부산지방법원 | 2014-01-15 | 2013가합40158
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
업무상 질병 요양 기간 중 해고의 무효 확인 및 임금 지급 청구
결과 요약
- 회사가 2007. 6. 20. 근로자에게 한 해고는 무효임을 확인하고, 회사는 근로자에게 미지급 임금, 학자보조금, 생계보조금 및 지연손해금을 지급함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 1988. 4. 18. 해당 회사에 입사하여 근무하다 2007. 6. 20. 정리해고됨.
- 근로자는 2007. 6. 4. 통근버스에서 하차 후 쓰러져 병원으로 후송되었고, 2007. 6. 12. G병원에서 '상세불명의 우울증 에피소드, 본태성 고혈압'(해당 상병) 진단을 받고 2007. 6. 18.부터 29.까지 입원 치료를 받음.
- 근로자는 2007. 6. 19. 해당 상병에 대해 요양신청을 하였으나 2007. 8. 24. 근로복지공단으로부터 요양불승인처분을 받음.
- 근로자는 요양불승인처분 취소 소송을 제기하여 승소하였고, 근로복지공단은 2007. 6. 12.부터 2011. 11. 30.까지를 요양기간으로 인정하고 휴업급여 153,377,680원을 지급함.
- 해당 회사는 2006. 12. 20.부터 구조조정 협의를 진행하여 2007. 4. 11. 명예퇴직을 실시하기로 하였으나, 근로자를 포함한 18명이 퇴직을 거부하자 2007. 6. 20. 이들을 정리해고함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
해고무효확인 청구
- 쟁점: 2007. 6. 20. 이루어진 근로자에 대한 해고가 근로기준법 제23조 제2항에 위반되어 무효인지 여부.
- 법리: 근로기준법 제23조 제2항은 근로자가 업무상 부상 또는 질병의 요양을 위하여 휴업한 기간과 그 후 30일간은 해고할 수 없도록 규정하며, 이는 근로자를 실직의 위협으로부터 절대적으로 보호하고자 함. 요양을 위한 휴업 필요성 여부는 업무상 부상 등의 정도, 치료과정 및 방법, 업무 내용과 강도, 근로자의 용태 등 객관적인 사정을 종합하여 판단함. 위 규정을 위반한 해고는 무효이며, 그 후 기간의 경과로 유효가 될 수 없음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 근로자는 2007. 6. 12. G병원에서 '상세불명의 우울증 에피소드' 진단을 받고 2007. 6. 18.부터 29.까지 입원 치료를 받았음.
- 입원 치료는 주치의의 의학적 판단에 따른 것으로 보이며, 근로자는 입원 기간 동안 불안감, 답답함, 무기력증을 호소하였고 외부활동을 하지 않았음.
- 퇴원 후에도 2008. 7. 8.까지 같은 병명으로 지속적인 진료를 받았음.
- 근로복지공단은 해당 상병에 대해 요양을 승인하고 2007. 6. 12.부터 2011. 11. 30.까지를 요양기간으로 인정하여 휴업급여를 지급함.
- 이러한 사정들을 종합할 때, 근로자는 2007. 6. 18.부터 29.까지 업무상 질병의 요양을 위하여 휴업할 필요가 있었다고 봄이 타당함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 피고가 2007. 6. 20. 원고에 대하여 한 해고는 무효임을 확인한다. 2. 피고는 원고에게, 가. 2011. 12. 1.부터 원고의 복직시까지 월 4,298,532원의 비율로 계산한 돈을, 나. 121,349,239원 및 그 중 119,919,239원에 대하여 2011. 12. 1.부터, 590,000원에 대하여 2012. 3. 30.부터, 840,000원에 대하여 2012. 8. 18.부터 각 2014. 1. 15. 까지 연 5%, 그 다음날부터 다 갚는 날까지 연 20%의 각 비율로 계산한 돈을 각 지급하라. 3. 원고의 나머지 청구를 기각한다. 4. 소송비용 중 1/4는 원고가, 나머지는 피고가 각 부담한다. 5. 제2항은 가집행할 수 있다.
