서울고등법원 | 2023-01-12 | 2021누69877
법원 판례 기준으로 판결요지와 원문 출처를 내부에서 확인하세요.
원문이 아닌 정리본이며, 저장된 요약의 끝부분이 잘려 있을 수 있습니다.
특수법인 전환에 따른 전보의 정당성 판단
결과 요약
근로자의 항소를 기각하고, 해당 전보가 정당하다고 판단함.
사실관계
근로자는 특수법인으로 전환된 참가인(재단법인)의 직원임.
참가인은 특수법인 전환 과정에서 일반직 정원의 70%를 기존 직원 대상 제한경쟁채용으로, 30%를 공개경쟁채용으로 선발하기로 결정함.
근로자는 위 각 채용절차에서 모두 탈락하여 팀장 보직을 받지 못함.
참가인은 근로자를 G 팀원으로 전보 조치함.
근로자는 해당 전보가 부당전보에 해당한다고 주장하며 소를 제기함.
핵심 쟁점, 법리 및 법원의 판단
전보의 정당성 (부당전보 해당 여부)
법리: 근로기준법 제23조 제1항은 정당한 이유 없는 전직, 전보 등을 금지함. 전보의 정당성은 업무상 필요성, 근로자의 생활상 불이익, 신의칙상 협의 절차 이행 여부 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 판단함.
법원의 판단:
업무상 필요성: 근로자가 상담원 자격증을 보유하고 있었고, G에 팀장, 상담원 외 행정업무 담당 직원이 필요한 점 등을 고려할 때, 근로자를 G 팀원으로 전보한 것은 업무상 필요성이 인정됨.
생활상 불이익: 특수법인 전환으로 인해 참가인 직원들의 고용 안정성이 증진되고 업무 영역이 확장되는 이익을 누리게 됨. 참가인이 공개경쟁채용 비율을 30%로 정하고, 채용 탈락 직원을 공무직으로 배치하되 종전 임금 수준을 보전해 주기로 한 것은 합리성이 인정되며 부당하다고 보기 어려움.
신의칙상 협의 절차: 근로자가 채용에 모두 탈락한 후 참가인의 원장이 직접 근로자를 면담하여 희망 보직 등에 관한 의견을 청취한 점을 볼 때, 신의칙상 요구되는 의견청취 절차를 거쳤다고 인정됨.
채용 절차의 불공정성: 제출된 증거만으로는 채용 절차가 불공정하였다고 인정하기 어려움. 공개경쟁채용 비율 30%는 고용노동부와 기획재정부의 요구에 따른 것으로, 정부 부처의 지휘·감독을 받는 참가인으로서는 이를 수용할 수밖에 없는 지위에 있었음.
결론: 해당 전보는 정당성이 인정되며, 근로기준법 제23조 제1항이 금지하는 부당전보에 해당한다고 보기 어려움.
관련 판례 및 법령
근로기준법 제23조 제1항: 사용자는 근로자에게 정당한 이유 없이 해고, 휴직, 정직, 전직, 감봉, 그 밖의 징벌을 하지 못한다.
양성평등기본법 제46조의2 제5항
확보한 수집 내용입니다. 전문 여부와 앞뒤 누락, 문단·표·공백의 원형 보존은 확인되지 않았습니다.
공식 원문 미확인
1. 원고의 항소를 기각한다. 2. 항소비용은 보조참가로 인한 부분을 포함하여 원고가 부담한다.
