서울행정법원 | 2020-02-13 | 2019구합71653
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
부당해고 구제신청 인용 재심판정의 적법성 판단
결과 요약
- 근로자의 청구를 기각하고, 소송비용은 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 2007. 1. 12. 설립되어 종합재무설계 컨설팅서비스업 등을 영위하는 법인임.
- 참가인은 2013. 1. 23. 개인사업자 자격으로 근로자의 영업직 사원으로 위촉되어 투자자 모집업무를 하였고, 2016. 9. 1. 근로자에 정규직 직원으로 입사하여 TF지원부에서 근무함.
- 근로자는 2018. 12. 18. 인사위원회를 개최하여 참가인에 대한 해고를 의결하고, 2018. 12. 27. 참가인에게 민·형사 소송 제기 및 회사 비방, 근무 태만을 징계사유로 해고를 통보함(해당 해고).
- 참가인은 2018. 12. 6. 서울지방노동위원회에 부당해고 구제신청을 하였고, 서울지방노동위원회는 2019. 2. 27. 참가인의 구제신청을 인용함.
- 근로자는 이에 불복하여 2019. 4. 4. 중앙노동위원회에 재심신청을 하였으나, 중앙노동위원회는 2019. 5. 28. 초심판정과 동일한 이유로 근로자의 재심신청을 기각함(해당 재심판정).
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
징계사유의 정당성
- 쟁점: 참가인의 민·형사 소송 제기 및 고발, 회사 비방, 근무 태만이 해고의 정당한 징계사유에 해당하는지 여부.
- 법리: 징계사유의 정당성은 근로자의 행위가 회사의 질서 유지 및 업무 수행에 미치는 영향, 행위의 동기 및 목적, 회사의 손해 발생 여부 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 판단함.
- 법원의 판단:
- 제1사유 (민·형사 소송 제기 및 고발):
- 참가인이 근로자의 대표이사 D과 회계업무 담당 Q을 업무상횡령 혐의 등으로 형사고발하여 Q은 유죄 판결을 받았고, D에 대해서는 현재 수사 중임.
- 참가인이 근로자를 상대로 제기한 성과수수료, 대여금, 손해배상 청구 민사소송에서 모두 참가인 승소 판결이 확정됨.
- 이러한 소송 및 고발은 참가인의 권리행사 차원에서 합리적 근거를 토대로 이루어진 것이며, 근로자의 불법행위에 기인한 것으로 판단됨.
- 회사의 전·현직 임직원이 회사 업무 수행 과정에서 형사 범죄를 저지른 혐의에 대하여 이를 고발하는 것은 오히려 해당 회사의 이익에 부합할 수 있음.
- 따라서 이를 징계사유로 삼는 것은 부당하다고 판단함.
- 제2사유 (회사 비방):
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
서울행정법원 제12부 판결
사건: 2019구합71653 부당해고구제재심판정취소 원고: 주식회사 A 소송대리인 변호사 김은혜 피고: 중앙노동위원회위원장 피고보조참가인: B 변론종결: 2019. 12. 19. 판결선고: 2020. 2. 13.
1. 원고의 청구를 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 원고가 부담한다.
