부산고등법원 | 2016-08-24 | 2015누24161
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
기간제 근로자의 근로계약 갱신 기대권 인정 여부 및 부당해고 여부
결과 요약
- 근로자의 근로계약 갱신에 대한 정당한 기대권이 인정되지 않아, 기간 만료로 근로관계가 종료되었으므로, 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 피고와 여러 차례 1년 단위 기간제 근로계약을 체결함.
- 각 근로계약서 제12조는 '보건복지부의 건강증진기금 관련 예산의 폐지, 감소 또는 시·군·구 업무의 조정 등에 의하여 근로계약을 유지할 수 없을 때'를 회사가 근로계약을 해지할 수 있는 사유로 규정함.
- 원고와 회사가 체결한 근로계약 및 '부산광역시 B 비정규직 근로자 취업규정'에는 근로계약 갱신에 관한 요건이나 절차를 설정하는 규정이 없음.
- 기간제 근로자인 근로자에 대하여 계속적 고용관계를 전제로 하는 근무평정이 이루어진 적이 없음.
- 회사는 2013. 1. 1. 이후 원고와 두 차례 재계약을 체결한 후, 기간제법 제4조 제2항에서 정한 2년을 초과하기 전 근로계약이 만료되었음을 알리는 통보를 함.
- 회사는 2014. 12. 9. 통합 후 방문건강관리사업에 종사할 인력을 시간선택제 임기제 공무원으로 채용하기 위한 공고를 하였고, 근로자는 이에 응시하지 않음.
- 보건복지부는 2014. 11. 4. 광역지방자치단체장에게 '지역사회 통합건강증진 사업 전문인력의 고용안정을 위한 협조요청' 공문을 보냈으나, 이는 지방자치단체가 인건비를 충당하고 다양한 경로를 통해 숙련된 전문인력이 안정적인 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 검토를 요망하는 정도에 불과함.
- 회사는 통합 후 방문건강관리사업 시행에 앞서 보건복지부의 긴급지시사항 및 노동조합의 요구에 따라 2년을 초과하지 않는 범위 내에서 근로계약을 갱신함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
근로계약 갱신 기대권 인정 여부
- 법리: 기간을 정하여 근로계약을 체결한 근로자는 그 기간 만료로 근로관계가 종료되는 것이 원칙이나, 근로계약, 취업규칙, 단체협약 등에 갱신 규정이 있거나, 그러한 규정이 없더라도 근로계약의 내용, 동기, 경위, 갱신 기준 등 제반 사정을 종합하여 근로자에게 근로계약이 갱신될 수 있으리라는 정당한 기대권이 인정되는 경우, 사용자가 부당하게 갱신을 거절하는 것은 부당해고와 마찬가지로 효력이 없음.
- 법원의 판단:
- 원고와 회사는 1년 단위로 계약기간을 명시하였고, 근로계약서에 해지 사유를 명시함.
- 근로계약이나 취업규정에 갱신 요건이나 절차에 대한 규정이 없음.
- 기간제법의 입법 취지는 기간제 근로계약의 남용 방지와 노동시장의 유연성 제고를 조화롭게 추구하는 것으로, 재계약 체결에 대한 갱신 기대권이 인정되는 특별한 사정이 없는 한, 기간제법 시행 이후 신규 체결된 기간제 근로계약은 2년 내 종료가 일반적임.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 제1심판결을 취소한다. 2. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 3. 소송총비용은 원고가 부담한다.