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G\ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c '\uc0c1\uc138\ubd88\uba85\uc758 \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d \uc5d0\ud53c\uc18c\ub4dc, \ubcf8\ud0dc\uc131 \uace0\ud608\uc555'(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc0c1\ubcd1) \uc9c4\ub2e8\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 2007. 6. 18.\ubd80\ud130 29.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc785\uc6d0 \uce58\ub8cc\ub97c \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2007. 6. 19. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc0c1\ubcd1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc694\uc591\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098 2007. 8. 24. \uadfc\ub85c\ubcf5\uc9c0\uacf5\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc694\uc591\ubd88\uc2b9\uc778\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc694\uc591\ubd88\uc2b9\uc778\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc5ec \uc2b9\uc18c\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uadfc\ub85c\ubcf5\uc9c0\uacf5\ub2e8\uc740 2007. 6. 12.\ubd80\ud130 2011. 11. 30.\uae4c\uc9c0\ub97c \uc694\uc591\uae30\uac04\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ud734\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec 153,377,680\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 2006. 12. 20.\ubd80\ud130 \uad6c\uc870\uc870\uc815 \ud611\uc758\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uc5ec 2007. 4. 11. \uba85\uc608\ud1f4\uc9c1\uc744 \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud558\uae30\ub85c \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c 18\uba85\uc774 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uc744 \uac70\ubd80\ud558\uc790 2007. 6. 20. \uc774\ub4e4\uc744 \uc815\ub9ac\ud574\uace0\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \ud574\uace0\ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778 \uccad\uad6c\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: 2007. 6. 20. \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ub418\uc5b4 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubd80\uc0c1 \ub610\ub294 \uc9c8\ubcd1\uc758 \uc694\uc591\uc744 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ud734\uc5c5\ud55c \uae30\uac04\uacfc \uadf8 \ud6c4 30\uc77c\uac04\uc740 \ud574\uace0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub3c4\ub85d \uaddc\uc815\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub97c \uc2e4\uc9c1\uc758 \uc704\ud611\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc808\ub300\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud568. \uc694\uc591\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud734\uc5c5 \ud544\uc694\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub294 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubd80\uc0c1 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4, \uce58\ub8cc\uacfc\uc815 \ubc0f \ubc29\ubc95, \uc5c5\ubb34 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uac15\ub3c4, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc6a9\ud0dc \ub4f1 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud568. \uc704 \uaddc\uc815\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc774\uba70, \uadf8 \ud6c4 \uae30\uac04\uc758 \uacbd\uacfc\ub85c \uc720\ud6a8\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2007. 6. 12. 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\uc778\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ud734\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec\ub97c \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n- **\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\ub4e4\uc744 \uc885\ud569\ud560 \ub54c, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2007. 6. 18.\ubd80\ud130 29.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc9c8\ubcd1\uc758 \uc694\uc591\uc744 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ud734\uc5c5\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd04\uc774 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud568.**\n- **\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc704 \ud734\uc5c5 \uae30\uac04\uc5d0 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ub418\uc5b4 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc784.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 11. 10. \uc120\uace0 2009\ub2e463205 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2001. 6. 12. \uc120\uace0 2001\ub2e413044 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uad6c \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95(2007. 5. 17. \ubc95\ub960 \uc81c8435\ud638\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc758 \uac83) \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d: \"\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ubd80\uc0c1 \ub610\ub294 \uc9c8\ubcd1\uc758 \uc694\uc591\uc744 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ud734\uc5c5\ud55c \uae30\uac04\uacfc \uadf8 \ud6c4 30\uc77c\uac04\uc740 \ud574\uace0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4.\"\n### \uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \ud574\uace0 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08, \ud559\uc790\ubcf4\uc870\uae08, \uc0dd\uacc4\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34 \ubc0f \ubc94\uc704.