1. 재심판정의 경위 가. 원고는 2007. 1. 12. 설립되어 상시 약 45명의 근로자를 사용하여 종합재무설계 컨설팅서비스업 등을 영위하는 법인이다. 나. 참가인은 2013. 1. 23. 개인사업자 자격으로 원고의 영업직 사원으로 위촉되어 투자자 모집업무를 하였고, 2016. 9. 1. 원고에 정규직 직원으로 입사하여 TF지원부에서 근무하였다. 다. 2018. 12. 18. 개최된 원고의 인사위원회에서 참가인에 대한 해고를 의결하였고, 원고는 2018. 12. 27. 참가인에게 아래와 같은 징계사유로 해고를 통보하였다(이하 '이 사건 해고'). <table_bc id="2_1" src="20211108/ee23ba6
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html", "member_only": false, "extraction_method": "next_data", "ai_summary": "# \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad \uc778\uc6a9 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud558\uace0, \uc18c\uc1a1\ube44\uc6a9\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2007. 1. 12. \uc124\ub9bd\ub418\uc5b4 \uc885\ud569\uc7ac\ubb34\uc124\uacc4 \ucee8\uc124\ud305\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc5c5 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc601\uc704\ud558\ub294 \ubc95\uc778\uc784.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2013. 1. 23. \uac1c\uc778\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc790 \uc790\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc601\uc5c5\uc9c1 \uc0ac\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ucd09\ub418\uc5b4 \ud22c\uc790\uc790 \ubaa8\uc9d1\uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \ud558\uc600\uace0, 2016. 9. 1. \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \uc815\uaddc\uc9c1 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc785\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec TF\uc9c0\uc6d0\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \uadfc\ubb34\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2018. 12. 18. \uc778\uc0ac\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc5ec \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud574\uace0\ub97c \uc758\uacb0\ud558\uace0, 2018. 12. 27. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c **\ubbfc\u00b7\ud615\uc0ac \uc18c\uc1a1 \uc81c\uae30 \ubc0f \ud68c\uc0ac \ube44\ubc29, \uadfc\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub9cc**\uc744 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \ud574\uace0\ub97c \ud1b5\ubcf4\ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud574\uace0).\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2018. 12. 6. \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud574\uace0 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc11c\uc6b8\uc9c0\ubc29\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2019. 2. 27. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uad6c\uc81c\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uc778\uc6a9\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774\uc5d0 \ubd88\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec 2019. 4. 4. \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ub098, \uc911\uc559\ub178\ub3d9\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub294 2019. 5. 28. \ucd08\uc2ec\ud310\uc815\uacfc \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc7ac\uc2ec\uc2e0\uccad\uc744 \uae30\uac01\ud568(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc7ac\uc2ec\ud310\uc815).\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\n- **\uc7c1\uc810**: \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \ubbfc\u00b7\ud615\uc0ac \uc18c\uc1a1 \uc81c\uae30 \ubc0f \uace0\ubc1c, \ud68c\uc0ac \ube44\ubc29, \uadfc\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub9cc\uc774 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80.\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc9c8\uc11c \uc720\uc9c0 \ubc0f \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc218\ud589\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5, \ud589\uc704\uc758 \ub3d9\uae30 \ubc0f \ubaa9\uc801, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc190\ud574 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\uc81c1\uc0ac\uc720 (\ubbfc\u00b7\ud615\uc0ac \uc18c\uc1a1 \uc81c\uae30 \ubc0f \uace0\ubc1c)**:\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac D\uacfc \ud68c\uacc4\uc5c5\ubb34 \ub2f4\ub2f9 Q\uc744 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1\ud6a1\ub839 \ud610\uc758 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ud615\uc0ac\uace0\ubc1c\ud558\uc5ec Q\uc740 \uc720\uc8c4 \ud310\uacb0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uace0, D\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac \uc218\uc0ac \uc911\uc784.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \uc81c\uae30\ud55c \uc131\uacfc\uc218\uc218\ub8cc, \ub300\uc5ec\uae08, \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \uccad\uad6c \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub450 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uc2b9\uc18c \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc18c\uc1a1 \ubc0f 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\ubb34\ub2e8\uacb0\uadfc\uacfc \uc9c0\uac01\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc784\uae08 \uac10\uc561\uc744 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uccb4\ubd88\uc784\uae08 \uc804\uc561\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud588\uc74c.