{"source_kind": "bigcase_html_noauth", "extraction_method": "next_data_noauth", "ai_summary": "# \ud2b9\uc218\ubc95\uc778 \uc804\ud658\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc804\ubcf4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\n## \uacb0\uacfc \uc694\uc57d\n- \uc6d0\uace0\uc758 \ud56d\uc18c\ub97c \uae30\uac01\ud558\uace0, \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\uac00 \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n## \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \ud2b9\uc218\ubc95\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ub41c \ucc38\uac00\uc778(\uc7ac\ub2e8\ubc95\uc778)\uc758 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc784.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \ud2b9\uc218\ubc95\uc778 \uc804\ud658 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ubc18\uc9c1 \uc815\uc6d0\uc758 70%\ub97c \uae30\uc874 \uc9c1\uc6d0 \ub300\uc0c1 \uc81c\ud55c\uacbd\uc7c1\ucc44\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c, 30%\ub97c \uacf5\uac1c\uacbd\uc7c1\ucc44\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\ubc1c\ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacb0\uc815\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc704 \uac01 \ucc44\uc6a9\uc808\ucc28\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub450 \ud0c8\ub77d\ud558\uc5ec \ud300\uc7a5 \ubcf4\uc9c1\uc744 \ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud568.\n- \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc740 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c G \ud300\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ubcf4 \uc870\uce58\ud568.\n- \uc6d0\uace0\ub294 \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\uac00 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc804\ubcf4\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud558\uba70 \uc18c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud568.\n## \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810, \ubc95\ub9ac \ubc0f \ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8\n### \uc804\ubcf4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 (\ubd80\ub2f9\uc804\ubcf4 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc5ec\ubd80)\n- **\ubc95\ub9ac**: \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc804\uc9c1, \uc804\ubcf4 \ub4f1\uc744 \uae08\uc9c0\ud568. \uc804\ubcf4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775, \uc2e0\uc758\uce59\uc0c1 \ud611\uc758 \uc808\ucc28 \uc774\ud589 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ub4f1\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud568.\n- **\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \ud310\ub2e8**:\n- **\uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \uc0c1\ub2f4\uc6d0 \uc790\uaca9\uc99d\uc744 \ubcf4\uc720\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, G\uc5d0 \ud300\uc7a5, \uc0c1\ub2f4\uc6d0 \uc678 \ud589\uc815\uc5c5\ubb34 \ub2f4\ub2f9 \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc810 \ub4f1\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c G \ud300\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ubcf4\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc5c5\ubb34\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- **\uc0dd\ud65c\uc0c1 \ubd88\uc774\uc775**: \ud2b9\uc218\ubc95\uc778 \uc804\ud658\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucc38\uac00\uc778 \uc9c1\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc758 \uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc774 \uc99d\uc9c4\ub418\uace0 \uc5c5\ubb34 \uc601\uc5ed\uc774 \ud655\uc7a5\ub418\ub294 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \ub204\ub9ac\uac8c \ub428. \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc774 \uacf5\uac1c\uacbd\uc7c1\ucc44\uc6a9 \ube44\uc728\uc744 30%\ub85c \uc815\ud558\uace0, \ucc44\uc6a9 \ud0c8\ub77d \uc9c1\uc6d0\uc744 \uacf5\ubb34\uc9c1\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\uce58\ud558\ub418 \uc885\uc804 \uc784\uae08 \uc218\uc900\uc744 \ubcf4\uc804\ud574 \uc8fc\uae30\ub85c \ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ud569\ub9ac\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba70 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n- **\uc2e0\uc758\uce59\uc0c1 \ud611\uc758 \uc808\ucc28**: \uc6d0\uace0\uac00 \ucc44\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud0c8\ub77d\ud55c \ud6c4 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc758 \uc6d0\uc7a5\uc774 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc6d0\uace0\ub97c \uba74\ub2f4\ud558\uc5ec \ud76c\ub9dd \ubcf4\uc9c1 \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc758\uacac\uc744 \uccad\ucde8\ud55c \uc810\uc744 \ubcfc \ub54c, \uc2e0\uc758\uce59\uc0c1 \uc694\uad6c\ub418\ub294 \uc758\uacac\uccad\ucde8 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uac70\ucce4\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ub428.