서울중앙지방법원 | 2019-07-05 | 2018가합549911
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
직원의 부당 대출 실행으로 인한 손해배상 청구 기각
결과 요약
- 근로자의 회사들에 대한 손해배상 청구를 모두 기각함.
- 소송비용은 근로자가 부담함.
사실관계
- 근로자는 비영리 특수법인으로, 회사들은 근로자의 직원으로서 여신 업무를 담당함.
- 근로자는 2011. 7. 6. G에게 10억 5,000만 원을 대출(이 사건 최초 대출)하였고, G은 이 사건 주택을 담보로 제공함.
- G은 2012. 9.경부터 이자를 변제하지 못하였고, 2013. 7.경 변제 능력이 없다고 판단됨.
- 회사들은 부실채권 회수를 위해 F에게 이 사건 주택을 매도하는 방식으로 대출을 진행하고자 함.
- 근로자의 여신업무방법서에 따르면 주택담보대출은 시가추정액의 65%(최대 75%)에서 소액임차보증금을 공제한 액수만 대출 가능함.
- 회사들은 2014. 7. 9. F와 이 사건 주택 매매계약을 체결(매매대금 9억 5,200만 원).
- 회사들은 대출 한도를 회피하고자 매매대금을 16억 원으로 기재한 허위매매계약서를 작성하고, 이를 기초로 F에게 9억 4,000만 원을 대출(이 사건 대출)함.
- 이 사건 대출은 이 사건 최초 대출금 채무를 F가 인수하는 방식이었음.
- 회사들은 이 사건 특별조치(대출원금의 70% 이상 회수 시 회수순위변경 허용)를 적용하여 이 사건 매매대금 9억 5,200만 원을 원금에 우선 충당하고, 나머지 원금, 이자, 지연손해금 채권은 포기함.
- K단체는 2014. 12.경 근로자에 대한 검사에서 회사들의 허위매매계약서 작성 및 부당 대출 사실을 지적함.
- 근로자는 2015. 6. 8. 징계변상위원회를 개최하여 피고 B을 면직, 피고 C를 정직 3개월, 피고 D을 감봉 1개월에 처하는 징계를 의결함.
- 피고 B의 징계에 대한 행정소송에서 법원은 2017. 6. 16. 허위매매계약서에 근거한 부당대출 지시는 징계사유가 인정되나, 징계해고는 과도하다고 판결하여 확정됨.
- 근로자는 2015. 11. 29. 직권재심을 통해 피고 B을 정직 3개월, 피고 C를 감봉 3개월, 피고 D을 견책으로 징계 수위를 감경함.
- 근로자는 2015. 8. 9. 징계변상위원회를 개최하여 피고 B 50%, 피고 C 30%, 피고 D 20%의 비율로 손실금을 변상하도록 결정함.
- F는 2015. 6.경부터 이 사건 대출금 채무 상환을 연체하였고, 근로자는 2016. 11.경 이 사건 주택을 공매처분하여 522,978,395원을 회수함.
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 피고들에 대한 청구를 각 기각한다. 2. 소송비용은 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9 \ub300\ucd9c \uc2e4\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \uccad\uad6c \uae30\uac01\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \uccad\uad6c\ub97c **\ubaa8\ub450 \uae30\uac01**\ud568.\n- \uc18c\uc1a1\ube44\uc6a9\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ube44\uc601\ub9ac \ud2b9\uc218\ubc95\uc778\uc73c\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc5ec\uc2e0 \uc5c5\ubb34\ub97c \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2011. 7. 6. G\uc5d0\uac8c 10\uc5b5 5,000\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 \ub300\ucd9c(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucd5c\ucd08 \ub300\ucd9c)\ud558\uc600\uace0, G\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc744 \ub2f4\ubcf4\ub85c \uc81c\uacf5\ud568.\n- G\uc740 2012. 9.\uacbd\ubd80\ud130 \uc774\uc790\ub97c \ubcc0\uc81c\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uc600\uace0, 2013. 7.\uacbd \ubcc0\uc81c \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 \ubd80\uc2e4\ucc44\uad8c \ud68c\uc218\ub97c \uc704\ud574 F\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc744 \ub9e4\ub3c4\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ucd9c\uc744 \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5ec\uc2e0\uc5c5\ubb34\ubc29\ubc95\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \uc8fc\ud0dd\ub2f4\ubcf4\ub300\ucd9c\uc740 \uc2dc\uac00\ucd94\uc815\uc561\uc758 65%(\ucd5c\ub300 75%)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc18c\uc561\uc784\ucc28\ubcf4\uc99d\uae08\uc744 \uacf5\uc81c\ud55c \uc561\uc218\ub9cc \ub300\ucd9c \uac00\ub2a5\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 2014. 7. 9. F\uc640 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\ud0dd \ub9e4\ub9e4\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0(\ub9e4\ub9e4\ub300\uae08 9\uc5b5 5,200\ub9cc \uc6d0).\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 \ub300\ucd9c \ud55c\ub3c4\ub97c \ud68c\ud53c\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ub9e4\ub9e4\ub300\uae08\uc744 16\uc5b5 \uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\uc7ac\ud55c **\ud5c8\uc704\ub9e4\ub9e4\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c**\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \uae30\ucd08\ub85c F\uc5d0\uac8c 9\uc5b5 4,000\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 \ub300\ucd9c(\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ucd9c)\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ucd9c\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucd5c\ucd08 \ub300\ucd9c\uae08 \ucc44\ubb34\ub97c F\uac00 \uc778\uc218\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud2b9\ubcc4\uc870\uce58(\ub300\ucd9c\uc6d0\uae08\uc758 70% \uc774\uc0c1 \ud68c\uc218 \uc2dc \ud68c\uc218\uc21c\uc704\ubcc0\uacbd \ud5c8\uc6a9)\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub9e4\ub9e4\ub300\uae08 9\uc5b5 5,200\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 \uc6d0\uae08\uc5d0 \uc6b0\uc120 \ucda9\ub2f9\ud558\uace0, \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \uc6d0\uae08, \uc774\uc790, \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc190\ud574\uae08 \ucc44\uad8c\uc740 \ud3ec\uae30\ud568.