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uc9c0\uac01 \ubc0f \uacb0\uadfc\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uadfc\ubb34\ub97c \ud0dc\ub9cc\ud788 \ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n## \ucc38\uace0\uc0ac\uc2e4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc774\uc0ac D\uc740 2011. 9.\uacbd\ubd80\ud130 2015. 9.\uacbd\uae4c\uc9c0 \uae08\uc735\ud22c\uc790\uc5c5 \uc778\uac00\ub97c \ubc1b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uae08\uc735\ud22c\uc790\uc5c5\uc744 \uc601\uc704\ud558\uace0, \uc720\uc0ac\uc218\uc2e0\ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud558\uba70, \uc0ac\uae30 \ud589\uc704\ub85c \ud22c\uc790\uae08\uc744 \ud3b8\ucde8\ud55c \ud610\uc758\ub85c \uae30\uc18c\ub418\uc5b4 \uc9d5\uc5ed 12\ub144\ud615\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc558\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ubc8c\uae08 2\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc744 \uc120\uace0\ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ud56d\uc18c\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\uc0ac\uc218\uc2e0\ud589\uc704\uc758\uaddc\uc81c\uc5d0\uad00\ud55c\ubc95\ub960\uc704\ubc18\uc758 \uc810\uc740 \ubb34\uc8c4\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub098, \uc0ac\uae30\uc8c4\ub294 \uc720\uc8c4\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \ubbf8\uc9c0\uae09 \uc784\uae08, \uc131\uacfc\uc218\uc218\ub8cc, \ub300\uc5ec\uae08, \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \uccad\uad6c \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub450 \uc2b9\uc18c \ud310\uacb0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc74c.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2017. 4. 12. '\uadfc\ubb34 \uc911 \uc9c0\ub4dd\ud55c \uace0\uac1d \ubc0f \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc815\ubcf4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub204\uc124 \ub4f1\uc758 \uae08\uc9c0'\ub97c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uc11c\uc57d\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \uc81c\ucd9c\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 2017. 6. 1. \uc721\uc544\ud734\uc9c1\uc744 \uc2e0\uccad\ud558\uace0, \uac19\uc740 \ub0a0 \uc11c\uc6b8\uac15\ub0a8\uc9c0\ubc29\uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\uc9c0\uccad\uc5d0 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \uc784\uae08\uccb4\ubd88 \uc9c4\uc815(2017. 3.\ubd84\ubd80\ud130 2017. 5.\ubd84\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc784\uae08)\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2017. 8. 31. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uccb4\ubd88\uc784\uae08 \uc804\uc561\uc778 9,691,922\uc6d0\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud568.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\uc751\ud558\uc5ec \ubbfc\u00b7\ud615\uc0ac\uc0c1 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ucde8\ud558\uac70\ub098, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ube44\ud310\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704\uac00 \ubc95\uc6d0 \ud310\uacb0\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc778\uc815\ub41c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c, \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ub300\uc751\uc740 **\uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uad8c\ub9ac \ud589\uc0ac**\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uadfc\ubb34 \ud0dc\ub9cc \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \ud68c\uc0ac\uac00 \uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc2dc\uc815\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc810, \ucd9c\ud1f4\uadfc \uae30\ub85d\uc758 \ubd88\ud655\uc2e4\uc131 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec **\ud68c\uc0ac\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc30\ucc99**\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uad8c \ud589\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c **\uc0ac\ubc95\uc801 \ud1b5\uc81c**\ub97c \uac15\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uad8c\ub9ac \ud589\uc0ac\ub97c \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\ub294 \ucde8\uc9c0\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c."}
- 참가인이 인터넷 카페에 게시한 글은 원고와 임직원들의 법 위반행위로 인한 피해를 최소화하기 위한 의도에서 작성된 것으로 보임.
- 관련 형사판결에서 근로자의 대표이사 D 등은 사기죄로 유죄 판결을 받았으며, 근로자의 영업사원들이 투자자들에게 원금 보장 및 특정 수익률에 대한 언급을 하였던 것으로 보임.
- 참가인이 작성한 글에 일부 허위 내용이 있다고 보기 어려움.
- 참가인이 작성한 글의 내용은 이 사건 서약서로 보호되는 회사의 비밀사항에 해당하지 않음.
- 따라서 이를 징계사유로 삼는 것 역시 부당하다고 판단함.
- 제3사유 (근무 태만):
- 근로자는 참가인에게 징계위원회 출석을 요구하기 전까지 참가인의 근무불량을 지적하거나 시정을 요구한 사실이 없음.
- 참가인이 동료들과 함께 출퇴근할 경우 지문인식을 거치지 않고도 출퇴근이 가능했음.
- 근로자는 참가인이 제기한 임금체불 진정 사건에서 참가인의 무단결근과 지각을 이유로 임금 감액을 주장하지 않고 체불임금 전액을 지급했음.
- 따라서 참가인이 지각 및 결근을 반복하여 근무를 태만히 하였음을 인정하기 어렵다고 판단함.
참고사실
- 근로자의 대표이사 D은 2011. 9.경부터 2015. 9.경까지 금융투자업 인가를 받지 않고 금융투자업을 영위하고, 유사수신행위를 하며, 사기 행위로 투자금을 편취한 혐의로 기소되어 징역 12년형을 선고받았고, 근로자는 벌금 2억 원을 선고받음.