춘천지방법원 강릉지원 | 2012-11-15 | 2012고정261
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
단체협약의 유효성 다툼이 있는 경우 임금 미지급에 대한 고의성 인정 여부
결과 요약
- 피고인은 단체협약의 유효성에 대한 다툼의 여지가 있어 임금 미지급에 대한 고의가 없다고 판단되어 무죄를 선고받음.
사실관계
- 피고인은 (주)D 대표로서 상시근로자 15명을 사용하는 건설장비 임대업자임.
- 피고인은 2011. 7. 14.부터 재직 중인 G의 2011. 7.분 임금 인상분 75,000원을 비롯하여 총 675,000원의 미불금품을 정기지급일에 지급하지 아니함.
- 피고인은 2011. 8. 17. H노동조합위원장과 체결한 단체협약(이하 '해당 단체협약')에 따라 임금 125,000원, 상여금 50,000원(연 3회)을 인상하여 지급해야 함에도, 2011. 7.부터 2011. 11.까지 조합원 G에게 이를 이행하지 아니함.
- 피고인은 H노조의 요구에 따라 2011. 8. 17.경 '2011년 H노동조합 타워크레인분과위원회 임금 및 단체협약에 관하여 2011. 7. 12. H노조가 제출한 단체협약(해당 단체협약)을 2011년 본 회사와 체결한 단체협약으로 간주하고, 2011년 임금 및 단체협약을 성실히 이행할 것을 확약합니다.'라는 이행확약서를 작성해 줌.
- 해당 단체협약에 따라 임금 및 상여금이 2011. 7. 1.부터 소급하여 인상되었으나, 피고인은 그 인상분을 지급하지 않음.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
임금 미지급에 대한 고의성 여부
- 노동조합법 제2조 제4호 라목은 근로자가 아닌 자의 가입을 허용하는 경우 노동조합으로 보지 않는다고 규정함.
- 서울지방노동청 남부지청은 2008년부터 2010년까지 수차례 H노조 건설기계분과가 근로자가 아닌 레미콘·덤프트럭 지입차주들로 대부분 구성되었다는 점을 지적하며 시정을 요구하였으나, H노조는 이에 응하지 않음.
- 노동부도 서울지방노동청 남부지청의 시정요구가 적법한 조치라는 답변을 한 바 있음.
- H노조는 2010. 1. 29.경 대표자 변경 신고를 하였으나, 위와 같은 사유로 신고가 수리되지 않음.
- 실제로 H노조에는 레미콘·덤프트럭 지입차주들이 조합원으로 가입하고 있음.
- 노동조합법 제31조 제1항은 단체협약은 서면으로 작성하여 당사자 쌍방이 서명 또는 날인하여야 한다고 규정함.
- 피고인을 포함한 타워크레인 임대업자들과 H노조 사이에 체결된 2007년 및 2009년 임금 및 단체협약 제11장 제59조는 단체교섭에 합의된 모든 사항은 문서로 작성하고, 노사 쌍방 교섭대표위원이 서명 날인함으로써 효력이 발생하며, 조인식에 참석한 교섭위원 전원이 연서한다고 규정함.
- 그러나 해당 단체협약에는 위와 같은 노사 쌍방 교섭대표위원의 서명·날인 또는 당사자 쌍방의 서명·날인이 없음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인은 무죄. 이 판결의 요지를 공시한다.