\n- **\ucc44\uc6a9 \uc808\ucc28\uc758 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\uc131**: \uac11 \uc81c27\ud638\uc99d\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ucc44\uc6a9 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \ubd88\uacf5\uc815\ud558\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0. \uacf5\uac1c\uacbd\uc7c1\ucc44\uc6a9 \ube44\uc728 30%\ub294 \uace0\uc6a9\ub178\ub3d9\ubd80\uc640 \uae30\ud68d\uc7ac\uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uc694\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c, \uc815\ubd80 \ubd80\ucc98\uc758 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294 \ucc38\uac00\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uc218\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc9c0\uc704\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c.\n- **\uacb0\ub860**: \uc774 \uc0ac\uac74 \uc804\ubcf4\ub294 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba70, \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d\uc774 \uae08\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\ub2f9\uc804\ubcf4\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0.\n#### \uad00\ub828 \ud310\ub840 \ubc0f \ubc95\ub839\n- \uadfc\ub85c\uae30\uc900\ubc95 \uc81c23\uc870 \uc81c1\ud56d: \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720 \uc5c6\uc774 \ud574\uace0, \ud734\uc9c1, \uc815\uc9c1, \uc804\uc9c1, \uac10\ubd09, \uadf8 \ubc16\uc758 \uc9d5\ubc8c\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4.\n- \uc591\uc131\ud3c9\ub4f1\uae30\ubcf8\ubc95 \uc81c46\uc870\uc7582 \uc81c5\ud56d\n## \uac80\ud1a0\n- \ubcf8 \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \ud2b9\uc218\ubc95\uc778 \uc804\ud658\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc870\uc9c1 \uac1c\ud3b8 \uc2dc \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc804\ubcf4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131\uc744 \ud310\ub2e8\ud568\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4, \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ubd88\uc774\uc775\ub9cc\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc870\uc9c1\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131(\uc815\ubd80 \ubd80\ucc98\uc758 \uc9c0\ud718\u00b7\uac10\ub3c5, \uc608\uc0b0 \uc81c\uc57d \ub4f1), \uc804\ud658\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801(\uc0ac\uc5c5 \uc548\uc815\uc131 \ud655\ubcf4, \uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\uc131 \uc99d\uc9c4), \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc81c\uacf5\ub418\ub294 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc775(\uace0\uc6a9 \uc548\uc815\uc131, \uc784\uae08 \ubcf4\uc804 \ub4f1)\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c.\n- \ud2b9\ud788, \uacf5\uacf5\uae30\uad00\uc758 \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\ubd80 \ubd80\ucc98\uc758 \uc694\uad6c\uc0ac\ud56d\uc744 \uc218\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uc804\ubcf4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \uc0bc\uc740 \uc810\uc774 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ub428.\n- \ub610\ud55c, \uc758\uacac\uccad\ucde8 \uc808\ucc28\uc758 \uc774\ud589 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc2e0\uc758\uce59\uc0c1 \uc694\uad6c\ub418\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\ub85c \ubcf4\uc544 \uc804\ubcf4\uc758 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131 \ud310\ub2e8\uc5d0 \ubc18\uc601\ud55c \uc810\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud568."}
검토
본 판결은 특수법인 전환과 같은 조직 개편 시 발생하는 전보의 정당성을 판단함에 있어, 단순히 근로자의 불이익만을 고려하는 것이 아니라, 조직의 특수성(정부 부처의 지휘·감독, 예산 제약 등), 전환의 목적(사업 안정성 확보, 고용 안정성 증진), 그리고 근로자에게 제공되는 전반적인 이익(고용 안정성, 임금 보전 등)을 종합적으로 고려하여 판단하고 있음을 보여줌.
특히, 공공기관의 특수성을 인정하여 정부 부처의 요구사항을 수용할 수밖에 없는 지위를 전보의 정당성 판단에 중요한 요소로 삼은 점이 주목됨.
또한, 의견청취 절차의 이행 여부를 신의칙상 요구되는 절차로 보아 전보의 정당성 판단에 반영한 점도 중요함.