\n- K\ub2e8\uccb4\ub294 2014. 12.\uacbd \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac80\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc758 \ud5c8\uc704\ub9e4\ub9e4\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c \uc791\uc131 \ubc0f \ubd80\ub2f9 \ub300\ucd9c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc9c0\uc801\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 6. 8. \uc9d5\uacc4\ubcc0\uc0c1\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0 B\uc744 \uba74\uc9c1, \ud53c\uace0 C\ub97c \uc815\uc9c1 3\uac1c\uc6d4, \ud53c\uace0 D\uc744 \uac10\ubd09 1\uac1c\uc6d4\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud558\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\ub97c \uc758\uacb0\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0 B\uc758 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud589\uc815\uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 2017. 6. 16. **\ud5c8\uc704\ub9e4\ub9e4\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud55c \ubd80\ub2f9\ub300\ucd9c \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub294 \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub098, \uc9d5\uacc4\ud574\uace0\ub294 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud558\ub2e4**\uace0 \ud310\uacb0\ud558\uc5ec \ud655\uc815\ub428.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 11. 29. \uc9c1\uad8c\uc7ac\uc2ec\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud53c\uace0 B\uc744 \uc815\uc9c1 3\uac1c\uc6d4, \ud53c\uace0 C\ub97c \uac10\ubd09 3\uac1c\uc6d4, \ud53c\uace0 D\uc744 \uacac\ucc45\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc218\uc704\ub97c \uac10\uacbd\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2015. 8. 9. \uc9d5\uacc4\ubcc0\uc0c1\uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc5ec \ud53c\uace0 B 50%, \ud53c\uace0 C 30%, \ud53c\uace0 D 20%\uc758 \ube44\uc728\ub85c \uc190\uc2e4\uae08\uc744 \ubcc0\uc0c1\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uacb0\uc815\ud568.\n- F\ub294 2015. 6.\uacbd\ubd80\ud130 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ucd9c\uae08 \ucc44\ubb34 \uc0c1\ud658\uc744 \uc5f0\uccb4\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 2016. 11.\uacbd \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc744 \uacf5\ub9e4\ucc98\ubd84\ud558\uc5ec 522,978,395\uc6d0\uc744 \ud68c\uc218\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### 1. \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\ucc98\ub9ac\uc0c1 \uace0\uc758 \ub610\ub294 \uc911\uacfc\uc2e4 \uc5ec\ubd80\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uc740\ud589\uc758 \ubcc0\uc0c1\uaddc\uc815\uc740 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 \uace0\uc758 \ub610\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uacfc\uc2e4\ub85c \uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ub97c \ub07c\ucce4\uc744 \ub54c \ubcc0\uc0c1\ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0, \uacbd\uacfc\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ubcc0\uc0c1\ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c. \ubbfc\ubc95\uc0c1 \ubd88\ubc95\ud589\uc704 \ucc45\uc784\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubcc0\uc0c1\uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub428.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc5ec\uc2e0\uc5c5\ubb34\ubc29\ubc95\uc11c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ud55c \ub300\ucd9c \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \ucd08\uacfc\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc54c\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 **\ud5c8\uc704\ub9e4\ub9e4\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ucd9c\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589**\ud558\uc600\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc5ec\uc2e0\uc5c5\ubb34\ubc29\ubc95\uc11c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 5\uc5b5 \uc6d0 \ucd08\uacfc \ub300\ucd9c \uc2dc \uc678\ubd80 \uac10\uc815\ud3c9\uac00\ubc95\uc778\uc758 \uac10\uc815\uc744 \ubc1b\uac70\ub098, \uc2dc\uac00\uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \uae30\ucd08\ub85c \uc2dc\uac00\ucd94\uc815\uc744 \ud558\uac70\ub098, 2\ub144 \uc774\ub0b4\uc758 \uac10\uc815\ud3c9\uac00\uc11c \ub4f1\uc744 \uadfc\uac70\ub85c \uc790\uccb4 \uac10\uc815\ud3c9\uac00\ub97c \ud574\uc57c \ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc774 \ucca8\ubd80\ud55c \uac10\uc815\uc11c\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c 2\ub144 \uc774\ub0b4\uc758 \uac10\uc815\ud3c9\uac00\uc11c\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131 \uc788\ub294 \uc2dc\uac00\uc790\ub8cc\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc740 \ud5c8\uc704\ub9e4\ub9e4\uacc4\uc57d\uc11c\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 F\uc5d0\uac8c 9\uc5b5 4,000\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 \ub300\ucd9c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ucd9c\uc740 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ud2b9\ubcc4\uc870\uce58(\uc6d0\uae08 70% \uc774\uc0c1 \ud68c\uc218 \uc2dc \ud68c\uc218\uc21c\uc704\ubcc0\uacbd) \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc774 \ub300\ucd9c\uac00\ub2a5\uae08\uc561\uc744 \ub298\ub824 \ud68c\uc218\uc21c\uc704\ubcc0\uacbd \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, **\ud68c\uc218\uc21c\uc704\ubcc0\uacbd \uad00\ub828 \uaddc\uc815\ub3c4 \uc704\ubc18**\ud568.\n- \uad00\ub828 \ud589\uc815\ud310\uacb0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud53c\uace0 B\uc758 \ubd80\ub2f9\ub300\ucd9c \uc9c0\uc2dc\uac00 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5ec\uc2e0\uaddc\uc815 \uc704\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d5\uacc4\uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub294 **\uace0\uc758\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\ucc98\ub9ac\uaddc\uc815 \uc704\ubc18**\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud568.\n- \ud53c\uace0 D\uc774 \uc0c1\uae09\uc790 \uc9c0\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub790\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc9c0\uc2dc\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud55c \uc9d5\uacc4 \ubc0f \ubcc0\uc0c1\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc\ucc98\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ucc38\uc791 \uc0ac\uc720\uc77c \ubfd0 \uc704\ubc95\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \ud53c\uace0 C, D\uc774 \uac10\ubd09 \ubc0f \uacac\ucc45 \ucc98\ubd84\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc774\ub294 \uacbd\uacfc\uc2e4\ub9cc\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc218\uc704\ub97c \uac10\uacbd\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ud558\uc5ec \ubcc0\uc0c1\uae08 \ubd80\uacfc \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uba74\uc81c\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1998. 10. 9. \uc120\uace0 98\ub2e418117 \ud310\uacb0\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 1999. 7. 27. \uc120\uace0 99\ub2e423550 \ud310\uacb0\n### 2. \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\ub85c \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c \uc190\ud574\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80 (\uc778\uacfc\uad00\uacc4)\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uae08\uc735\uae30\uad00\uc774 \ud604\uc2e4\uc801\uc778 \uc790\uae08 \uc218\uc218 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e0\uaddc\ub300\ucd9c\uc744 \ud558\uc5ec \uae30\uc874 \ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \ubcc0\uc81c\ud558\uac8c \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \ub300\ucd9c\uae30\ud55c\uc744 \uc5f0\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ud658\ub300\ucd9c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uae30\ud55c \uc5f0\uc7a5 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ucc44\ubb34\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ub300\ucd9c\uae08\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud68c\uc218\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \uae30\ud55c \uc5f0\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \ucc44\ubb34\uc790\uc758 \uc790\uae08 \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \uc545\ud654\ub420 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c\uace0 \uc5f0\uc7a5\ud574 \uc900 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc190\ud574\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544 \ubd80\uc2e4\uacbd\uc601 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubb3c\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c. \ub2e8\uc9c0 \uae30\ud55c \uc5f0\uc7a5\uc774 \uaddc\uc815\uc5d0 \ubc18\ud558\ub294 \uc784\ubb34\uc704\ubc30\ud589\uc704\ub77c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc815\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ubbf8\ud68c\uc218\uc561 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc131\ub9bd\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc784\uc9c1\uc6d0 \ubcc0\uc0c1\ucc45\uc784\uc740 \uc704\ubc95\u00b7\ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c **\uc7ac\uc0b0\uc0c1 \uc190\uc2e4\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0**\uc5d0 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud568.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ucd9c\uc740 F\uac00 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucd5c\ucd08 \ub300\ucd9c\uae08 \ucc44\ubb34\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\ub97c \uc778\uc218\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \ucc44\ubb34\uc790\ub9cc \ubcc0\uacbd\ub41c \ud615\ud0dc\uc784.\n- \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ucd9c \uc804\uc5d0 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uad6c \ucc44\ubb34\uc790 G\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\ubcc0\uc81c\ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uc600\uace0, F\uac00 \ubd80\uc2e4\ud654\ub41c \ub300\ucd9c\ucc44\ubb34 \uc911 \uc77c\ubd80\ub97c \uc778\uc218\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ub300\ucd9c\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uba74\uc11c **\ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc790\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc74c**.\n- \uc774\ubbf8 \ubd80\uc2e4\ud654\ub418\uc5b4 \ubcc0\uc81c\ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \ucd5c\ucd08 \ub300\ucd9c\ucc44\ubb34\ub97c F\uac00 \uc778\uc218\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uae30\uc874 \ubd80\uc2e4\ucc44\uad8c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\ucd9c\ud55c\ub3c4\uc561\uc744 \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \ub300\ucd9c\ud558\uc600\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadf8\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc6d0\uace0\uc5d0\uac8c **\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc190\ud574\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c**.\n- \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc774 \ub300\ucd9c\ud55c\ub3c4\uc561\uc744 \ucd08\uacfc\ud558\uc5ec \ub300\ucd9c\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc784\ubb34\uc704\ubc30\ud589\uc704\ub97c \ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc815\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ucd08\uacfc \ub300\ucd9c\uc561 \uc911 \ubbf8\ud68c\uc218\uc561 \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc131\ub9bd\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc190\ud574\uc561 \uc0b0\uc815\uc740 F\uac00 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc744 9\uc5b5 5,200\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub9e4\uc218\ud558\uace0, \uc6d0\uace0\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc801\uc815 \ub300\ucd9c\uae08\uc561\uc778 6\uc5b5 4,640\ub9cc \uc6d0\ub9cc\uc744 \ub300\ucd9c\ubc1b\uc73c\uba70, \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 3\uc5b5 560\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc744 F\uac00 G\uc758 \ucc44\ubb34\ub97c \ub300\uc704\ubcc0\uc81c\ud558\uc5ec \ucd5c\ucd08 \ub300\ucd9c\ucc44\ubb34 \uc911 2\uc5b5 9,360\ub9cc \uc6d0\uc774 \ud68c\uc218\ub420 \uac83\uc744 \uc804\uc81c\ub85c \ud568.\n- \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc740 \ub9e4\ub9e4\uacc4\uc57d \uccb4\uacb0 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ub0b4\ubd80\uac00 \uc2ec\uac01\ud558\uac8c \ud6fc\uc190\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uc720\uc0ac \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc758 \uacbd\ub9e4 \ub099\ucc30\uac00\uc728\uc774 \ub0ae\uc558\uc73c\uba70, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uacf5\ub9e4\ub85c \ub9e4\uac01\ud55c \uae08\uc561\ub3c4 \ub0ae\uc558\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ub9e4\ub9e4\uc870\uac74(\ub9e4\ub9e4\ub300\uae08 9\uc5b5 5,200\ub9cc \uc6d0 \ubc0f \ub300\ucd9c\uae08\uc561 6\uc5b5 4,640\ub9cc \uc6d0)\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 **\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc758 \ub9e4\ub3c4\uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ud76c\ubc15**\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc784.