서울동부지방법원 | 2021-01-14 | 2019고정1326
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
강요죄의 '협박' 인정 여부 및 실행의 착수 시점
결과 요약
- 피고인들은 강요죄의 수단인 '협박'이 인정되지 않음과 피해자 F에 대한 강요미수죄의 '실행의 착수'가 있었다고 보기 어려움에 따라 무죄를 선고받음.
사실관계
- 피해자 F은 D 퇴사 전 채용비리 제보 및 퇴사 후 임금체불 진정을 제기함.
- 피고인들은 피해자 E가 피해자 F의 아이디로 D 내부 시스템에 접속한 사실을 인지함.
- 피고인들은 피해자 E에게 피해자 F의 진정 취하 및 향후 불이익 행위 금지를 요구하며 형사고발, 징계 등 불이익을 암시하는 발언을 함.
- 피해자 E는 이로 인해 겁을 먹고 피해자 F에게 내용을 전달, 피해자 F은 임금체불 진정을 취하함.
- 피고인들은 피해자 F에게 '향후 회사에 어떠한 이의도 제기하지 않겠다'는 각서 작성을 요구하였으나 거부당하여 미수에 그침.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
강요죄의 '협박' 인정 여부
- 강요죄의 수단으로서 협박은 사람의 의사결정의 자유를 제한하거나 의사실행의 자유를 방해할 정도로 겁을 먹게 할 만한 해악의 고지를 의미함.
- 협박이 인정되기 위해서는 발생 가능한 것으로 생각할 수 있는 정도의 구체적인 해악의 고지가 있어야 함.
- 행위자의 직업이나 지위에 기초한 요구 행위가 강요죄의 수단으로서 해악의 고지에 해당하는지 여부는 행위자의 지위, 언동의 내용과 경위, 요구 당시의 상황, 행위자와 상대방의 성행·경력·상호관계 등을 종합하여 판단함.
- 법원은 피고인들의 언행이 피해자 E에 대한 징계 수위 완화 및 형사고발 면제를 위한 설득 내지 권유로 보일 수 있다고 판단함.
- 피고인들은 D의 직원일 뿐 징계권자가 아니며, 객관적으로 피해자 E에게 해악을 가할 수 있는 지위에 있지 않았다고 판단함.
- 피해자 E에 대한 징계나 형사고발은 D 원장 내지 사무총장의 의사에 따라 진행될 예정이었고, 피해자 E도 피고인들이 직접 불이익한 처분을 한다거나 이를 주도할 것이라고 생각하지 않았을 것으로 보인다고 판단함.
- 피해자 E의 잘못을 선처받기 위해 배우자가 진정한 것을 취하하도록 종용하거나 각서를 작성하게 하는 것이 올바른 행동은 아니나, 피해자 E의 직장생활을 위한 선처 요인이 될 수 있음을 알려주고 권유한 것으로도 보여 강요죄에 해당한다고 단정하기 어렵다고 판단함.
- 검사가 제출한 증거들만으로는 피고인들이 피해자 E에게 한 말이 강요죄의 수단으로서 해악의 고지에 해당한다고 인정하기 부족하다고 판단함.