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H\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc704\uc6d0\uc7a5\uacfc \uccb4\uacb0\ud55c \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d(\uc774\ud558 '\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d')\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc784\uae08 125,000\uc6d0, \uc0c1\uc5ec\uae08 50,000\uc6d0(\uc5f0 3\ud68c)\uc744 \uc778\uc0c1\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c0\uae09\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc5d0\ub3c4, 2011. 7.\ubd80\ud130 2011. 11.\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc870\ud569\uc6d0 G\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774\ub97c \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 H\ub178\uc870\uc758 \uc694\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c 2011. 8. 17.\uacbd '2011\ub144 H\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ud0c0\uc6cc\ud06c\ub808\uc778\ubd84\uacfc\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc5d0 \uad00\ud558\uc5ec 2011. 7. 12. H\ub178\uc870\uac00 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d)\uc744 2011\ub144 \ubcf8 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc640 \uccb4\uacb0\ud55c \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ud558\uace0, 2011\ub144 \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc744 \uc131\uc2e4\ud788 \uc774\ud589\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \ud655\uc57d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.'\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ud589\ud655\uc57d\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud574 \uc90c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \uc0c1\uc5ec\uae08\uc774 2011. 7. 1.\ubd80\ud130 \uc18c\uae09\ud558\uc5ec \uc778\uc0c1\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc740 \uadf8 \uc778\uc0c1\ubd84\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uace0\uc758\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\ubc95 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c4\ud638 \ub77c\ubaa9\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc790\uc758 \uac00\uc785\uc744 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uccad \ub0a8\ubd80\uc9c0\uccad\uc740 2008\ub144\ubd80\ud130 2010\ub144\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc218\ucc28\ub840 H\ub178\uc870 \uac74\uc124\uae30\uacc4\ubd84\uacfc\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \ub808\ubbf8\ucf58\u00b7\ub364\ud504\ud2b8\ub7ed \uc9c0\uc785\ucc28\uc8fc\ub4e4\ub85c \ub300\ubd80\ubd84 \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc9c0\uc801\ud558\uba70 \uc2dc\uc815\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, H\ub178\uc870\ub294 \uc774\uc5d0 \uc751\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub178\ub3d9\ubd80\ub3c4 \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uccad \ub0a8\ubd80\uc9c0\uccad\uc758 \uc2dc\uc815\uc694\uad6c\uac00 \uc801\ubc95\ud55c \uc870\uce58\ub77c\ub294 \ub2f5\ubcc0\uc744 \ud55c \ubc14 \uc788\uc74c.\n- H\ub178\uc870\ub294 2010. 1. 29.\uacbd \ub300\ud45c\uc790 \ubcc0\uacbd \uc2e0\uace0\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc704\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc2e0\uace0\uac00 \uc218\ub9ac\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c H\ub178\uc870\uc5d0\ub294 \ub808\ubbf8\ucf58\u00b7\ub364\ud504\ud2b8\ub7ed \uc9c0\uc785\ucc28\uc8fc\ub4e4\uc774 \uc870\ud569\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc785\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.\n- \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\ubc95 \uc81c31\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc740 \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc30d\ubc29\uc774 \uc11c\uba85 \ub610\ub294 \ub0a0\uc778\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \ud0c0\uc6cc\ud06c\ub808\uc778 \uc784\ub300\uc5c5\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc H\ub178\uc870 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uccb4\uacb0\ub41c 2007\ub144 \ubc0f 2009\ub144 \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \uc81c11\uc7a5 \uc81c59\uc870\ub294 \ub2e8\uccb4\uad50\uc12d\uc5d0 \ud569\uc758\ub41c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc740 \ubb38\uc11c\ub85c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uace0, \ub178\uc0ac \uc30d\ubc29 \uad50\uc12d\ub300\ud45c\uc704\uc6d0\uc774 \uc11c\uba85 \ub0a0\uc778\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud6a8\ub825\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uba70, \uc870\uc778\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc11d\ud55c \uad50\uc12d\uc704\uc6d0 \uc804\uc6d0\uc774 \uc5f0\uc11c\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc5d0\ub294 \uc704\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ub178\uc0ac \uc30d\ubc29 \uad50\uc12d\ub300\ud45c\uc704\uc6d0\uc758 \uc11c\uba85\u00b7\ub0a0\uc778 \ub610\ub294 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc30d\ubc29\uc758 \uc11c\uba85\u00b7\ub0a0\uc778\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc8fc\uc2dd\ud68c\uc0ac \uac74\uc124\ud0c0\uc6cc \ub4f1 \ud0c0\uc6cc\ud06c\ub808\uc778 \uc784\ub300\uc5c5\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 2011. 9. 