서울행정법원 | 2018-08-24 | 2017구합83911
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
부당대기발령 구제이익 소멸 여부 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자들의 부당대기발령 구제신청에 대한 재심판정 취소 청구를 기각함.
- 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 근로자들이 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자들은 1987년부터 2000년 사이에 참가인과 근로계약을 체결함.
- 참가인은 2017. 3. 16. 및 24. 근로자들에게 대기발령기간을 정하지 않고 자택대기를 명함(이 사건 각 대기발령).
- 참가인은 대기발령 기간 동안 근로자들에게 기본급의 2/3만 지급하고 상여금을 지급하지 않음.
- 근로자들은 이 사건 각 대기발령이 부당대기발령이라며 노동위원회에 구제신청을 하였고, 지방노동위원회는 근로자들의 신청을 인용함.
- 참가인은 2017. 6. 20. 및 23. 근로자들에게 복귀 및 근무 발령을 명함.
- 참가인은 2017. 9. 4.경 근로자들에게 대기발령 기간 동안의 임금 차액을 모두 지급함.
- 중앙노동위원회는 2017. 9. 21. 및 28. 참가인이 대기발령 상태를 해소하고 인사발령을 함으로써 구제신청의 목적이 달성되어 근로자들에게 구제이익이 없다는 이유로 지방노동위원회의 초심판정을 취소하고 근로자들의 구제신청을 각하함(해당 재심판정).
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
이 사건 각 대기발령이 명령휴직 또는 징계처분에 해당하는지 여부
- 법리:
- 참가인의 취업규칙 제55조 제4호는 '특별한 사유가 있어 휴직시킬 필요가 있는 경우 휴직을 명할 수 있다'고 규정하고, 제57조 제1호는 '명령휴직의 휴직기간은 1개월 이상 6개월 이내로 한다'고 규정함.
- 참가인의 인사규정 제19조는 '기타 회사가 필요하다고 인정한 경우 등에는 직원에게 대기발령을 명할 수 있다'고 규정하고, 제20조는 '대기발령자에게는 기본급의 2/3만을 지급하고, 상여금을 지급하지 아니한다'고 규정함.
- 대기발령은 근로자가 현재 직위 또는 직무를 장래에 계속 담당하게 되면 업무상 장애 등이 예상되는 경우 이를 예방하기 위하여 일시적으로 직위를 부여하지 아니함으로써 직무에 종사하지 못하도록 하는 잠정적인 조치임. 이는 근로자의 과거 비위행위에 대한 징벌적 제재로서의 징계와는 성질이 다름.
- 법원의 판단:
- 이 사건 각 대기발령은 기간을 정하지 않고 무기한으로 명해졌고, 기본급의 2/3만 지급되었으며, 대기발령서에 '자택대기'로 명시되어 있어 명령휴직에 해당하지 않음.
- 징계의 대상이 되는 근로자들의 과거 비위행위가 존재하지 않고, 징계결정을 위한 인사위원회가 개최되지 않았으며, 기본급의 1/3이 아닌 2/3가 지급되었고, 참가인의 취업규칙상 징계 종류에 해당하지 않으므로 징계처분에 해당하지 않음.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제3부 판결
사건: 2017구합83911 부당대기발령구제재심판정 원고: 1. A 2.B 3. C 4. D 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: 주식회사 E 변론종결: 2018. 7. 20. 판결선고: 2018. 8. 24.
1. 원고들의 청구를 모두 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 모두 원고들이 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 원고 A은 1999. 12. 1., 원고 B은 2000. 11. 1.. 원고 C은 1989. 11. 1., 원고 D은 1987. 12. 1. 참가인과 각 근로계약을 체결하였다. 나. 참가인은 2017. 3. 16. 원고 A에게 같은 달 17.자로 대기발령기간을 정하지 않고 자택대기를 명하였고, 같은 달 24. 원고 B, C, D에게 같은 달 25.자로 대기발령기간을 정하지 않고 자택대기를 명하였다(이하 '이 사건 각 대기발령'이라 한다). 참가인은 이 사건 각 대기발령 이후 원고들에게 기본급의 2/3만을 지급하고 상여금을 지급하지 아니하였다. 다. 원고들은 이 사건 각 대기발령이 부당대기발령에
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\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud604\uc7ac \uc9c1\uc704 \ub610\ub294 \uc9c1\ubb34\ub97c \uc7a5\ub798\uc5d0 \uacc4\uc18d \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uc7a5\uc560 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc608\uc0c1\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc774\ub97c \uc608\ubc29\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c1\uc704\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc9c1\ubb34\uc5d0 \uc885\uc0ac\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uc7a0\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc870\uce58\uc784. \uc774\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uacfc\uac70 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9d5\ubc8c\uc801 \uc81c\uc7ac\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc640\ub294 \uc131\uc9c8\uc774 \ub2e4\ub984.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc744 \uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ubb34\uae30\ud55c\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ud574\uc84c\uace0, \uae30\ubcf8\uae09\uc758 2/3\ub9cc 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\uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c19\uc870\uc5d0 \uaddc\uc815\ub41c \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1996. 10. 29. \uc120\uace0 95\ub20415926 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 10. 13. \uc120\uace0 2009\ub2e486246 \ud310\uacb0\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uac01 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc73c\ub85c \uc2b9\uc9c4\u00b7\uc2b9\uae09\uc5d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uac00\ud574\uc9c0\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc0f \uc784\uae08\ucc28\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc774\ub4dd\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ubc1b\uc744 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uaddc\uc815 \uc5b4\ub514\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc81c19\uc870\uc5d0 \uaddc\uc815\ub41c \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc744 \ubc1b\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc2b9\uc9c4\u00b7\uc2b9\uae09\uc5d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc774 \uac00\ud574\uc9c4\ub2e4\ub294 \uc870\ud56d\uc740 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc778\uc0ac \ud3c9\uac00\uc790\uac00 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839 \uc804\ub825\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud3b8\uacac\uc774\ub098 \uc545\uac10\uc815\uc744 \uac00\uc838 \ubd88\ub9ac\ud55c \uc778\uc0ac\ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uacfc \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\uad00\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac00\uc815\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ucd94\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c28\uc870, \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 '\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud574\uace0, \ud734\uc9c1, \uc815\uc9c1, \uc804\uc9c1, \uac10\ubd09, \uadf8 \ubc16\uc758 \uc9d5\ubc8c\uc744 \ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub294 \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uad6c\uc81c\ub97c \uc2e0\uccad\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4'\uace0 \uaddc\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uacc4\uc57d\uc0c1\uc758 \uc784\uae08\uc9c0\uae09\uc758\ubb34 \ubd88\uc774\ud589\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839 \uad6c\uc81c\ub97c \uc2e0\uccad\ud558\uc5ec \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825\uc744 \ub2e4\ud22c\ub358 \uc911 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc744 \ud574\uc18c\ud558\uace0 \uc778\uc0ac\ubc1c\ub839\uc744 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uba74 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801\uc744 \ub2ec\uc131\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc774 \uc18c\uba78\ud568.\n- \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839 \uae30\uac04 \uc911 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uc784\uae08\uc758 \uc9c0\uae09 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09\uacfc \ub2e4\ub97c \ubc14 \uc5c6\uc5b4 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \uc774\ubbf8 \uc9c0\uae09\ubc1b\uc740 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839 \uc911\uc758 \uc784\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc774\ub4dd\uc73c\ub85c \ubc18\ud658\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uba74\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc5ec\ub3c4, \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \uc774\uc775\uc740 \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud574\uacb0\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uad6c\uc81c\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc5c6\uac8c \ub418\ubbc0\ub85c \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc740 \uc18c\uba78\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839 \uc2dc \uc2b9\uc9c4\u00b7\uc2b9\uae09 \uc81c\ud55c \uc870\ud56d\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucd94\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc784\uae08\ucc28\uc561 \uc9c0\uae09 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc784\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ubbf8 \uc784\uae08 \ucc28\uc561\uc774 \uc9c0\uae09\ub418\uc5b4 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801\uc774 \ub2ec\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc784\uae08 \ucc28\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc774\ub4dd\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ubc1b\uc744 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc6d0\uace0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc740 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c28\uc870\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc758 \uc874\ubd80 \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud568. \ud2b9\ud788, \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc774 \ud574\uc18c\ub418\uace0 \uc784\uae08 \ucc28\uc561\uc774 \uc9c0\uae09\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0, \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uad6c\uc81c\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ub2e4\ud234 \uc2e4\uc775\uc774 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud568.\n- \ub300\uae30\ubc1c\ub839\uc758 \uc131\uaca9\uc774 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc640\ub294 \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc7ac\ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0, \uc778\uc0ac\uaddc\uc815\uc0c1 \uba85\uc2dc\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ucd94\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uad6c\uc81c\uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud568.\n- \uc784\uae08 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud574\uacb0\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ubb38\uc81c\uc784\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc5ec, \ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c \uad6c\uc81c\uc808\ucc28\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568."}
- 따라서 이 사건 각 대기발령은 명령휴직이나 징계처분이 아닌 참가인의 인사규정 제19조에 규정된 대기발령에 해당함.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 1996. 10. 29. 선고 95누15926 판결
- 대법원 2011. 10. 13. 선고 2009다86246 판결
이 사건 각 대기발령으로 승진·승급에 제한이 가해지는지 여부 및 임금차액이 부당이득이 아님을 확인받을 필요가 구제이익에 해당하는지 여부
- 법리:
- 참가인의 규정 어디에도 근로자가 인사규정 제19조에 규정된 대기발령을 받을 경우 승진·승급에 제한이 가해진다는 조항은 존재하지 않음.
- 인사 평가자가 대기발령 전력이 있는 자들에게 편견이나 악감정을 가져 불리한 인사평가를 할 가능성과 같이 대기발령과 직접적인 연관성이 없는 가정적이고 추상적인 불이익만으로는 대기발령에 대한 구제이익을 인정할 수 없음.
- 근로기준법 제28조, 제23조 제1항은 '사용자가 근로자에게 정당한 이유 없이 해고, 휴직, 정직, 전직, 감봉, 그 밖의 징벌을 할 경우 근로자는 노동위원회에 구제를 신청할 수 있다'고 규정함.
- 임금 미지급은 근로계약상의 임금지급의무 불이행에 불과하므로 구제신청의 대상이 되는 사용자의 처분에 해당하지 않음.
- 근로자가 부당대기발령 구제를 신청하