관련 판례 및 법령
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인들은 각 무죄.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 '\ud611\ubc15' \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \ucc29\uc218 \uc2dc\uc810\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 \uc218\ub2e8\uc778 '\ud611\ubc15'\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uacfc \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac15\uc694\ubbf8\uc218\uc8c4\uc758 '\uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \ucc29\uc218'\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc74c.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc740 D \ud1f4\uc0ac \uc804 \ucc44\uc6a9\ube44\ub9ac \uc81c\ubcf4 \ubc0f \ud1f4\uc0ac \ud6c4 \uc784\uae08\uccb4\ubd88 \uc9c4\uc815\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uac00 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc758 \uc544\uc774\ub514\ub85c D \ub0b4\ubd80 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0 \uc811\uc18d\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc778\uc9c0\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc5d0\uac8c \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc758 \uc9c4\uc815 \ucde8\ud558 \ubc0f \ud5a5\ud6c4 \ubd88\uc774\uc775 \ud589\uc704 \uae08\uc9c0\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uba70 \ud615\uc0ac\uace0\ubc1c, \uc9d5\uacc4 \ub4f1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc554\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \ubc1c\uc5b8\uc744 \ud568.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\ub294 \uc774\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uac81\uc744 \uba39\uace0 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc5d0\uac8c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc804\ub2ec, \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc740 \uc784\uae08\uccb4\ubd88 \uc9c4\uc815\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc5d0\uac8c '\ud5a5\ud6c4 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \uc774\uc758\ub3c4 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uaca0\ub2e4'\ub294 \uac01\uc11c \uc791\uc131\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 \uac70\ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \ubbf8\uc218\uc5d0 \uadf8\uce68.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 '\ud611\ubc15' \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ud611\ubc15\uc740 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uacb0\uc815\uc758 \uc790\uc720\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc758\uc0ac\uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \uc790\uc720\ub97c \ubc29\ud574\ud560 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uac81\uc744 \uba39\uac8c \ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \ud574\uc545\uc758 \uace0\uc9c0\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud568.**\n- **\ud611\ubc15\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ud574\uc545\uc758 \uace0\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.**\n- **\ud589\uc704\uc790\uc758 \uc9c1\uc5c5\uc774\ub098 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0 \uae30\ucd08\ud55c \uc694\uad6c \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ud574\uc545\uc758 \uace0\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704, \uc5b8\ub3d9\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uacbd\uc704, \uc694\uad6c \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uc0c1\ud669, \ud589\uc704\uc790\uc640 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc758 \uc131\ud589\u00b7\uacbd\ub825\u00b7\uc0c1\ud638\uad00\uacc4 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.**\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5b8\ud589\uc774 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc218\uc704 \uc644\ud654 \ubc0f \ud615\uc0ac\uace0\ubc1c \uba74\uc81c\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uc124\ub4dd \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uad8c\uc720\ub85c \ubcf4\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 D\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc77c \ubfd0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc5d0\uac8c \ud574\uc545\uc744 \uac00\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ub098 \ud615\uc0ac\uace0\ubc1c\uc740 D \uc6d0\uc7a5 \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uc0ac\ubb34\ucd1d\uc7a5\uc758 \uc758\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9c4\ud589\ub420 \uc608\uc815\uc774\uc5c8\uace0, \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc9c1\uc811 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ud55c \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4\uac70\ub098 \uc774\ub97c \uc8fc\ub3c4\ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc758 \uc798\ubabb\uc744 \uc120\ucc98\ubc1b\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ubc30\uc6b0\uc790\uac00 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uac83\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc885\uc6a9\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uac01\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \ud589\ub3d9\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub098, \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc758 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc120\ucc98 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c\ub824\uc8fc\uace0 \uad8c\uc720\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ubcf4\uc5ec \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\uac80\uc0ac\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub4e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc5d0\uac8c \ud55c \ub9d0\uc774 \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ud574\uc545\uc758 \uace0\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2019. 