5. H\ub178\uc870\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \uc11c\uc6b8\ub0a8\ubd80\uc9c0\ubc29\ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud45c\uc790 J\uc758 \ubb34\uc790\uaca9, H\ub178\uc870\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131, \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd \ubbf8\ube44 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc774 \ubb34\ud6a8\ub77c\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \ud6a8\ub825\uc815\uc9c0 \ubc0f \ubc29\ud574\uae08\uc9c0\uac00\ucc98\ubd84 \uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud568.\n- \ud0c0\uc6cc\ud06c\ub808\uc778 \uc784\ub300\uc5c5\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \ub2e8\uccb4\uc778 K\ud611\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ub4f1\uc740 2011. 10. 26. H\ub178\uc870\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \uc11c\uc6b8\ub0a8\ubd80\uc9c0\ubc29\ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0 H\ub178\uc870\uc758 \uc704\ubc95\uc131, \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd \ubbf8\ube44 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d \ubb34\ud6a8\ud655\uc778 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd, \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\ubc95\uc758 \uaddc\uc815, 2007\ub144 \ubc0f 2009\ub144 \uc784\uae08 \ubc0f \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \uaddc\uc815, H\ub178\uc870\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\uacfc \uadf8\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub178\ub3d9\ubd80 \ubc0f \uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uccad\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5, \uad00\ub828 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc758 \uacbd\uc704 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ubcfc \ub54c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778 \ub098\ub984\ub300\ub85c\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \ubc0f \uadf8\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud55c \uc784\uae08 \ub4f1 \uc9c0\uae09\uc758\ubb34\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\uc5d0 \uad00\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\ud234 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ubc94\ud589\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ubc0f \ub178\ub3d9\uad00\uacc4\uc870\uc815\ubc95 \uc81c2\uc870 \uc81c4\ud638 \ub77c\ubaa9**: \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc790\uc758 \uac00\uc785\uc744 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- **\ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ubc0f \ub178\ub3d9\uad00\uacc4\uc870\uc815\ubc95 \uc81c31\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d**: \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc740 \uc11c\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \uc30d\ubc29\uc774 \uc11c\uba85 \ub610\ub294 \ub0a0\uc778\ud558\uc5ec\uc57c \ud568.\n- **\ud615\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\ubc95 \uc81c325\uc870 \ud6c4\ub2e8**: \ubc94\uc8c4\uc758 \uc99d\uba85\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ubb34\uc8c4\ub97c \uc120\uace0\ud568.\n- **\ud615\ubc95 \uc81c58\uc870 \uc81c2\ud56d**: \ubb34\uc8c4 \ud310\uacb0\uc758 \uc694\uc9c0\ub97c \uacf5\uc2dc\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub2e4\ud23c\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788 \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704(\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \uc544\ub2cc \uc790\uc758 \uac00\uc785 \uc5ec\ubd80)\uc640 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801 \uc694\uac74(\uc11c\uba85 \ub610\ub294 \ub0a0\uc778)\uc774 \ucda9\uc871\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\uc758 \uc81c\uae30\uac00 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc774\ud589\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ud574\ub2f9 \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \ub2e4\ud234 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \ud615\uc0ac\uc0c1 \uace0\uc758\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \ubc95\ub9ac\ub97c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \ud5a5\ud6c4 \uc720\uc0ac \uc0ac\uac74 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc2dc, \ub2e8\uccb4\ud611\uc57d\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ub2e4\ud22c\ub294 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\ub2e4\uba74 \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud615\uc0ac \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uba74\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc120\ub840\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}
- 주식회사 건설타워 등 타워크레인 임대업자들은 2011. 9. 5. H노조를 상대로 서울남부지방법원에 대표자 J의 무자격, H노조의 위법성, 단체협약의 형식 미비 등을 이유로 해당 단체협약이 무효라고 주장하며 단체협약 효력정지 및 방해금지가처분 신청을 함.
- 타워크레인 임대업자들의 단체인 K협동조합 등은 2011. 10. 26. H노조를 상대로 서울남부지방법원에 H노조의 위법성, 단체협약의 형식 미비 등을 이유로 단체협약 무효확인 등의 소송을 제기함.
- 해당 단체협약의 형식, 노동조합법의 규정, 2007년 및 2009년 임금 및 단체협약의 규정, H노조의 구성과 그에 관한 노동부 및 지방노동청의 입장, 관련 소송의 경위 등에 비추어 볼 때, 피고인 나름대로는 해당 단체협약의 유효성 및 그에 근거한 임금 등 지급의무의 존재에 관하여 다툴 만한 상당한 근거가 있다고 판단됨.
- 따라서 피고인에게 범행의 고의가 있었다고 단정하기 어려움.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 노동조합 및 노동관계조정법 제2조 제4호 라목: 근로자가 아닌 자의 가입을 허용하는 경우 노동조합으로 보지 않음.
- 노동조합 및 노동관계조정법 제31조 제1항: 단체협약은 서면으로 작성하여 당사자 쌍방이 서명 또는 날인하여야 함.
- 형사소송법 제