서울행정법원 | 2018-05-25 | 2017구합76371
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원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
교원 친목회비 횡령에 대한 해임처분 취소 결정의 적법성 판단
결과 요약
- 원고(학교법인)의 청구는 기각됨.
- 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 것을 포함하여 모두 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 C고등학교를 설치·운영하는 학교법인이며, 참가인은 C고등학교 교사임.
- 참가인은 2012. 4.경부터 2014. 2.경까지 C고등학교 친목회 회장으로 재직함.
- 근로자의 교원징계위원회는 2014. 12. 16. 참가인이 친목회비를 개인 명의 계좌로 관리하며 개인적 용도로 사용한 행위가 공금횡령에 해당한다고 보아 해임을 의결함.
- 근로자는 위 의결에 따라 2015. 1. 6. 참가인에 대하여 해임처분(해당 해임처분)을 함.
- 참가인은 2015. 2. 3. 해당 해임처분 취소를 구하는 소청심사청구를 하였고, 피고(교원소청심사위원회)는 2015. 4. 23. 친목회비는 공금이 아니며 횡령액 특정 불가 및 불법영득의사 불인정을 이유로 해임처분을 취소하는 결정(제1 결정)을 함.
- 근로자는 제1 결정 취소 소송을 제기하였고, 서울행정법원은 2016. 4. 1. 친목회비가 공금은 아니지만 참가인의 사적 사용은 횡령에 해당하며, 해임은 과중하여 재량권 남용으로 보이나, 징계사유 일부 인정 시 회사의 결정을 취소해야 한다는 이유로 제1 결정을 취소하는 판결(제1 판결)을 선고하였고, 이는 2016. 4. 23. 확정됨.
- 회사는 2016. 6. 1. 재심사를 거쳐 참가인에 대한 해당 해임처분을 정직 2월로 변경하는 결정(제2 결정)을 함.
- 근로자는 제2 결정 취소 소송을 제기하였고, 서울행정법원은 2016. 12. 2. 근로자의 청구를 기각함.
- 근로자의 항소에 대해 서울고등법원은 2017. 4. 11. 회사가 제2 결정을 함에 있어 재량권의 한계를 일탈하였다는 이유로 제2 결정을 취소하는 판결(제2 판결)을 선고하였고, 이는 그 무렵 확정됨.
- 회사는 2017. 6. 7. 재심사를 거쳐 친목회비 횡령 사실은 인정되나, 징계양정규칙상 '횡령행위로 인한 그 밖의 성실의무 위반'에 해당하고, 비위의 정도가 심하고 중과실이거나 비위의 정도가 약하고 고의가 있는 경우에 해당하여 징계기준이 '강등-정직'인바, 해당 해임처분은 징계양정이 과중하여 재량권을 남용한 것으로 보인다는 이유로 해당 해임처분을 취소하는 결정(해당 처분)을 함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계양정규칙상 '공금'의 해석 및 친목회비의 공금 해당 여부
- 법리: 징계양정규칙의 취지 및 문언, 유형별 징계기준의 내용을 고려할 때 '공금'은 원고 개인의 사비가 아닌 다수 당사자 보유의 일체의 자금으로 확장 해석하기 어려움.
- 판단: 친목회는 교직원들이 자율적으로 조직한 임의단체이므로, 친목회 활동이 교원의 지위에서 수행하는 직무의 일환이라고 인정하기 어려움. 따라서 이 사건 친목회비는 징계양정규칙 [별표] 징계기준상 '공금'이 아님.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제6부 판결
사건: 2017구합76371 교원소청심사위원회결정취소 원고: 학교법인 A 피고: 교원소청심사위원회 피고보조참가인: B 변론종결: 2018. 4. 27. 판결선고: 2018. 5. 25.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 것을 포함하여 모두 원고가 부담한다.