8. 29. \uc120\uace0 2018\ub3c413792 \uc804\uc6d0\ud569\uc758\uccb4 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2020. 1. 30. \uc120\uace0 2018\ub3c42236 \uc804\uc6d0\ud569\uc758\uccb4 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ud615\ubc95 \uc81c324\uc870(\uac15\uc694)\n### \uac15\uc694\ubbf8\uc218\uc8c4\uc758 '\uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \ucc29\uc218' \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\uac15\uc694\ubbf8\uc218\uc8c4\uc758 \uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \ucc29\uc218\ub294 \uc9c1\uc811 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ud611\ubc15\uc744 \uac00\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.**\n- \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc5d0\uac8c\ub9cc \uacf5\uc18c\uc0ac\uc2e4\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc9c1\uc811 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc5d0\uac8c \uc704\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ub9d0\uc744 \ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uac00 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ub4e4\uc740 \uc598\uae30\ub97c \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud544\uc5f0\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30\ub3c4 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc740 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 '\ud68c\uc0ac \uc0c1\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uac01\uc11c\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud558\ub354\ub77c'\ub294 \uc2dd\uc758 \ub9d0\ub9cc \ub4e4\uc5c8\uc744 \ubfd0, \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\ubd80 \uc9c4\uc815 \ucde8\ud558 \uc694\uccad\uc774\ub098 \uac01\uc11c \uc791\uc131 \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\uac80\uc0ac\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub4e4\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ud53c\uace0\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc5d0\uac8c \uc9c1\uc811 \ub9d0\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9d0\ud55c \uac83\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac15\uc694\uc758 \uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \ucc29\uc218(\ud611\ubc15)\ub97c \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.**\n- **\ud53c\ud574\uc790 E\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5b8\ud589\uc774 \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \ud574\uc545\uc758 \uace0\uc9c0\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc774\uc0c1 \ud53c\ud574\uc790 F\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec\ub3c4 \uac15\uc694\ubbf8\uc218\uc758 \ud611\ubc15\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.**\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uac74\uc778 '\ud611\ubc15'\uc758 \uc778\uc815 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568. \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc554\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \ubc1c\uc5b8\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 \ud611\ubc15\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \ud589\uc704\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704, \uc5b8\ub3d9\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc131, \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uacfc\uc758 \uad00\uacc4 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uac04\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc804\ub2ec\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uac15\uc694\ubbf8\uc218\uc8c4\uc758 \uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \ucc29\uc218 \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568. \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \ud611\ubc15 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc5c6\uac70\ub098, \uc911\uac04 \uc804\ub2ec\uc790\uc758 \uc790\uc728\uc801 \ud310\ub2e8\uc774 \uac1c\uc785\ub420 \uc5ec\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \ucc29\uc218\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uac15\uc694\uc8c4\uc758 \uc131\ub9bd\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud611\ubc15\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc131\uacfc \uc9c1\uc811\uc131, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc2e4\ud589\uc758 \ucc29\uc218 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e0\uc911\ud55c \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc0ac\ub840\uc784."}
- 대법원 2019. 8. 29. 선고 2018도13792 전원합의체 판결
- 대법원 2020. 1. 30. 선고 2018도2236 전원합의체 판결
- 형법 제324조(강요)
강요미수죄의 '실행의 착수' 인정 여부
- 강요미수죄의 실행의 착수는 직접 피해자에게 협박을 가하는 행위가 있어야 함.
- 법원은 피고인들이 피해자 E에게만 공소사실과 같은 내용을 말하였고, 직접 피해자 F에게 위와 같은 말을 한 적이 없다고 판단함.
- 피해자 E가 피고인들로부터 들은 얘기를 피해자 F에게 전달하지 않을 수도 있었고, 전달하는 것이 필연적이었다고 보기도 어렵다고 판단함.
- 피해자 F은 피해자 E로부터 '회사 상사들이 각서를 요구하더라'는 식의 말만 들었을 뿐, 직접적으로 고용노동부 진정 취하 요청이나 각서 작성 요청을 받은 적이 없다고 판단함.
- 검사가 제출한 증거들만으로는 피고인들이 피해자 F에게 직접 말한 것이 아닌 피해자 E에게 말한 것만으로 피해자 F에 대한 강요의 실행의 착수(협박)를 하였다고 인정하기 부족하다고 판단함.
- 피해자 E에 대한 언행이 강요죄의 수단으로서 해악의 고지로 인정할 수 없는 이상 피해자 F에 대하여도 강요미수의 협박에 해당한다고 인정하기 어렵다고 판단함.
검토
- 본 판결은 강요죄의 핵심 구성요건인 '협박'의 인정 범위를 명확히 함. 단순히 불이익을 암시하는 발언만으로는 강요죄의 협박으로 보기 어렵고, 행위자의 지위, 언동의 구체성, 상대방과의 관계