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ucc98\ubd84\uc774 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc774\uac70\ub098 \ucde8\uc18c\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704\ub294 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub294 \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c538\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uacc4\uc18d \uadfc\ub85c\ud558\uc600\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc784\uae08 \uc804\ubd80\uc758 \uc9c0\uae09\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\ud3c9\uade0\uc784\uae08 \uccad\uad6c**: \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0 \uc9c1\uc804 3\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc6d4 \ud3c9\uade0\uc784\uae08\uc740 4,298,532\uc6d0\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \ud734\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec\uac00 \uc911\ub2e8\ub41c 2011. 12. 1.\ubd80\ud130 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc2dc\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d4 4,298,532\uc6d0\uc758 \ube44\uc728\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud55c \ub3c8\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c. \uad6d\ubbfc\uc5f0\uae08\ubcf4\ud5d8\ub8cc\ub294 \uc784\uae08\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \uc81c\uc678\ud568.\n- **\ud559\uc790\uae08 \uccad\uad6c**: \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ud559\uc790\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc790\ub140 \ud559\uc790\uae08\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\ucd9c\ud55c 29,131,400\uc6d0 \ubc0f \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\uc0dd\uacc4\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \uccad\uad6c**: \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \uc81c59\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc0c1\ubcd1\uc73c\ub85c \uc694\uc591 \uc911\uc778 \uc870\ud569\uc6d0\uc5d0\uac8c \ud3c9\uade0\uc784\uae08\uc758 40%\ub97c \uc9c0\uae09\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0dd\uacc4\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 92,217,839\uc6d0 \ubc0f \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.\n- **\uc18c\uacb0\ub860**: \ud53c\uace0 \ud68c\uc0ac\ub294 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c 2011. 12. 1.\ubd80\ud130 \ubcf5\uc9c1 \uc2dc\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc6d4 4,298,532\uc6d0\uc758 \ube44\uc728\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud55c \ub3c8\uacfc \ud559\uc790\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 29,131,400\uc6d0, \uc0dd\uacc4\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 92,217,839\uc6d0\uc758 \ud569\uacc4 121,349,239\uc6d0 \ubc0f \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud574\uc57c \ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2012. 2. 9. \uc120\uace0 2011\ub2e420034 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ubbfc\ubc95 \uc81c538\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d: \"\uc30d\ubb34\uacc4\uc57d\uc758 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc77c\ubc29\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\uac00 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc30d\ubc29\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc774\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub41c \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc44\ubb34\uc790\ub294 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc758 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ucc44\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \ucc45\uc784 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc774\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub41c \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc44\ubb34\uc790\ub294 \uc0c1\ub300\ubc29\uc758 \uc774\ud589\uc744 \uccad\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.\"\n- \uc18c\uc1a1\ucd09\uc9c4 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud2b9\ub840\ubc95\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc7ac\ud574\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc694\uc591 \uae30\uac04 \uc911 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \ubb34\ud6a8\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud558\uace0, \ud574\uace0\uac00 \ubb34\ud6a8\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc784\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc694\uc591\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud734\uc5c5\uc758 \ud544\uc694\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadfc\ub85c\ubcf5\uc9c0\uacf5\ub2e8\uc758 \uc694\uc591 \uc2b9\uc778 \ubc0f \ud734\uc5c5\uae09\uc5ec \uc9c0\uae09 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\ub85c \uc0bc\uc558\uc74c.\n- \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \ubc0f \ud68c\uc0ac \ub0b4\ubd80 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ud559\uc790\ubcf4\uc870\uae08, \uc0dd\uacc4\ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \ub4f1\ub3c4 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c."}
- 따라서 위 휴업 기간에 이루어진 해당 해고는 근로기준법 제23조 제2항에 위반되어 무효임.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2011. 11. 10. 선고 2009다63205 판결
- 대법원 2001. 6. 12. 선고 2001다13044 판결
- 구 근로기준법(2007. 5. 17. 법률 제8435호로 개정되기 전의 것) 제23조 제2항: "사용자는 근로자가 업무상 부상 또는 질병의 요양을 위하여 휴업한 기간과 그 후 30일간은 해고하지 못한다."
임금 청구
- 쟁점: 해고 무효에 따른 미지급 임금, 학자보조금, 생계보조금 지급 의무 및 범위.
- 법리: 사용자의 부당한 해고처분이 무효이거나 취소된 경우, 근로자의 지위는 계속되고 근로자가 근로를 제공하지 못한 것은 사용자의 귀책사유로 인한 것이므로, 근로자는 민법 제538조 제1항에 의하여 계속 근로하였을 경우에 받을 수 있는 임금 전부의 지급을 청구할 수 있음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 평균임금 청구: 해당 해고 직전 3개월 동안 근로자의 월 평균임금은 4,298,532원이었으므로, 해당 회사는 휴업급여가 중단된 2011. 1