서울남부지방법원 | 2021-02-10 | 2020고정1671
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
사립학교 기간제교원에 대한 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반죄 성립 여부
결과 요약
- 피고인에게 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반죄에 대한 고의가 없었음을 인정하여 무죄를 선고함.
사실관계
- 피고인은 학교법인 C의 대표이사로, 2010. 3. 2.부터 2017. 2. 28.까지 영어교사로 근무하고 퇴직한 근로자 D의 퇴직금 5,387,416원을 지급기일 연장에 관한 합의 없이 14일 이내에 지급하지 아니한 혐의로 기소됨.
- D은 2010. 2. 28. E고등학교와 채용계약을 체결하고 계약직 기간제교원으로 임용되었으며, 계약서에는 사립학교법, 국가공무원법, 교육공무원법 등 교원 인사 및 복무 관계 규정을 준용한다고 명시됨.
- E고는 사립학교법 제54조의4 제3항에 따라 D과 임용기간을 1년 이내로 하는 임용계약을 7년 동안 매년 체결함.
- E고는 교육공무원법 제32조 제3항에 따라 D이 임용기간이 끝나면 당연히 퇴직하는 것으로 보아 임용기간 만료일부터 14일 이내에 매년 퇴직금을 지급함.
- D은 7년 근무기간에 대한 퇴직금을 지급받지 못했다고 주장하며 피고인을 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반죄로 고소함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
피고인에게 퇴직금 지급 의무가 있는지 여부
- 사립학교 교원의 임용은 특별법인 사립학교법 및 교육공무원법에 의해 규율되며, 기간제법은 적용될 여지가 없음.
- 기간제교원 제도는 정규교원의 휴직 등으로 인한 일시 공백을 보충하거나 특정 교과를 한시적으로 담당하게 하기 위한 것으로, 기간의 정함이 없는 기간제교원을 인정하기 어려움.
- 따라서 D에게는 기간제법 제4조 제2항이 적용되지 않으며, E고는 사립학교법 및 교육공무원법에 따라 매년 임용계약을 체결하고 퇴직금을 지급했으므로, 피고인에게 D에 대한 추가적인 퇴직금 지급 의무가 있다고 보기 어려움.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 사립학교법 제54조의4 제3항: "기간제교원의 임용기간은 1년 이내로 하되, 필요한 경우 3년의 범위에서 그 기간을 연장할 수 있다."
- 교육공무원법 제32조 제3항: "기간제교원은 임용기간이 끝나면 당연히 퇴직한다."
- 기간제 및 단시간근로자 보호 등에 관한 법률 제4조 제1항: "사용자는 2년을 초과하지 아니하는 범위 안에서 기간제근로자를 사용할 수 있다. 다만, 다음 각 호의 어느 하나에 해당하는 경우에는 2년을 초과하여 기간제근로자로 사용할 수 있다. 2. 휴직·파견 등으로 결원이 발생하여 해당 근로자가 복귀할 때까지 그 업무를 대신할 필요가 있는 경우"
- 기간제 및 단시간근로자 보호 등에 관한 법률 제4조 제2항: "사용자가 제1항 단서의 사유가 없거나 소멸되었음에도 불구하고 2년을 초과하여 기간제근로자로 사용하는 경우에는 그 기간제근로자는 기간의 정함이 없는 근로계약을 체결한 근로자로 본다."
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
피고인은 무죄. 이 판결의 요지를 공시한다.
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\ubc0f \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c D\uacfc \uc784\uc6a9\uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uccb4\uacb0\ud558\uace0 \ub9e4\ub144 \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08\uc744 \uc9c0\uae09\ud558\uc600\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c, \ud53c\uace0\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\uc8c4\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ub2e8\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- **\ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 2011. 10. 13. \uc120\uace0 2009\ub3c48248 \ud310\uacb0**: \ud1f4\uc9c1\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09\uc758\ubb34\uc758 \uc874\ubd80 \ubc0f \ubc94\uc704\uc5d0 \uad00\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\ud234 \ub9cc\ud55c \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ud1f4\uc9c1\uae09\uc5ec\ubcf4\uc7a5\ubc95 \uc81c31\uc870, \uc81c9\uc870 \uc704\ubc18\uc8c4\uc758 \uace0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4.\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \uae30\uac04\uc81c\uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ud310\ub2e8\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9bc. \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50 \uae30\uac04\uc81c\uad50\uc6d0\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uae30\uac04\uc81c\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc640 \ub2ec\ub9ac \ud2b9\ubcc4\ubc95\uc778 \uc0ac\ub9bd\ud559\uad50\ubc95 \ubc0f \uad50\uc721\uacf5\ubb34\uc6d0\ubc95\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uae30\uac04\uc81c\ubc95\uc758 \ubb34\uae30\uacc4\uc57d \uc804\ud658 \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ud568.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \ubc95\uc81c\ucc98 \uc720\uad8c\ud574\uc11d \ubc0f \uad50\uc721\uccad \ud3b8\ub78c \ub4f1 **\uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uadfc\uac70\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud55c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc124\ub839 \ubbfc\uc0ac\uc0c1 \uc9c0\uae09 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud615\uc0ac\uc0c1 \uace0\uc758\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\uc5ec, **\ud615\uc0ac\ucc45\uc784\uc758 \ubc94\uc704\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c**\ud558\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc120\ub840\uac00 \ub428.\n- \uc774\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ubc95\ub960 \uc804\ubb38\uac00\uc758 \uc790\ubb38\uc774\ub098 \uacf5\uc2e0\ub825 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\uad00\uc758 \uc720\uad8c\ud574\uc11d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ud310\ub2e8\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b0 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ucd94\ud6c4 \ubc95\uc801 \ubd84\uc7c1 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc2dc \ud615\uc0ac\uc0c1 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \uba74\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud568."}
근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반죄에 관한 고의가 있었는지 여부
- 퇴직금 지급 의무의 존부 및 범위에 관하여 다툴 만한 근거가 있는 경우, 사용자에게 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반죄의 고의가 있었다고 인정하기 어려움.
- E고는 2015. 3. 2.경 법제처에 기간제교원의 기간제법 적용 여부에 대해 유권해석을 의뢰하였고, 법제처는 기간제교원의 임용에 관하여는 특별법인 사립학교법 및 교육공무원법이 우선 적용되고 기간제법이 적용될 수 없으므로, 기간제법 제4조 제2항의 기간의 정함이 없는 근로계약을 체결한 근로자로 볼 수 없다고 답변함.
- 서울특별시 교육청 발행 '사립학교교원 인사실무편람'에서도 '사립학교 기간제교원에 대하여는 기간제법이 아니라 원칙적으로 사립학교법 등이 적용된다'고 기재되어 있음.
- 이러한 방침에 근거하여 E고는 사립학교법 및 교육공무원법에 따라 D과 임용계약을 체결하고 매년 퇴직금을 지급하였으므로, 피고인에게 근로자퇴직급여보장법 위반죄에 관한 고의가 있었다고 단정하기 어려움.
관련 판례 및 법령
- 대법원 2011. 10. 13. 선고 2009도8248 판결: 퇴직금 지급의무의 존부 및 범위에 관하여 다툴 만한 근거가