위에서 체결하는 사법상 계약은 사적 자치와 계약자유의 원칙 등 사법의 원리가 그대로 적용됨.
- 해당 사안 임대차계약은 회사가 사경제 주체로서 체결한 사법상 계약이며, 해당 사안 통지는 계약상 대등한 당사자 지위에서 한 의사표시일 뿐, 공권력을 가진 우월적 지위에서 행한 행정처분으로 볼 수 없음.
- 따라서 해당 사안 통지는 항고소송의 대상이 아니므로, 이를 전제로 한 근로자의 주위적 청구 및 제1 예비적 청구 부분의 소는 부적법함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2015. 3. 12. 선고 2014두43974 판결
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 이 사건 소 중 주위적 청구 및 제1 예비적 청구 부분을 각하한다. 2. 피고에 대하여, 원고 A이 별지 1. 목록의 제1항 기재 부동산에 관한, 원고 B가 같은목록 제2항 기재 부동산에 관한, 원고 C이 같은 목록 제3항 기재 부동산에 관한 각 임차권을 가지고 있음을 확인한다. 3. 소송비용은 피고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc804\uc6a9 \uc784\ub300\uc8fc\ud0dd\uc758 \ub0b4\uad6d\uc778 \uc784\ucc28\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc784\ub300\ucc28 \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uc131\uaca9 \ubc0f \uc784\ucc28\uad8c \uc874\uc7ac \ud655\uc778\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc8fc\uc704\uc801 \uccad\uad6c \ubc0f \uc81c1 \uc608\ube44\uc801 \uccad\uad6c(\ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84 \ubb34\ud6a8/\ucde8\uc18c)\ub294 \ubd80\uc801\ubc95\ud558\uc5ec \uac01\ud558\ud568.\n- \uc81c2 \uc608\ube44\uc801 \uccad\uad6c(\uc784\ucc28\uad8c \uc874\uc7ac \ud655\uc778)\ub294 \uc774\uc720 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc778\uc6a9\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uad6c \uacbd\uc81c\uc790\uc720\uad6c\uc5ed\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc804\uc6a9 \uc784\ub300\uc8fc\ud0dd\uc744 \uacf5\uae09\ud558\ub294 \uc784\ub300\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790\uc784.\n- \uad6c 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\uc784\ucc28\uc778\uacfc\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc9c0\uc801\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2021. 6. 15. \uc6d0\uace0\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uad00\uacc4 \ubc95\ub839 \ubc0f \uac10\uc0ac\uc6d0 \uc9c0\uc801\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc784\ub300\ucc28\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub97c \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 2021\ub144 7\uc6d4 \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uac70\uc808\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 2021. 9. 15. \ud589\uc815\uc2ec\ud310\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud588\uc73c\ub098, 2021. 11. 29. \uac01\ud558 \uc7ac\uacb0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 2022. 3. 7. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc758 \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \ud589\uc815\uccad\uc758 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \ud56d\uace0\uc18c\uc1a1\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uad00\ub828 \ubc95\ub839\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \ucde8\uc9c0, \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc8fc\uccb4\u00b7\ub0b4\uc6a9\u00b7\ud615\uc2dd\u00b7\uc808\ucc28, \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4\uc778\uc774 \uc785\ub294 \ubd88\uc774\uc775, \ubc95\uce58\ud589\uc815\uc758 \uc6d0\ub9ac \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\u00b7\uac1c\ubcc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\uc815\ud568.\n- \uacf5\uacf5\uae30\uad00\uc774 \uc0ac\uacbd\uc81c \uc8fc\uccb4\ub85c\uc11c \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uacfc \ub300\ub4f1\ud55c \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc57d\uc740 \uc0ac\uc801 \uc790\uce58\uc640 \uacc4\uc57d\uc790\uc720\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59 \ub4f1 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc758 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uac00 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \uc801\uc6a9\ub428.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc784\ub300\ucc28\uacc4\uc57d\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc0ac\uacbd\uc81c \uc8fc\uccb4\ub85c\uc11c \uccb4\uacb0\ud55c \uc0ac\ubc95\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc57d\uc774\uba70, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub294 \uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1 \ub300\ub4f1\ud55c \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ud55c \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uc77c \ubfd0, \uacf5\uad8c\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc6b0\uc6d4\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ud589\ud55c \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub294 \ud56d\uace0\uc18c\uc1a1\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774\ub97c \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud55c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc704\uc801 \uccad\uad6c \ubc0f \uc81c1 \uc608\ube44\uc801 \uccad\uad6c \ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc18c\ub294 \ubd80\uc801\ubc95\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2015. 3. 12. \uc120\uace0 2014\ub45043974 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2015. 8. 27. \uc120\uace0 2015\ub45041449 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 12. 24. \uc120\uace0 2010\ub2e483182 \ud310\uacb0\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc784\ub300\ucc28\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uacf5\ubc95\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc57d \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uc18c\uc1a1 \ub300\uc0c1 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95\uc0c1 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uc18c\uc1a1\uc740 '\ud589\uc815\uccad\uc758 \ucc98\ubd84 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \ubc95\ub960\uad00\uacc4, \uadf8 \ubc16\uc5d0 \uacf5\ubc95\uc0c1 \ubc95\ub960\uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc18c\uc1a1'\uc744 \ub9d0\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc784\ub300\ucc28\uacc4\uc57d\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc0ac\uacbd\uc81c \uc8fc\uccb4\ub85c\uc11c \uccb4\uacb0\ud55c \uc0ac\ubc95\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc57d\uc774\uba70, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \ub610\ud55c \uc0ac\ubc95\uc0c1 \uc758\uc0ac\ud45c\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub4e4\uc758 \ubc95\ub960\uad00\uacc4\ub294 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc0c1 \ubc95\ub960\uad00\uacc4\uc77c \ubfd0, \uacf5\ubc95\uc0c1 \ubc95\ub960\uad00\uacc4\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uc18c\uc1a1\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8.