1. 처분의 경위 가. 원고는 C고등학교를 설치·운영하는 학교법인이고, 참가인은 1992. 3. 1.부터 C 고등학교에서 근무하고 있는 교사이다. 나. 참가인은 2012. 4. 경부터 2014. 2.경까지 C고등학교 교직원들(기간제 교원 및 계약직 직원 제외)이 회원인 C고등학교 친목회(이하 '친목회'라고만 한다)의 회장으로 재직하였다. 다. 원고의 교원징계위원회는 2014. 12. 16. '참가인이 친목회장으로 재직하는 동안 친목회원들이 납입한 친목회비(이하 '이 사건 친목회비'라 한다)를 개인 명의 계좌로 관리하면서 개인적 용도로 사용하였으므로 참가인의 행위는 공금횡령에 해당한다. 이는 <law_cite ref="교
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\uad50\uc6d0\uc9d5\uacc4\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2014. 12. 16. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\ub97c \uac1c\uc778 \uba85\uc758 \uacc4\uc88c\ub85c \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uba70 \uac1c\uc778\uc801 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uacf5\uae08\ud6a1\ub839\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc544 \ud574\uc784\uc744 \uc758\uacb0\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc704 \uc758\uacb0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c 2015. 1. 6. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84)\uc744 \ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2015. 2. 3. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84 \ucde8\uc18c\ub97c \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\uccad\uad6c\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud53c\uace0(\uad50\uc6d0\uc18c\uccad\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c)\ub294 2015. 4. 23. \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\ub294 \uacf5\uae08\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70 \ud6a1\ub839\uc561 \ud2b9\uc815 \ubd88\uac00 \ubc0f 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\uc7ac\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \uc815\uc9c1 2\uc6d4\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uc815(\uc81c2 \uacb0\uc815)\uc744 \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc81c2 \uacb0\uc815 \ucde8\uc18c \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc11c\uc6b8\ud589\uc815\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 2016. 12. 2. \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud56d\uc18c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc11c\uc6b8\uace0\ub4f1\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 2017. 4. 11. \ud53c\uace0\uac00 \uc81c2 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \uc77c\ud0c8\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc81c2 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ucde8\uc18c\ud558\ub294 \ud310\uacb0(\uc81c2 \ud310\uacb0)\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc774\ub294 \uadf8 \ubb34\ub835 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub294 2017. 6. 7. \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44 \ud6a1\ub839 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc740 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub098, \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 '\ud6a1\ub839\ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uadf8 \ubc16\uc758 \uc131\uc2e4\uc758\ubb34 \uc704\ubc18'\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uace0, \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc2ec\ud558\uace0 \uc911\uacfc\uc2e4\uc774\uac70\ub098 \ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc57d\ud558\uace0 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900\uc774 '\uac15\ub4f1-\uc815\uc9c1'\uc778\ubc14, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc774 \uacfc\uc911\ud558\uc5ec \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ucde8\uc18c\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uc815(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucc98\ubd84)\uc744 \ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uaddc\uce59\uc0c1 '\uacf5\uae08'\uc758 \ud574\uc11d \ubc0f \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\uc758 \uacf5\uae08 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uaddc\uce59\uc758 \ucde8\uc9c0 \ubc0f \ubb38\uc5b8, \uc720\ud615\ubcc4 \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c '\uacf5\uae08'\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc0ac\ube44\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \ub2e4\uc218 \ub2f9\uc0ac\uc790 \ubcf4\uc720\uc758 \uc77c\uccb4\uc758 \uc790\uae08\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc7a5 \ud574\uc11d\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ub294 \uad50\uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc870\uc9c1\ud55c \uc784\uc758\ub2e8\uccb4\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c, \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c \ud65c\ub3d9\uc774 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc9c1\ubb34\uc758 \uc77c\ud658\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uaddc\uce59 [\ubcc4\ud45c] \uc9d5\uacc4\uae30\uc900\uc0c1 '\uacf5\uae08'\uc774 \uc544\ub2d8.\n### \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44 \ud6a1\ub839 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\uc7a5\uc740 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc704\ud0c1 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud569\ud558\uac8c \uc120\ub7c9\ud55c \uad00\ub9ac\uc790\uc758 \uc8fc\uc758\ub85c \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\ub97c \uad00\ub9ac\ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c. \uc704\ud0c1 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ubd88\ubc95\uc601\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc0ac\uc801\uc778 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c \uc18c\ube44\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \ud6a1\ub839\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\ub97c \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc778 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\uace0, \ud6c4\uc784 \ud68c\uc7a5\uc5d0\uac8c \uc989\uc2dc \uc774\uc6d4\uae08\uc744 \ub118\uaca8\uc8fc\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub2e4\uac00 \uac10\uc0ac\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \ub4a4\ub2a6\uac8c \ubc18\ud658\ud568. \uc774\ub294 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc704\ud0c1 \ucde8\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uc5ec \ubd88\ubc95\uc601\ub4dd\uc758\uc0ac\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\ub97c \uc0ac\uc801\uc778 \uc6a9\ub3c4\ub85c \uc18c\ube44\ud55c \ud6a1\ub839 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n### \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc790\uc758 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud55c \ubaa9\uc801\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ube44\ud589\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ube44\ud558\uc5ec \uade0\ud615\uc744 \uc783\uc740 \uacfc\uc911\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ube44\ub840\uc758 \uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc18\ud558\uac70\ub098, \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \uac19\uc740 \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \ube44\ud589\uc5d0 \ub300\ud558\uc5ec \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc628 \uae30\uc900\uacfc \uc5b4\uae0b\ub098\uac8c \uacf5\ud3c9\uc744 \uc783\uc740 \uc9d5\uacc4\ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub09c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc704\ubc95\ud568.\n- **\ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\ub97c \uac1c\uc778 \uacc4\uc88c\ub85c \uad00\ub9ac\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c \ud68c\uce59\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uad00 \ubc29\ubc95 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\uace0 \uc804\uc784 \ud68c\uc7a5\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uac1c\uc778 \uacc4\uc88c\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \ud559\uad50 \ucd9c\ub0a9\uacc4\ub3c4 \uc774\ub97c \uc6a9\uc778\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ud68c\uc7a5\uacfc \ucd1d\ubb34 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \uacb8\ud558\uba70 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44 \uc9d1\ud589 \uc2dc \uad50\ub0b4 \uba54\uc2e0\uc800\ub85c \ub0b4\uc5ed\uc744 \ubc1d\ud798.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ub2a6\uac8c\ub098\ub9c8 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44 \uacb0\uc0b0\uc744 \ub9c8\uce58\uace0 \uc774\uc6d4\uae08\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \ubc18\ud658\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c \uc784\uc2dc\ucd1d\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2b9\uc778\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ud6a1\ub839 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc740\ud3d0\ud558\uace0 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc720\ud560 \uc758\ub3c4\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c \ud65c\ub3d9\uc5d0 \uba85\ubc31\ud55c \ud53c\ud574\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \ud6a1\ub839 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uc2e0\ubd84\uc744 \ubc15\ud0c8\ud560 \ub9cc\ud07c '\ube44\uc704\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uac00 \uc2ec\ud558\uace0 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0'\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uc784\ucc98\ubd84\uc740 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \ube44\uc704 \uc815\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ube44\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \uacfc\uc911\ud558\uc5ec \uc9d5\uacc4\uc7ac\ub7c9\uad8c\uc744 \uc77c\ud0c8\u00b7\ub0a8\uc6a9\ud55c \uc704\ubc95\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ud6a1\ub839 \ud6c4 \uc218\uc2dc\ub85c \ubc18\ud658\uc774 \ubc18\ubcf5\ub418\uc5b4 \uc654\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucd1d \ud6a1\ub839\uc561 36,330,403\uc6d0\uc740 \ubc95\ub960\uc801 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud6a1\ub839\uc561\uc784.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \ub2a6\uac8c\ub098\ub9c8 \uacb0\uc0b0\uc744 \ub9c8\uce58\uace0 \ud6a1\ub839\ud558\uc600\ub358 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud558\uc600\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud6a1\ub839\uc758 \uc131\ubd80\uc5d0\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc774 \uc5c6\uace0 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc591\uc815\uc758 \ucc38\uc791\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \ubfd0\uc784.\n- \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c\ube44\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc561\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\uc790 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc758 \uc218\uc775\uc744 \uc5bb\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \ubcc0\uc0c1\ud558\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2c8\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uce5c\ubaa9\ud68c \uc790\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uad81\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ubcc4\ub860\uc73c\ub85c \ud568."}
참가인의 친목회비 횡령 여부
- 법리: 친목회장은 친목회원들의 위탁 취지에 부합하게 선량한 관리자의 주의로 친목회비를 관리할 의무가 있음. 위탁 취지에 반하여 불법영득의사를 가지고 사적인 용도로 소비하는 행위는 횡령에 해당함.
- 판단: 참가인은 친목회비를 개인적인 용도로 사용하였고, 후임 회장에게 즉시 이월금을 넘겨주지 못하다가 감사를 거쳐 뒤늦게 반환함. 이는 친목회원들의 위탁 취지에 반하여 불법영득의사를 가지고 친목회비를 사적인 용도로 소비한 횡령 행위에 해당함.
해당 해임처분의 재량권 일탈·남용 여부
- 법리: 징계권자의 재량권 행사가 징계권을 부여한 목적에 반하거나 비행의 정도에 비하여 균형을 잃은 과중한 징계처분을 선택함으로써 비례의 원칙에 위반하거나, 합리적인 이유 없이 같은 정도의 비행에 대하여 일반적으로 적용하여 온 기준과 어긋나게 공평을 잃은 징계처분을 선택한 경우에는 재량권의 한계를 벗어난 것으로서 위법함.
- 판단:
- 참가인이 친목회비를 개인 계좌로 관리했으나, 친목회 회칙에 보관 방법 규정이 없고