\n- \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc704\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc870\uac74\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\ud0dd\uc744 \ub9e4\ub3c4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc5c6\uc74c.\n- \uacb0\uad6d, \ud53c\uace0\ub4e4\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \uc190\ud574 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 **\uc778\uacfc\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c**.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2006. 2. 24. \uc120\uace0 2005\ub2e438492 \ud310\uacb0\n- L\uc870\ud569 \uac80\uc0ac \ubc0f \uc81c\uc7ac\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uc815 \uc81c21\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d \uc81c1\ud638\n- L\uc870\ud569 \uac80\uc0ac \ubc0f \uc81c\uc7ac\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uc815 \uc2dc\ud589\uaddc\uce59 \uc81c52\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uc801\uc778 \uc5c5\ubb34\uaddc\uc815 \uc704\ubc18 \ud589\uc704\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uadf8\ub85c \uc778\ud574 **\uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc190\ud574\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uac70\ub098 \uc778\uacfc\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74** \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc131\ub9bd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uc774\ubbf8 \ubd80\uc2e4\ud654\ub41c \ucc44\uad8c\uc744 \uc815\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ub300\ucd9c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574, \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc790\uae08 \uc720\ucd9c\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uace0 \uae30\uc874 \ubd80\uc2e4\ucc44\uad8c\uc758 \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ub300\ucd9c \ud55c\ub3c4 \ucd08\uacfc \ub4f1 \uaddc\uc815 \uc704\ubc18\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 **\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc190\ud574\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4**\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud568.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uae08\uc735\uae30\uad00 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \uacfc\uc2e4 \ub610\ub294 \uace0\uc758\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud589\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 **\uc190\ud574 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc758 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uacfc \uc778\uacfc\uad00\uacc4\uc758 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud55c \uc99d\uba85**\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud568\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc190\ud574\uc561 \uc0b0\uc815\uc758 \uc804\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \ub9e4\ub9e4\uc870\uac74\uc758 \ud604\uc2e4 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uc5ec, **\ud604\uc2e4\uc131\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac00\uc815\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc190\ud574 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc30\ucc99**\ud55c \uc810\ub3c4 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud568."}
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
1. 회사들의 업무처리상 고의 또는 중과실 여부
- 법리: 은행의 변상규정은 직원이 고의 또는 중대한 과실로 재산상 손해를 끼쳤을 때 변상책임을 부담시키고, 경과실에 대해서는 변상책임을 부담시키지 않음. 민법상 불법행위 책임에도 변상규정이 적용됨.
- 법원의 판단:
- 회사들은 이 사건 여신업무방법서에서 정한 대출 범위를 초과한다는 사실을 알면서도 허위매매계약서를 작성하여 이 사건 대출을 실행하였음.
- 이 사건 여신업무방법서에 따르면 5억 원 초과 대출 시 외부 감정평가법인의 감정을 받거나, 시가자료를 기초로 시가추정을 하거나, 2년 이내의 감정평가서 등을 근거로 자체 감정평가를 해야 함.
- 회사들이 첨부한 감정서는 이 사건 주택에 대한 2년 이내의 감정평가서가 아니며, 신뢰성 있는 시가자료로 볼 수 없음.
- 회사들은 허위매매계약서를 작성하지 않으면 F에게 9억 4,000만 원을 대출할 수 없음을 알고 있었음.
- 이 사건 대출은 이 사건 특별조치(원금 70% 이상 회수 시 회수순위변경) 요건을 충족하지 못했음에도 회사들이 대출가능금액을 늘려 회수순위변경 대상이 되도록 하였으므로, 회수순위변경 관련 규정도 위반함.
- 관련 행정판결에서도 피고 B의 부당대출 지시가 근로자의 여신규정 위반으로 징계사유가 인정됨.
- 회사들의 행위는 고의에 의한 근로자의 업무처리규정 위반에 해당함.
- 피고 D이 상급자 지시에 따랐더라도, 지시를 거부할 수 없었다는