\n- \ub2e4\ub9cc, \ud589\uc815\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc124\uce58\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc0ac\uac74\uc744 \ud589\uc815\uc0ac\uac74\uc73c\ub85c, \ub610\ub294 \uadf8 \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uad00\ud560\uc704\ubc18\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc0ac\ubb34\ubd84\ub2f4\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \ubd80\ubd84 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\uc73c\ub85c \uc2ec\ub9ac, \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c3\uc870 \uc81c2\ud638\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc784\ub300\ucc28\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc784\ub300\ucc28\uae30\uac04 \uc885\ub8cc 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \uc804\uae4c\uc9c0 \uacc4\uc57d\uac31\uc2e0 \uc694\uad6c\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uac31\uc2e0\uac70\uc808 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc784\ub300\ucc28\ubcf4\ud638\ubc95 \uc81c6\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc784\ub300\ucc28\uacc4\uc57d\uc740 2023. 9. 30.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac31\uc2e0\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd04.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 \uad6c \uacbd\uc81c\uc790\uc720\uad6c\uc5ed\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub839 \ubc0f \uacc4\uc57d\uc77c\ubc18\uc870\uac74 \uc81c10\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \uc81c7\ud638\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uac31\uc2e0 \uac70\uc808\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud568.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uac1c\uc815 \uc804 \uc9c0\uce68 \uc81c50\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub0b4\uad6d\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc784\ub300\uac00 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud558\uc5ec \uc785\uc8fc\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c '\uc704\ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \uc785\uc8fc\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0'\ub85c \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- \ub0b4\uad6d\uc778 \uc784\ucc28\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc784\ub300\ucc28\ubcf4\ud638\ubc95 \ub4f1 \uad00\ub828 \ubc95\ub839\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \uae30\ub300\uac00 \ud615\uc131\ub420 \uac1c\uc5f0\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uace0, \uacc4\uc57d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc784\ub300\ucc28\ubcf4\ud638\ubc95\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d\uac31\uc2e0 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\uc81c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc784\ub300\ucc28\ubcf4\ud638\ubc95 \uc81c6\uc870\uc7583 \uc81c1\ud56d\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uacf5\uacf5\uae30\uad00\uc774 \uccb4\uacb0\ud55c \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uc131\uaca9\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uacf5\uacf5\uae30\uad00\uc774 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uacf5\ubc95\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0, \uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801, \ub0b4\uc6a9, \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\ubc95\uc0c1 \uacc4\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud55c \uc810\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc804\uc6a9 \uc784\ub300\uc8fc\ud0dd\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud2b9\uc218\ud55c \ubaa9\uc801\uc758 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc774\ub77c \ud560\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4, \ub0b4\uad6d\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc784\ub300\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc784\ub300\ucc28\ubcf4\ud638\ubc95\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc30\uc81c\ud560 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801 \uc57d\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\uac70\ub098 \uac15\ud589\uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \uc800\ucd09\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ud55c \uc784\ucc28\uc778\uc758 \uc8fc\uac70 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc785\ubc95 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub97c \uc874\uc911\ud558\uc5ec \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uad8c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uacf5\uacf5\uae30\uad00\uc758 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \ud589\uc815\ucc98\ubd84\uc778\uc9c0 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc0c1 \ud589\uc704\uc778\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uace0, \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc784\ucc28\uc778\uc758 \uc8fc\uac70\uad8c\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc784\ub300\ucc28\ubcf4\ud638\ubc95\uc758 \uac15\ud589\uaddc\uc815\uc131\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud55c \ud310\uacb0\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}
- 대법원 2015. 8. 27. 선고 2015두41449 판결
- 대법원 2014. 12. 24. 선고 2010다83182 판결
해당 사안 임대차계약의 공법상 계약 여부 및 당사자소송 대상 여부
- 행정소송법상 당사자소송은 '행정청의 처분 등을 원인으로 하는 법률관계, 그 밖에 공법상 법률관계에 관한 소송'을 말함.
- 해당 사안 임대차계약은 회사가 사경제 주체로서 체결한 사법상 계약이며, 해당 사안 통지 또한 사법상 의사표시에 해당함.
- 따라서 원고들의 법률관계는 사법상 법률관계일 뿐, 공법상 법률관계라고 할 수 없으므로 당사자소송의 대상이 아님.
- 다만, 행정법원이 설치되지 않은 지역에서 민사사건을 행정사건으로, 또는 그 반대로 처리하는 것은 관할위반이 아닌 사무분담의 문제이므로, 이 부분 청구를 민사소송으로 심리, 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 행정소송법 제3조 제2호
해당 사안 임대차계약의 갱신 여부
- 원고들이 임대차기간 종료 2개월 전까지 계약갱신 요구를 하였고, 회사가 갱신거절 통지를 하지 않은 사실이 인정됨.
- 주택임대차보호법 제6조의3 제1항에 따라 해당 사안 임대차계약은 2023. 9. 30.까지 갱신되었다고 봄.
- 회사는 구 경제자유구역법 시행령 및 계약일반조건 제10조 제1항 제7호에 따라 갱신 거절이 가능하다고 주장함.
- 그러나 개정 전 지침 제50조에 따라 내국인에게 임대가 허용되었고, 원고들이 이에 근거하여 입주하였으므로 '위반하여 입주한 경우'로 단정하기 어려움.
- 내국인 임차인에게는 주택임대차보호법 등 관련 법령이 적용되리라는 기대가 형성될 개연성이 높고, 계약에서 주택임대차보호법의 계약갱신 적용을 명시적으로 배제하지 않았음.
- 따라