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\uc81c3\uc790\uc758 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2012\ub144, 2014\ub144 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \ub9cc\ub8cc \ud6c4 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569\uc758 \uad50\uc12d \uc2dc\ub3c4 \ubc0f \uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc758 \uad8c\uace0\uc548\uc740 \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0\uc744 \uac70\uc808\ud558\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud574\uc654\uc74c\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0c4.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2013. 1. 1. \uc774\ud6c4 2\ub144 \ucd08\uacfc \uc804 \uacc4\uc57d \ub9cc\ub8cc \ud1b5\ubcf4\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc2dc\uac04\uc120\ud0dd\uc81c \uc784\uae30\uc81c \uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0 \ucc44\uc6a9 \uacf5\uace0\ub97c \ud558\ub294 \ub4f1 \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc744 \ubc30\uc81c\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uba85\uc2dc\uc801, \ubb35\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ubbf8 \ud615\uc131\ub41c \uac31\uc2e0 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \ubc30\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub098, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589 \uc774\ud6c4 \ucc44\uc6a9\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ubcf4\uac74\ubcf5\uc9c0\ubd80\uc758 \ud611\uc870 \uc694\uccad \uacf5\ubb38\uc740 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc790\uce58\ub2e8\uccb4\uac00 \uc778\uac74\ube44\ub97c \ucda9\ub2f9\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc219\ub828\ub41c \uc804\ubb38\uc778\ub825\uc774 \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uac80\ud1a0\ub97c \uc694\ub9dd\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\uac00 2013. 1. 1. \uc774\ud6c4 \ub450 \ucc28\ub840 \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uac31\uc2e0\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ubcf4\uac74\ubcf5\uc9c0\ubd80\uc758 \uae34\uae09 \uc9c0\uc2dc \ubc0f \ub178\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uc694\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uc774\ub97c \ubb34\uae30\uacc4\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uacfc \uc9c1\uacb0\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \uc7ac\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0\uc744 \uc989\uc2dc \uac70\uc808\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc815\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c8\uc0bc\uc2a4\ub7fd\uac8c \uac31\uc2e0 \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d \uac31\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uae30\ub300\uad8c\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uc640 \ud53c\uace0 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uadfc\ub85c\uad00\uacc4\ub294 2014. 12. 31.\uc790\ub85c \uae30\uac04 \ub9cc\ub8cc\ub85c \uc885\ub8cc\ub428.**\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 4. 14. \uc120\uace0 2007\ub4501729 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2014. 2. 13. \uc120\uace0 2011\ub45012528 \ud310\uacb0\n- \uae30\uac04\uc81c \ubc0f \ub2e8\uc2dc\uac04\uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubc95\ub960 \uc81c4\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d, \uc81c2\ud56d\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uac31\uc2e0 \uae30\ub300\uad8c \uc778\uc815 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \ucde8\uc5c5\uaddc\uce59, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801/\ubb35\uc2dc\uc801 \uc758\uc0ac, \uad00\ub828 \ubc95\ub839\uc758 \uc785\ubc95 \ucde8\uc9c0 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95 \uc2dc\ud589 \uc804\ud6c4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0, \uc81c3\uc790\uc758 \uc694\uccad\uc774\ub098 \uad8c\uace0\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uc0ac\uac00 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uae30\uac04\uc81c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\uacfc \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \uc790\uc720\ub97c \uc870\ud654\ub86d\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784."}
- 통합 전 방문건강관리사업에서의 계약 갱신은 기간제법 적용을 받지 않던 시점의 사정으로, 이를 해당 근로계약 갱신 기대권의 근거로 삼기 부적절함.
- 기간제법 적용 시점인 2013. 1. 1.부터 근로자의 근로 기간은 2년을 초과하지 않음.
- 보건복지부의 무기계약직 전환 협조 요청 공문은 사용자인 회사의 의사와 무관한 제3자의 영역에서 이루어진 것으로, 회사에 대한 관계에서 구체적인 기대권이 발생했다고 볼 수 없음.
- 근로자는 2012년, 2014년 근로계약 만료 후 퇴직금을 지급받음.
- 노동조합의 교섭 시도 및 지방노동위원회의 권고안은 회사가 재계약 체결을 거절하는 의사를 지속적으로 표시해왔음을 드러냄.
- 회사는 2013. 1. 1. 이후 2년 초과 전 계약 만료 통보를 하였고, 시간선택제 임기제 공무원 채용 공고를 하는 등 재계약 기대권을 배제하려는 의사를 명시적, 묵시적으로 표시함.
- 기간제법 시행만으로 이미 형성된 갱신 기대권이 배제되는 것은 아니나, 근로자는 기간제법 시행 이후 채용되었고, 계약 갱신 기대권이 인정되지 않음.
- 보건복지부의 협조 요청 공문은 지방자치단체가 인건비를 충당하고 다양한 경로를 통해 숙련된 전문